common: Silence two discarded result warnings

These are intentionally discarded internally, since the rest of the
public API allows querying success. We want all non-internal uses of
these functions to be explicitly checked, so we can signify that we
intentionally want to discard the return values here.

.ci/scripts/format/script.sh

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ if grep -nrI '\s$' src *.yml *.txt *.md Doxyfile .gitignore .gitmodules .ci* dis
 fi
 
 # Default clang-format points to default 3.5 version one
-CLANG_FORMAT=clang-format-6.0
+CLANG_FORMAT=clang-format-10
 $CLANG_FORMAT --version
 
 if [ "$TRAVIS_EVENT_TYPE" = "pull_request" ]; then

.travis/clang-format/script.sh

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ if grep -nrI '\s$' src *.yml *.txt *.md Doxyfile .gitignore .gitmodules .travis*
 fi
 
 # Default clang-format points to default 3.5 version one
-CLANG_FORMAT=clang-format-6.0
+CLANG_FORMAT=clang-format-10.0
 $CLANG_FORMAT --version
 
 if [ "$TRAVIS_EVENT_TYPE" = "pull_request" ]; then

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ macro(yuzu_find_packages)
     #    Cmake Pkg Prefix  Version     Conan Pkg
         "Boost             1.73        boost/1.73.0"
         "Catch2            2.13        catch2/2.13.0"
-        "fmt               7.0         fmt/7.0.1"
+        "fmt               7.0         fmt/7.0.3"
     # can't use until https://github.com/bincrafters/community/issues/1173
         #"libzip            1.5         libzip/1.5.2@bincrafters/stable"
         "lz4               1.8         lz4/1.9.2"
@@ -456,7 +456,7 @@ endif()
 # against all the src files. This should be used before making a pull request.
 # =======================================================================
 
-set(CLANG_FORMAT_POSTFIX "-6.0")
+set(CLANG_FORMAT_POSTFIX "-10")
 find_program(CLANG_FORMAT
     NAMES clang-format${CLANG_FORMAT_POSTFIX}
           clang-format

src/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -60,9 +60,14 @@ else()
         -Wmissing-declarations
         -Wno-attributes
         -Wno-unused-parameter
-        -fconcepts
     )
 
+    # TODO: Remove when we update to a GCC compiler that enables this
+    #       by default (i.e. GCC 10 or newer).
+    if (CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL GNU)
+        add_compile_options(-fconcepts)
+    endif()
+
     if (ARCHITECTURE_x86_64)
         add_compile_options("-mcx16")
     endif()

src/audio_core/cubeb_sink.cpp

@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ public:
                 const s16 surround_left{samples[i + 4]};
                 const s16 surround_right{samples[i + 5]};
                 // Not used in the ATSC reference implementation
-                [[maybe_unused]] const s16 low_frequency_effects { samples[i + 3] };
+                [[maybe_unused]] const s16 low_frequency_effects{samples[i + 3]};
 
                 constexpr s32 clev{707}; // center mixing level coefficient
                 constexpr s32 slev{707}; // surround mixing level coefficient

src/common/algorithm.h

@@ -15,7 +15,8 @@
 namespace Common {
 
 template <class ForwardIt, class T, class Compare = std::less<>>
-ForwardIt BinaryFind(ForwardIt first, ForwardIt last, const T& value, Compare comp = {}) {
+[[nodiscard]] ForwardIt BinaryFind(ForwardIt first, ForwardIt last, const T& value,
+                                   Compare comp = {}) {
     // Note: BOTH type T and the type after ForwardIt is dereferenced
     // must be implicitly convertible to BOTH Type1 and Type2, used in Compare.
     // This is stricter than lower_bound requirement (see above)

src/common/alignment.h

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 namespace Common {
 
 template <typename T>
-constexpr T AlignUp(T value, std::size_t size) {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr T AlignUp(T value, std::size_t size) {
     static_assert(std::is_unsigned_v<T>, "T must be an unsigned value.");
     auto mod{static_cast<T>(value % size)};
     value -= mod;
@@ -17,31 +17,31 @@ constexpr T AlignUp(T value, std::size_t size) {
 }
 
 template <typename T>
-constexpr T AlignDown(T value, std::size_t size) {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr T AlignDown(T value, std::size_t size) {
     static_assert(std::is_unsigned_v<T>, "T must be an unsigned value.");
     return static_cast<T>(value - value % size);
 }
 
 template <typename T>
-constexpr T AlignBits(T value, std::size_t align) {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr T AlignBits(T value, std::size_t align) {
     static_assert(std::is_unsigned_v<T>, "T must be an unsigned value.");
     return static_cast<T>((value + ((1ULL << align) - 1)) >> align << align);
 }
 
 template <typename T>
-constexpr bool Is4KBAligned(T value) {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr bool Is4KBAligned(T value) {
     static_assert(std::is_unsigned_v<T>, "T must be an unsigned value.");
     return (value & 0xFFF) == 0;
 }
 
 template <typename T>
-constexpr bool IsWordAligned(T value) {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr bool IsWordAligned(T value) {
     static_assert(std::is_unsigned_v<T>, "T must be an unsigned value.");
     return (value & 0b11) == 0;
 }
 
 template <typename T>
-constexpr bool IsAligned(T value, std::size_t alignment) {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr bool IsAligned(T value, std::size_t alignment) {
     using U = typename std::make_unsigned<T>::type;
     const U mask = static_cast<U>(alignment - 1);
     return (value & mask) == 0;
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ public:
     template <typename T2>
     constexpr AlignmentAllocator(const AlignmentAllocator<T2, Align>&) noexcept {}
 
-    T* allocate(size_type n) {
+    [[nodiscard]] T* allocate(size_type n) {
         return static_cast<T*>(::operator new (n * sizeof(T), std::align_val_t{Align}));
     }
 

src/common/atomic_ops.cpp

@@ -14,50 +14,55 @@ namespace Common {
 
 #if _MSC_VER
 
-bool AtomicCompareAndSwap(u8 volatile* pointer, u8 value, u8 expected) {
-    u8 result = _InterlockedCompareExchange8((char*)pointer, value, expected);
+bool AtomicCompareAndSwap(volatile u8* pointer, u8 value, u8 expected) {
+    const u8 result =
+        _InterlockedCompareExchange8(reinterpret_cast<volatile char*>(pointer), value, expected);
     return result == expected;
 }
 
-bool AtomicCompareAndSwap(u16 volatile* pointer, u16 value, u16 expected) {
-    u16 result = _InterlockedCompareExchange16((short*)pointer, value, expected);
+bool AtomicCompareAndSwap(volatile u16* pointer, u16 value, u16 expected) {
+    const u16 result =
+        _InterlockedCompareExchange16(reinterpret_cast<volatile short*>(pointer), value, expected);
     return result == expected;
 }
 
-bool AtomicCompareAndSwap(u32 volatile* pointer, u32 value, u32 expected) {
-    u32 result = _InterlockedCompareExchange((long*)pointer, value, expected);
+bool AtomicCompareAndSwap(volatile u32* pointer, u32 value, u32 expected) {
+    const u32 result =
+        _InterlockedCompareExchange(reinterpret_cast<volatile long*>(pointer), value, expected);
     return result == expected;
 }
 
-bool AtomicCompareAndSwap(u64 volatile* pointer, u64 value, u64 expected) {
-    u64 result = _InterlockedCompareExchange64((__int64*)pointer, value, expected);
+bool AtomicCompareAndSwap(volatile u64* pointer, u64 value, u64 expected) {
+    const u64 result = _InterlockedCompareExchange64(reinterpret_cast<volatile __int64*>(pointer),
+                                                     value, expected);
     return result == expected;
 }
 
-bool AtomicCompareAndSwap(u64 volatile* pointer, u128 value, u128 expected) {
-    return _InterlockedCompareExchange128((__int64*)pointer, value[1], value[0],
-                                          (__int64*)expected.data()) != 0;
+bool AtomicCompareAndSwap(volatile u64* pointer, u128 value, u128 expected) {
+    return _InterlockedCompareExchange128(reinterpret_cast<volatile __int64*>(pointer), value[1],
+                                          value[0],
+                                          reinterpret_cast<__int64*>(expected.data())) != 0;
 }
 
 #else
 
-bool AtomicCompareAndSwap(u8 volatile* pointer, u8 value, u8 expected) {
+bool AtomicCompareAndSwap(volatile u8* pointer, u8 value, u8 expected) {
     return __sync_bool_compare_and_swap(pointer, expected, value);
 }
 
-bool AtomicCompareAndSwap(u16 volatile* pointer, u16 value, u16 expected) {
+bool AtomicCompareAndSwap(volatile u16* pointer, u16 value, u16 expected) {
     return __sync_bool_compare_and_swap(pointer, expected, value);
 }
 
-bool AtomicCompareAndSwap(u32 volatile* pointer, u32 value, u32 expected) {
+bool AtomicCompareAndSwap(volatile u32* pointer, u32 value, u32 expected) {
     return __sync_bool_compare_and_swap(pointer, expected, value);
 }
 
-bool AtomicCompareAndSwap(u64 volatile* pointer, u64 value, u64 expected) {
+bool AtomicCompareAndSwap(volatile u64* pointer, u64 value, u64 expected) {
     return __sync_bool_compare_and_swap(pointer, expected, value);
 }
 
-bool AtomicCompareAndSwap(u64 volatile* pointer, u128 value, u128 expected) {
+bool AtomicCompareAndSwap(volatile u64* pointer, u128 value, u128 expected) {
     unsigned __int128 value_a;
     unsigned __int128 expected_a;
     std::memcpy(&value_a, value.data(), sizeof(u128));

src/common/atomic_ops.h

@@ -8,10 +8,10 @@
 
 namespace Common {
 
-bool AtomicCompareAndSwap(u8 volatile* pointer, u8 value, u8 expected);
-bool AtomicCompareAndSwap(u16 volatile* pointer, u16 value, u16 expected);
-bool AtomicCompareAndSwap(u32 volatile* pointer, u32 value, u32 expected);
-bool AtomicCompareAndSwap(u64 volatile* pointer, u64 value, u64 expected);
-bool AtomicCompareAndSwap(u64 volatile* pointer, u128 value, u128 expected);
+[[nodiscard]] bool AtomicCompareAndSwap(volatile u8* pointer, u8 value, u8 expected);
+[[nodiscard]] bool AtomicCompareAndSwap(volatile u16* pointer, u16 value, u16 expected);
+[[nodiscard]] bool AtomicCompareAndSwap(volatile u32* pointer, u32 value, u32 expected);
+[[nodiscard]] bool AtomicCompareAndSwap(volatile u64* pointer, u64 value, u64 expected);
+[[nodiscard]] bool AtomicCompareAndSwap(volatile u64* pointer, u128 value, u128 expected);
 
 } // namespace Common

src/common/bit_field.h

@@ -36,13 +36,6 @@
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"
 #include "common/swap.h"
 
-// Inlining
-#ifdef _WIN32
-#define FORCE_INLINE __forceinline
-#else
-#define FORCE_INLINE inline __attribute__((always_inline))
-#endif
-
 /*
  * Abstract bitfield class
  *
@@ -142,8 +135,8 @@ public:
      * containing several bitfields can be assembled by formatting each of their values and ORing
      * the results together.
      */
-    static constexpr FORCE_INLINE StorageType FormatValue(const T& value) {
-        return ((StorageType)value << position) & mask;
+    [[nodiscard]] static constexpr StorageType FormatValue(const T& value) {
+        return (static_cast<StorageType>(value) << position) & mask;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -151,7 +144,7 @@ public:
      * (such as Value() or operator T), but this can be used to extract a value from a bitfield
      * union in a constexpr context.
      */
-    static constexpr FORCE_INLINE T ExtractValue(const StorageType& storage) {
+    [[nodiscard]] static constexpr T ExtractValue(const StorageType& storage) {
         if constexpr (std::numeric_limits<UnderlyingType>::is_signed) {
             std::size_t shift = 8 * sizeof(T) - bits;
             return static_cast<T>(static_cast<UnderlyingType>(storage << (shift - position)) >>
@@ -175,7 +168,7 @@ public:
     constexpr BitField(BitField&&) noexcept = default;
     constexpr BitField& operator=(BitField&&) noexcept = default;
 
-    constexpr operator T() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr operator T() const {
         return Value();
     }
 
@@ -183,11 +176,11 @@ public:
         storage = static_cast<StorageType>((storage & ~mask) | FormatValue(value));
     }
 
-    constexpr T Value() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr T Value() const {
         return ExtractValue(storage);
     }
 
-    constexpr explicit operator bool() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr explicit operator bool() const {
         return Value() != 0;
     }
 

src/common/bit_util.h

@@ -17,12 +17,12 @@ namespace Common {
 
 /// Gets the size of a specified type T in bits.
 template <typename T>
-constexpr std::size_t BitSize() {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr std::size_t BitSize() {
     return sizeof(T) * CHAR_BIT;
 }
 
 #ifdef _MSC_VER
-inline u32 CountLeadingZeroes32(u32 value) {
+[[nodiscard]] inline u32 CountLeadingZeroes32(u32 value) {
     unsigned long leading_zero = 0;
 
     if (_BitScanReverse(&leading_zero, value) != 0) {
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ inline u32 CountLeadingZeroes32(u32 value) {
     return 32;
 }
 
-inline u32 CountLeadingZeroes64(u64 value) {
+[[nodiscard]] inline u32 CountLeadingZeroes64(u64 value) {
     unsigned long leading_zero = 0;
 
     if (_BitScanReverse64(&leading_zero, value) != 0) {
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ inline u32 CountLeadingZeroes64(u64 value) {
     return 64;
 }
 #else
-inline u32 CountLeadingZeroes32(u32 value) {
+[[nodiscard]] inline u32 CountLeadingZeroes32(u32 value) {
     if (value == 0) {
         return 32;
     }
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ inline u32 CountLeadingZeroes32(u32 value) {
     return static_cast<u32>(__builtin_clz(value));
 }
 
-inline u32 CountLeadingZeroes64(u64 value) {
+[[nodiscard]] inline u32 CountLeadingZeroes64(u64 value) {
     if (value == 0) {
         return 64;
     }
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ inline u32 CountLeadingZeroes64(u64 value) {
 #endif
 
 #ifdef _MSC_VER
-inline u32 CountTrailingZeroes32(u32 value) {
+[[nodiscard]] inline u32 CountTrailingZeroes32(u32 value) {
     unsigned long trailing_zero = 0;
 
     if (_BitScanForward(&trailing_zero, value) != 0) {
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ inline u32 CountTrailingZeroes32(u32 value) {
     return 32;
 }
 
-inline u32 CountTrailingZeroes64(u64 value) {
+[[nodiscard]] inline u32 CountTrailingZeroes64(u64 value) {
     unsigned long trailing_zero = 0;
 
     if (_BitScanForward64(&trailing_zero, value) != 0) {
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ inline u32 CountTrailingZeroes64(u64 value) {
     return 64;
 }
 #else
-inline u32 CountTrailingZeroes32(u32 value) {
+[[nodiscard]] inline u32 CountTrailingZeroes32(u32 value) {
     if (value == 0) {
         return 32;
     }
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ inline u32 CountTrailingZeroes32(u32 value) {
     return static_cast<u32>(__builtin_ctz(value));
 }
 
-inline u32 CountTrailingZeroes64(u64 value) {
+[[nodiscard]] inline u32 CountTrailingZeroes64(u64 value) {
     if (value == 0) {
         return 64;
     }
@@ -99,13 +99,13 @@ inline u32 CountTrailingZeroes64(u64 value) {
 
 #ifdef _MSC_VER
 
-inline u32 MostSignificantBit32(const u32 value) {
+[[nodiscard]] inline u32 MostSignificantBit32(const u32 value) {
     unsigned long result;
     _BitScanReverse(&result, value);
     return static_cast<u32>(result);
 }
 
-inline u32 MostSignificantBit64(const u64 value) {
+[[nodiscard]] inline u32 MostSignificantBit64(const u64 value) {
     unsigned long result;
     _BitScanReverse64(&result, value);
     return static_cast<u32>(result);
@@ -113,30 +113,30 @@ inline u32 MostSignificantBit64(const u64 value) {
 
 #else
 
-inline u32 MostSignificantBit32(const u32 value) {
+[[nodiscard]] inline u32 MostSignificantBit32(const u32 value) {
     return 31U - static_cast<u32>(__builtin_clz(value));
 }
 
-inline u32 MostSignificantBit64(const u64 value) {
+[[nodiscard]] inline u32 MostSignificantBit64(const u64 value) {
     return 63U - static_cast<u32>(__builtin_clzll(value));
 }
 
 #endif
 
-inline u32 Log2Floor32(const u32 value) {
+[[nodiscard]] inline u32 Log2Floor32(const u32 value) {
     return MostSignificantBit32(value);
 }
 
-inline u32 Log2Ceil32(const u32 value) {
+[[nodiscard]] inline u32 Log2Ceil32(const u32 value) {
     const u32 log2_f = Log2Floor32(value);
     return log2_f + ((value ^ (1U << log2_f)) != 0U);
 }
 
-inline u32 Log2Floor64(const u64 value) {
+[[nodiscard]] inline u32 Log2Floor64(const u64 value) {
     return MostSignificantBit64(value);
 }
 
-inline u32 Log2Ceil64(const u64 value) {
+[[nodiscard]] inline u32 Log2Ceil64(const u64 value) {
     const u64 log2_f = static_cast<u64>(Log2Floor64(value));
     return static_cast<u32>(log2_f + ((value ^ (1ULL << log2_f)) != 0ULL));
 }

src/common/cityhash.h

@@ -61,42 +61,43 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <cstdint>
 #include <utility>
-#include <stdint.h>
-#include <stdlib.h> // for std::size_t.
 
 namespace Common {
 
-typedef std::pair<uint64_t, uint64_t> uint128;
+using uint128 = std::pair<uint64_t, uint64_t>;
 
-inline uint64_t Uint128Low64(const uint128& x) {
+[[nodiscard]] inline uint64_t Uint128Low64(const uint128& x) {
     return x.first;
 }
-inline uint64_t Uint128High64(const uint128& x) {
+[[nodiscard]] inline uint64_t Uint128High64(const uint128& x) {
     return x.second;
 }
 
 // Hash function for a byte array.
-uint64_t CityHash64(const char* buf, std::size_t len);
+[[nodiscard]] uint64_t CityHash64(const char* buf, std::size_t len);
 
 // Hash function for a byte array.  For convenience, a 64-bit seed is also
 // hashed into the result.
-uint64_t CityHash64WithSeed(const char* buf, std::size_t len, uint64_t seed);
+[[nodiscard]] uint64_t CityHash64WithSeed(const char* buf, std::size_t len, uint64_t seed);
 
 // Hash function for a byte array.  For convenience, two seeds are also
 // hashed into the result.
-uint64_t CityHash64WithSeeds(const char* buf, std::size_t len, uint64_t seed0, uint64_t seed1);
+[[nodiscard]] uint64_t CityHash64WithSeeds(const char* buf, std::size_t len, uint64_t seed0,
+                                           uint64_t seed1);
 
 // Hash function for a byte array.
-uint128 CityHash128(const char* s, std::size_t len);
+[[nodiscard]] uint128 CityHash128(const char* s, std::size_t len);
 
 // Hash function for a byte array.  For convenience, a 128-bit seed is also
 // hashed into the result.
-uint128 CityHash128WithSeed(const char* s, std::size_t len, uint128 seed);
+[[nodiscard]] uint128 CityHash128WithSeed(const char* s, std::size_t len, uint128 seed);
 
 // Hash 128 input bits down to 64 bits of output.
 // This is intended to be a reasonably good hash function.
-inline uint64_t Hash128to64(const uint128& x) {
+[[nodiscard]] inline uint64_t Hash128to64(const uint128& x) {
     // Murmur-inspired hashing.
     const uint64_t kMul = 0x9ddfea08eb382d69ULL;
     uint64_t a = (Uint128Low64(x) ^ Uint128High64(x)) * kMul;

src/common/color.h

@@ -13,42 +13,42 @@
 namespace Color {
 
 /// Convert a 1-bit color component to 8 bit
-constexpr u8 Convert1To8(u8 value) {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr u8 Convert1To8(u8 value) {
     return value * 255;
 }
 
 /// Convert a 4-bit color component to 8 bit
-constexpr u8 Convert4To8(u8 value) {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr u8 Convert4To8(u8 value) {
     return (value << 4) | value;
 }
 
 /// Convert a 5-bit color component to 8 bit
-constexpr u8 Convert5To8(u8 value) {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr u8 Convert5To8(u8 value) {
     return (value << 3) | (value >> 2);
 }
 
 /// Convert a 6-bit color component to 8 bit
-constexpr u8 Convert6To8(u8 value) {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr u8 Convert6To8(u8 value) {
     return (value << 2) | (value >> 4);
 }
 
 /// Convert a 8-bit color component to 1 bit
-constexpr u8 Convert8To1(u8 value) {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr u8 Convert8To1(u8 value) {
     return value >> 7;
 }
 
 /// Convert a 8-bit color component to 4 bit
-constexpr u8 Convert8To4(u8 value) {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr u8 Convert8To4(u8 value) {
     return value >> 4;
 }
 
 /// Convert a 8-bit color component to 5 bit
-constexpr u8 Convert8To5(u8 value) {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr u8 Convert8To5(u8 value) {
     return value >> 3;
 }
 
 /// Convert a 8-bit color component to 6 bit
-constexpr u8 Convert8To6(u8 value) {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr u8 Convert8To6(u8 value) {
     return value >> 2;
 }
 
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ constexpr u8 Convert8To6(u8 value) {
  * @param bytes Pointer to encoded source color
  * @return Result color decoded as Common::Vec4<u8>
  */
-inline Common::Vec4<u8> DecodeRGBA8(const u8* bytes) {
+[[nodiscard]] inline Common::Vec4<u8> DecodeRGBA8(const u8* bytes) {
     return {bytes[3], bytes[2], bytes[1], bytes[0]};
 }
 
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ inline Common::Vec4<u8> DecodeRGBA8(const u8* bytes) {
  * @param bytes Pointer to encoded source color
  * @return Result color decoded as Common::Vec4<u8>
  */
-inline Common::Vec4<u8> DecodeRGB8(const u8* bytes) {
+[[nodiscard]] inline Common::Vec4<u8> DecodeRGB8(const u8* bytes) {
     return {bytes[2], bytes[1], bytes[0], 255};
 }
 
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ inline Common::Vec4<u8> DecodeRGB8(const u8* bytes) {
  * @param bytes Pointer to encoded source color
  * @return Result color decoded as Common::Vec4<u8>
  */
-inline Common::Vec4<u8> DecodeRG8(const u8* bytes) {
+[[nodiscard]] inline Common::Vec4<u8> DecodeRG8(const u8* bytes) {
     return {bytes[1], bytes[0], 0, 255};
 }
 
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ inline Common::Vec4<u8> DecodeRG8(const u8* bytes) {
  * @param bytes Pointer to encoded source color
  * @return Result color decoded as Common::Vec4<u8>
  */
-inline Common::Vec4<u8> DecodeRGB565(const u8* bytes) {
+[[nodiscard]] inline Common::Vec4<u8> DecodeRGB565(const u8* bytes) {
     u16_le pixel;
     std::memcpy(&pixel, bytes, sizeof(pixel));
     return {Convert5To8((pixel >> 11) & 0x1F), Convert6To8((pixel >> 5) & 0x3F),
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ inline Common::Vec4<u8> DecodeRGB565(const u8* bytes) {
  * @param bytes Pointer to encoded source color
  * @return Result color decoded as Common::Vec4<u8>
  */
-inline Common::Vec4<u8> DecodeRGB5A1(const u8* bytes) {
+[[nodiscard]] inline Common::Vec4<u8> DecodeRGB5A1(const u8* bytes) {
     u16_le pixel;
     std::memcpy(&pixel, bytes, sizeof(pixel));
     return {Convert5To8((pixel >> 11) & 0x1F), Convert5To8((pixel >> 6) & 0x1F),
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ inline Common::Vec4<u8> DecodeRGB5A1(const u8* bytes) {
  * @param bytes Pointer to encoded source color
  * @return Result color decoded as Common::Vec4<u8>
  */
-inline Common::Vec4<u8> DecodeRGBA4(const u8* bytes) {
+[[nodiscard]] inline Common::Vec4<u8> DecodeRGBA4(const u8* bytes) {
     u16_le pixel;
     std::memcpy(&pixel, bytes, sizeof(pixel));
     return {Convert4To8((pixel >> 12) & 0xF), Convert4To8((pixel >> 8) & 0xF),
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ inline Common::Vec4<u8> DecodeRGBA4(const u8* bytes) {
  * @param bytes Pointer to encoded source value
  * @return Depth value as an u32
  */
-inline u32 DecodeD16(const u8* bytes) {
+[[nodiscard]] inline u32 DecodeD16(const u8* bytes) {
     u16_le data;
     std::memcpy(&data, bytes, sizeof(data));
     return data;
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ inline u32 DecodeD16(const u8* bytes) {
  * @param bytes Pointer to encoded source value
  * @return Depth value as an u32
  */
-inline u32 DecodeD24(const u8* bytes) {
+[[nodiscard]] inline u32 DecodeD24(const u8* bytes) {
     return (bytes[2] << 16) | (bytes[1] << 8) | bytes[0];
 }
 
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ inline u32 DecodeD24(const u8* bytes) {
  * @param bytes Pointer to encoded source values
  * @return Resulting values stored as a Common::Vec2
  */
-inline Common::Vec2<u32> DecodeD24S8(const u8* bytes) {
+[[nodiscard]] inline Common::Vec2<u32> DecodeD24S8(const u8* bytes) {
     return {static_cast<u32>((bytes[2] << 16) | (bytes[1] << 8) | bytes[0]), bytes[3]};
 }
 

src/common/common_funcs.h

@@ -53,14 +53,14 @@ __declspec(dllimport) void __stdcall DebugBreak(void);
 // Call directly after the command or use the error num.
 // This function might change the error code.
 // Defined in Misc.cpp.
-std::string GetLastErrorMsg();
+[[nodiscard]] std::string GetLastErrorMsg();
 
 #define DECLARE_ENUM_FLAG_OPERATORS(type)                                                          \
-    constexpr type operator|(type a, type b) noexcept {                                            \
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr type operator|(type a, type b) noexcept {                              \
         using T = std::underlying_type_t<type>;                                                    \
         return static_cast<type>(static_cast<T>(a) | static_cast<T>(b));                           \
     }                                                                                              \
-    constexpr type operator&(type a, type b) noexcept {                                            \
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr type operator&(type a, type b) noexcept {                              \
         using T = std::underlying_type_t<type>;                                                    \
         return static_cast<type>(static_cast<T>(a) & static_cast<T>(b));                           \
     }                                                                                              \
@@ -74,22 +74,22 @@ std::string GetLastErrorMsg();
         a = static_cast<type>(static_cast<T>(a) & static_cast<T>(b));                              \
         return a;                                                                                  \
     }                                                                                              \
-    constexpr type operator~(type key) noexcept {                                                  \
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr type operator~(type key) noexcept {                                    \
         using T = std::underlying_type_t<type>;                                                    \
         return static_cast<type>(~static_cast<T>(key));                                            \
     }                                                                                              \
-    constexpr bool True(type key) noexcept {                                                       \
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr bool True(type key) noexcept {                                         \
         using T = std::underlying_type_t<type>;                                                    \
         return static_cast<T>(key) != 0;                                                           \
     }                                                                                              \
-    constexpr bool False(type key) noexcept {                                                      \
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr bool False(type key) noexcept {                                        \
         using T = std::underlying_type_t<type>;                                                    \
         return static_cast<T>(key) == 0;                                                           \
     }
 
 namespace Common {
 
-constexpr u32 MakeMagic(char a, char b, char c, char d) {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr u32 MakeMagic(char a, char b, char c, char d) {
     return u32(a) | u32(b) << 8 | u32(c) << 16 | u32(d) << 24;
 }
 

src/common/concepts.h

@@ -23,10 +23,12 @@ concept IsSTLContainer = requires(T t) {
     t.size();
 };
 
-// Check if type T is derived from T2
-template <typename T, typename T2>
-concept IsBaseOf = requires {
-    std::is_base_of_v<T, T2>;
+// TODO: Replace with std::derived_from when the <concepts> header
+//       is available on all supported platforms.
+template <typename Derived, typename Base>
+concept DerivedFrom = requires {
+    std::is_base_of_v<Base, Derived>;
+    std::is_convertible_v<const volatile Derived*, const volatile Base*>;
 };
 
 } // namespace Common

src/common/detached_tasks.cpp

@@ -34,8 +34,7 @@ void DetachedTasks::AddTask(std::function<void()> task) {
         std::unique_lock lock{instance->mutex};
         --instance->count;
         std::notify_all_at_thread_exit(instance->cv, std::move(lock));
-    })
-        .detach();
+    }).detach();
 }
 
 } // namespace Common

src/common/dynamic_library.cpp

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ namespace Common {
 DynamicLibrary::DynamicLibrary() = default;
 
 DynamicLibrary::DynamicLibrary(const char* filename) {
-    Open(filename);
+    void(Open(filename));
 }
 
 DynamicLibrary::DynamicLibrary(DynamicLibrary&& rhs) noexcept

src/common/dynamic_library.h

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ public:
     ~DynamicLibrary();
 
     /// Returns the specified library name with the platform-specific suffix added.
-    static std::string GetUnprefixedFilename(const char* filename);
+    [[nodiscard]] static std::string GetUnprefixedFilename(const char* filename);
 
     /// Returns the specified library name in platform-specific format.
     /// Major/minor versions will not be included if set to -1.
@@ -41,28 +41,29 @@ public:
     /// Windows: LIBNAME-MAJOR-MINOR.dll
     /// Linux: libLIBNAME.so.MAJOR.MINOR
     /// Mac: libLIBNAME.MAJOR.MINOR.dylib
-    static std::string GetVersionedFilename(const char* libname, int major = -1, int minor = -1);
+    [[nodiscard]] static std::string GetVersionedFilename(const char* libname, int major = -1,
+                                                          int minor = -1);
 
     /// Returns true if a module is loaded, otherwise false.
-    bool IsOpen() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] bool IsOpen() const {
         return handle != nullptr;
     }
 
     /// Loads (or replaces) the handle with the specified library file name.
     /// Returns true if the library was loaded and can be used.
-    bool Open(const char* filename);
+    [[nodiscard]] bool Open(const char* filename);
 
     /// Unloads the library, any function pointers from this library are no longer valid.
     void Close();
 
     /// Returns the address of the specified symbol (function or variable) as an untyped pointer.
     /// If the specified symbol does not exist in this library, nullptr is returned.
-    void* GetSymbolAddress(const char* name) const;
+    [[nodiscard]] void* GetSymbolAddress(const char* name) const;
 
     /// Obtains the address of the specified symbol, automatically casting to the correct type.
     /// Returns true if the symbol was found and assigned, otherwise false.
     template <typename T>
-    bool GetSymbol(const char* name, T* ptr) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] bool GetSymbol(const char* name, T* ptr) const {
         *ptr = reinterpret_cast<T>(GetSymbolAddress(name));
         return *ptr != nullptr;
     }

src/common/fiber.h

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ public:
     /// Yields control from Fiber 'from' to Fiber 'to'
     /// Fiber 'from' must be the currently running fiber.
     static void YieldTo(std::shared_ptr<Fiber>& from, std::shared_ptr<Fiber>& to);
-    static std::shared_ptr<Fiber> ThreadToFiber();
+    [[nodiscard]] static std::shared_ptr<Fiber> ThreadToFiber();
 
     void SetRewindPoint(std::function<void(void*)>&& rewind_func, void* start_parameter);
 

src/common/file_util.cpp

@@ -902,10 +902,10 @@ std::string SanitizePath(std::string_view path_, DirectorySeparator directory_se
     return std::string(RemoveTrailingSlash(path));
 }
 
-IOFile::IOFile() {}
+IOFile::IOFile() = default;
 
 IOFile::IOFile(const std::string& filename, const char openmode[], int flags) {
-    Open(filename, openmode, flags);
+    void(Open(filename, openmode, flags));
 }
 
 IOFile::~IOFile() {

src/common/file_util.h

@@ -48,19 +48,19 @@ struct FSTEntry {
 };
 
 // Returns true if file filename exists
-bool Exists(const std::string& filename);
+[[nodiscard]] bool Exists(const std::string& filename);
 
 // Returns true if filename is a directory
-bool IsDirectory(const std::string& filename);
+[[nodiscard]] bool IsDirectory(const std::string& filename);
 
 // Returns the size of filename (64bit)
-u64 GetSize(const std::string& filename);
+[[nodiscard]] u64 GetSize(const std::string& filename);
 
 // Overloaded GetSize, accepts file descriptor
-u64 GetSize(const int fd);
+[[nodiscard]] u64 GetSize(int fd);
 
 // Overloaded GetSize, accepts FILE*
-u64 GetSize(FILE* f);
+[[nodiscard]] u64 GetSize(FILE* f);
 
 // Returns true if successful, or path already exists.
 bool CreateDir(const std::string& filename);
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ u64 ScanDirectoryTree(const std::string& directory, FSTEntry& parent_entry,
 bool DeleteDirRecursively(const std::string& directory, unsigned int recursion = 256);
 
 // Returns the current directory
-std::optional<std::string> GetCurrentDir();
+[[nodiscard]] std::optional<std::string> GetCurrentDir();
 
 // Create directory and copy contents (does not overwrite existing files)
 void CopyDir(const std::string& source_path, const std::string& dest_path);
@@ -132,20 +132,20 @@ bool SetCurrentDir(const std::string& directory);
 // directory. To be used in "multi-user" mode (that is, installed).
 const std::string& GetUserPath(UserPath path, const std::string& new_path = "");
 
-std::string GetHactoolConfigurationPath();
+[[nodiscard]] std::string GetHactoolConfigurationPath();
 
-std::string GetNANDRegistrationDir(bool system = false);
+[[nodiscard]] std::string GetNANDRegistrationDir(bool system = false);
 
 // Returns the path to where the sys file are
-std::string GetSysDirectory();
+[[nodiscard]] std::string GetSysDirectory();
 
 #ifdef __APPLE__
-std::string GetBundleDirectory();
+[[nodiscard]] std::string GetBundleDirectory();
 #endif
 
 #ifdef _WIN32
-const std::string& GetExeDirectory();
-std::string AppDataRoamingDirectory();
+[[nodiscard]] const std::string& GetExeDirectory();
+[[nodiscard]] std::string AppDataRoamingDirectory();
 #endif
 
 std::size_t WriteStringToFile(bool text_file, const std::string& filename, std::string_view str);
@@ -164,38 +164,45 @@ void SplitFilename83(const std::string& filename, std::array<char, 9>& short_nam
 
 // Splits the path on '/' or '\' and put the components into a vector
 // i.e. "C:\Users\Yuzu\Documents\save.bin" becomes {"C:", "Users", "Yuzu", "Documents", "save.bin" }
-std::vector<std::string> SplitPathComponents(std::string_view filename);
+[[nodiscard]] std::vector<std::string> SplitPathComponents(std::string_view filename);
 
 // Gets all of the text up to the last '/' or '\' in the path.
-std::string_view GetParentPath(std::string_view path);
+[[nodiscard]] std::string_view GetParentPath(std::string_view path);
 
 // Gets all of the text after the first '/' or '\' in the path.
-std::string_view GetPathWithoutTop(std::string_view path);
+[[nodiscard]] std::string_view GetPathWithoutTop(std::string_view path);
 
 // Gets the filename of the path
-std::string_view GetFilename(std::string_view path);
+[[nodiscard]] std::string_view GetFilename(std::string_view path);
 
 // Gets the extension of the filename
-std::string_view GetExtensionFromFilename(std::string_view name);
+[[nodiscard]] std::string_view GetExtensionFromFilename(std::string_view name);
 
 // Removes the final '/' or '\' if one exists
-std::string_view RemoveTrailingSlash(std::string_view path);
+[[nodiscard]] std::string_view RemoveTrailingSlash(std::string_view path);
 
 // Creates a new vector containing indices [first, last) from the original.
 template <typename T>
-std::vector<T> SliceVector(const std::vector<T>& vector, std::size_t first, std::size_t last) {
-    if (first >= last)
+[[nodiscard]] std::vector<T> SliceVector(const std::vector<T>& vector, std::size_t first,
+                                         std::size_t last) {
+    if (first >= last) {
         return {};
+    }
     last = std::min<std::size_t>(last, vector.size());
     return std::vector<T>(vector.begin() + first, vector.begin() + first + last);
 }
 
-enum class DirectorySeparator { ForwardSlash, BackwardSlash, PlatformDefault };
+enum class DirectorySeparator {
+    ForwardSlash,
+    BackwardSlash,
+    PlatformDefault,
+};
 
 // Removes trailing slash, makes all '\\' into '/', and removes duplicate '/'. Makes '/' into '\\'
 // depending if directory_separator is BackwardSlash or PlatformDefault and running on windows
-std::string SanitizePath(std::string_view path,
-                         DirectorySeparator directory_separator = DirectorySeparator::ForwardSlash);
+[[nodiscard]] std::string SanitizePath(
+    std::string_view path,
+    DirectorySeparator directory_separator = DirectorySeparator::ForwardSlash);
 
 // simple wrapper for cstdlib file functions to
 // hopefully will make error checking easier
@@ -215,7 +222,7 @@ public:
 
     void Swap(IOFile& other) noexcept;
 
-    bool Open(const std::string& filename, const char openmode[], int flags = 0);
+    [[nodiscard]] bool Open(const std::string& filename, const char openmode[], int flags = 0);
     bool Close();
 
     template <typename T>
@@ -256,13 +263,13 @@ public:
         return WriteArray(str.data(), str.length());
     }
 
-    bool IsOpen() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] bool IsOpen() const {
         return nullptr != m_file;
     }
 
     bool Seek(s64 off, int origin) const;
-    u64 Tell() const;
-    u64 GetSize() const;
+    [[nodiscard]] u64 Tell() const;
+    [[nodiscard]] u64 GetSize() const;
     bool Resize(u64 size);
     bool Flush();
 

src/common/hash.h

@@ -5,36 +5,11 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <cstddef>
-#include <cstring>
 #include <utility>
 #include <boost/functional/hash.hpp>
-#include "common/cityhash.h"
-#include "common/common_types.h"
 
 namespace Common {
 
-/**
- * Computes a 64-bit hash over the specified block of data
- * @param data Block of data to compute hash over
- * @param len Length of data (in bytes) to compute hash over
- * @returns 64-bit hash value that was computed over the data block
- */
-static inline u64 ComputeHash64(const void* data, std::size_t len) {
-    return CityHash64(static_cast<const char*>(data), len);
-}
-
-/**
- * Computes a 64-bit hash of a struct. In addition to being trivially copyable, it is also critical
- * that either the struct includes no padding, or that any padding is initialized to a known value
- * by memsetting the struct to 0 before filling it in.
- */
-template <typename T>
-static inline u64 ComputeStructHash64(const T& data) {
-    static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable_v<T>,
-                  "Type passed to ComputeStructHash64 must be trivially copyable");
-    return ComputeHash64(&data, sizeof(data));
-}
-
 struct PairHash {
     template <class T1, class T2>
     std::size_t operator()(const std::pair<T1, T2>& pair) const noexcept {

src/common/hex_util.cpp

@@ -3,21 +3,9 @@
 // Refer to the license.txt file included.
 
 #include "common/hex_util.h"
-#include "common/logging/log.h"
 
 namespace Common {
 
-u8 ToHexNibble(char c1) {
-    if (c1 >= 65 && c1 <= 70)
-        return c1 - 55;
-    if (c1 >= 97 && c1 <= 102)
-        return c1 - 87;
-    if (c1 >= 48 && c1 <= 57)
-        return c1 - 48;
-    LOG_ERROR(Common, "Invalid hex digit: 0x{:02X}", c1);
-    return 0;
-}
-
 std::vector<u8> HexStringToVector(std::string_view str, bool little_endian) {
     std::vector<u8> out(str.size() / 2);
     if (little_endian) {
@@ -30,26 +18,4 @@ std::vector<u8> HexStringToVector(std::string_view str, bool little_endian) {
     return out;
 }
 
-std::array<u8, 16> operator""_array16(const char* str, std::size_t len) {
-    if (len != 32) {
-        LOG_ERROR(Common,
-                  "Attempting to parse string to array that is not of correct size (expected=32, "
-                  "actual={}).",
-                  len);
-        return {};
-    }
-    return HexStringToArray<16>(str);
-}
-
-std::array<u8, 32> operator""_array32(const char* str, std::size_t len) {
-    if (len != 64) {
-        LOG_ERROR(Common,
-                  "Attempting to parse string to array that is not of correct size (expected=64, "
-                  "actual={}).",
-                  len);
-        return {};
-    }
-    return HexStringToArray<32>(str);
-}
-
 } // namespace Common

src/common/hex_util.h

@@ -14,25 +14,37 @@
 
 namespace Common {
 
-u8 ToHexNibble(char c1);
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr u8 ToHexNibble(char c) {
+    if (c >= 65 && c <= 70) {
+        return c - 55;
+    }
 
-std::vector<u8> HexStringToVector(std::string_view str, bool little_endian);
+    if (c >= 97 && c <= 102) {
+        return c - 87;
+    }
+
+    return c - 48;
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] std::vector<u8> HexStringToVector(std::string_view str, bool little_endian);
 
 template <std::size_t Size, bool le = false>
-std::array<u8, Size> HexStringToArray(std::string_view str) {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr std::array<u8, Size> HexStringToArray(std::string_view str) {
     std::array<u8, Size> out{};
     if constexpr (le) {
-        for (std::size_t i = 2 * Size - 2; i <= 2 * Size; i -= 2)
+        for (std::size_t i = 2 * Size - 2; i <= 2 * Size; i -= 2) {
             out[i / 2] = (ToHexNibble(str[i]) << 4) | ToHexNibble(str[i + 1]);
+        }
     } else {
-        for (std::size_t i = 0; i < 2 * Size; i += 2)
+        for (std::size_t i = 0; i < 2 * Size; i += 2) {
             out[i / 2] = (ToHexNibble(str[i]) << 4) | ToHexNibble(str[i + 1]);
+        }
     }
     return out;
 }
 
 template <typename ContiguousContainer>
-std::string HexToString(const ContiguousContainer& data, bool upper = true) {
+[[nodiscard]] std::string HexToString(const ContiguousContainer& data, bool upper = true) {
     static_assert(std::is_same_v<typename ContiguousContainer::value_type, u8>,
                   "Underlying type within the contiguous container must be u8.");
 
@@ -48,7 +60,12 @@ std::string HexToString(const ContiguousContainer& data, bool upper = true) {
     return out;
 }
 
-std::array<u8, 0x10> operator"" _array16(const char* str, std::size_t len);
-std::array<u8, 0x20> operator"" _array32(const char* str, std::size_t len);
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr std::array<u8, 16> AsArray(const char (&data)[17]) {
+    return HexStringToArray<16>(data);
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr std::array<u8, 32> AsArray(const char (&data)[65]) {
+    return HexStringToArray<32>(data);
+}
 
 } // namespace Common

src/common/logging/backend.cpp

@@ -113,19 +113,19 @@ private:
     Entry CreateEntry(Class log_class, Level log_level, const char* filename, unsigned int line_nr,
                       const char* function, std::string message) const {
         using std::chrono::duration_cast;
+        using std::chrono::microseconds;
         using std::chrono::steady_clock;
 
-        Entry entry;
-        entry.timestamp =
-            duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds>(steady_clock::now() - time_origin);
-        entry.log_class = log_class;
-        entry.log_level = log_level;
-        entry.filename = filename;
-        entry.line_num = line_nr;
-        entry.function = function;
-        entry.message = std::move(message);
-
-        return entry;
+        return {
+            .timestamp = duration_cast<microseconds>(steady_clock::now() - time_origin),
+            .log_class = log_class,
+            .log_level = log_level,
+            .filename = filename,
+            .line_num = line_nr,
+            .function = function,
+            .message = std::move(message),
+            .final_entry = false,
+        };
     }
 
     std::mutex writing_mutex;

src/common/logging/backend.h

@@ -21,19 +21,13 @@ class Filter;
  */
 struct Entry {
     std::chrono::microseconds timestamp;
-    Class log_class;
-    Level log_level;
-    const char* filename;
-    unsigned int line_num;
+    Class log_class{};
+    Level log_level{};
+    const char* filename = nullptr;
+    unsigned int line_num = 0;
     std::string function;
     std::string message;
     bool final_entry = false;
-
-    Entry() = default;
-    Entry(Entry&& o) = default;
-
-    Entry& operator=(Entry&& o) = default;
-    Entry& operator=(const Entry& o) = default;
 };
 
 /**

src/common/lz4_compression.cpp

@@ -14,19 +14,19 @@ std::vector<u8> CompressDataLZ4(const u8* source, std::size_t source_size) {
     ASSERT_MSG(source_size <= LZ4_MAX_INPUT_SIZE, "Source size exceeds LZ4 maximum input size");
 
     const auto source_size_int = static_cast<int>(source_size);
-    const int max_compressed_size = LZ4_compressBound(source_size_int);
+    const auto max_compressed_size = static_cast<std::size_t>(LZ4_compressBound(source_size_int));
     std::vector<u8> compressed(max_compressed_size);
 
-    const int compressed_size = LZ4_compress_default(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(source),
-                                                     reinterpret_cast<char*>(compressed.data()),
-                                                     source_size_int, max_compressed_size);
+    const int compressed_size = LZ4_compress_default(
+        reinterpret_cast<const char*>(source), reinterpret_cast<char*>(compressed.data()),
+        source_size_int, static_cast<int>(max_compressed_size));
 
     if (compressed_size <= 0) {
         // Compression failed
         return {};
     }
 
-    compressed.resize(compressed_size);
+    compressed.resize(static_cast<std::size_t>(compressed_size));
 
     return compressed;
 }
@@ -38,19 +38,19 @@ std::vector<u8> CompressDataLZ4HC(const u8* source, std::size_t source_size,
     compression_level = std::clamp(compression_level, LZ4HC_CLEVEL_MIN, LZ4HC_CLEVEL_MAX);
 
     const auto source_size_int = static_cast<int>(source_size);
-    const int max_compressed_size = LZ4_compressBound(source_size_int);
+    const auto max_compressed_size = static_cast<std::size_t>(LZ4_compressBound(source_size_int));
     std::vector<u8> compressed(max_compressed_size);
 
     const int compressed_size = LZ4_compress_HC(
         reinterpret_cast<const char*>(source), reinterpret_cast<char*>(compressed.data()),
-        source_size_int, max_compressed_size, compression_level);
+        source_size_int, static_cast<int>(max_compressed_size), compression_level);
 
     if (compressed_size <= 0) {
         // Compression failed
         return {};
     }
 
-    compressed.resize(compressed_size);
+    compressed.resize(static_cast<std::size_t>(compressed_size));
 
     return compressed;
 }

src/common/lz4_compression.h

@@ -13,12 +13,12 @@ namespace Common::Compression {
 /**
  * Compresses a source memory region with LZ4 and returns the compressed data in a vector.
  *
- * @param source the uncompressed source memory region.
- * @param source_size the size in bytes of the uncompressed source memory region.
+ * @param source      The uncompressed source memory region.
+ * @param source_size The size of the uncompressed source memory region.
  *
  * @return the compressed data.
  */
-std::vector<u8> CompressDataLZ4(const u8* source, std::size_t source_size);
+[[nodiscard]] std::vector<u8> CompressDataLZ4(const u8* source, std::size_t source_size);
 
 /**
  * Utilizes the LZ4 subalgorithm LZ4HC with the specified compression level. Higher compression
@@ -26,23 +26,24 @@ std::vector<u8> CompressDataLZ4(const u8* source, std::size_t source_size);
  * compression level has almost no impact on decompression speed. Data compressed with LZ4HC can
  * also be decompressed with the default LZ4 decompression.
  *
- * @param source the uncompressed source memory region.
- * @param source_size the size in bytes of the uncompressed source memory region.
- * @param compression_level the used compression level. Should be between 3 and 12.
+ * @param source            The uncompressed source memory region.
+ * @param source_size       The size of the uncompressed source memory region.
+ * @param compression_level The used compression level. Should be between 3 and 12.
  *
  * @return the compressed data.
  */
-std::vector<u8> CompressDataLZ4HC(const u8* source, std::size_t source_size, s32 compression_level);
+[[nodiscard]] std::vector<u8> CompressDataLZ4HC(const u8* source, std::size_t source_size,
+                                                s32 compression_level);
 
 /**
  * Utilizes the LZ4 subalgorithm LZ4HC with the highest possible compression level.
  *
- * @param source the uncompressed source memory region.
- * @param source_size the size in bytes of the uncompressed source memory region.
+ * @param source      The uncompressed source memory region.
+ * @param source_size The size of the uncompressed source memory region
  *
  * @return the compressed data.
  */
-std::vector<u8> CompressDataLZ4HCMax(const u8* source, std::size_t source_size);
+[[nodiscard]] std::vector<u8> CompressDataLZ4HCMax(const u8* source, std::size_t source_size);
 
 /**
  * Decompresses a source memory region with LZ4 and returns the uncompressed data in a vector.
@@ -52,6 +53,7 @@ std::vector<u8> CompressDataLZ4HCMax(const u8* source, std::size_t source_size);
  *
  * @return the decompressed data.
  */
-std::vector<u8> DecompressDataLZ4(const std::vector<u8>& compressed, std::size_t uncompressed_size);
+[[nodiscard]] std::vector<u8> DecompressDataLZ4(const std::vector<u8>& compressed,
+                                                std::size_t uncompressed_size);
 
 } // namespace Common::Compression

src/common/math_util.h

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ struct Rectangle {
     constexpr Rectangle(T left, T top, T right, T bottom)
         : left(left), top(top), right(right), bottom(bottom) {}
 
-    T GetWidth() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] T GetWidth() const {
         if constexpr (std::is_floating_point_v<T>) {
             return std::abs(right - left);
         } else {
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ struct Rectangle {
         }
     }
 
-    T GetHeight() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] T GetHeight() const {
         if constexpr (std::is_floating_point_v<T>) {
             return std::abs(bottom - top);
         } else {
@@ -39,21 +39,21 @@ struct Rectangle {
         }
     }
 
-    Rectangle<T> TranslateX(const T x) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] Rectangle<T> TranslateX(const T x) const {
         return Rectangle{left + x, top, right + x, bottom};
     }
 
-    Rectangle<T> TranslateY(const T y) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] Rectangle<T> TranslateY(const T y) const {
         return Rectangle{left, top + y, right, bottom + y};
     }
 
-    Rectangle<T> Scale(const float s) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] Rectangle<T> Scale(const float s) const {
         return Rectangle{left, top, static_cast<T>(left + GetWidth() * s),
                          static_cast<T>(top + GetHeight() * s)};
     }
 };
 
 template <typename T>
-Rectangle(T, T, T, T)->Rectangle<T>;
+Rectangle(T, T, T, T) -> Rectangle<T>;
 
 } // namespace Common

src/common/memory_detect.h

@@ -17,6 +17,6 @@ struct MemoryInfo {
  * Gets the memory info of the host system
  * @return Reference to a MemoryInfo struct with the physical and swap memory sizes in bytes
  */
-const MemoryInfo& GetMemInfo();
+[[nodiscard]] const MemoryInfo& GetMemInfo();
 
 } // namespace Common

src/common/multi_level_queue.h

@@ -223,15 +223,15 @@ public:
         ListShiftForward(levels[priority], n);
     }
 
-    std::size_t depth() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] std::size_t depth() const {
         return Depth;
     }
 
-    std::size_t size(u32 priority) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] std::size_t size(u32 priority) const {
         return levels[priority].size();
     }
 
-    std::size_t size() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] std::size_t size() const {
         u64 priorities = used_priorities;
         std::size_t size = 0;
         while (priorities != 0) {
@@ -242,64 +242,64 @@ public:
         return size;
     }
 
-    bool empty() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] bool empty() const {
         return used_priorities == 0;
     }
 
-    bool empty(u32 priority) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] bool empty(u32 priority) const {
         return (used_priorities & (1ULL << priority)) == 0;
     }
 
-    u32 highest_priority_set(u32 max_priority = 0) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] u32 highest_priority_set(u32 max_priority = 0) const {
         const u64 priorities =
             max_priority == 0 ? used_priorities : (used_priorities & ~((1ULL << max_priority) - 1));
         return priorities == 0 ? Depth : static_cast<u32>(CountTrailingZeroes64(priorities));
     }
 
-    u32 lowest_priority_set(u32 min_priority = Depth - 1) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] u32 lowest_priority_set(u32 min_priority = Depth - 1) const {
         const u64 priorities = min_priority >= Depth - 1
                                    ? used_priorities
                                    : (used_priorities & ((1ULL << (min_priority + 1)) - 1));
         return priorities == 0 ? Depth : 63 - CountLeadingZeroes64(priorities);
     }
 
-    const_iterator cbegin(u32 max_prio = 0) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] const_iterator cbegin(u32 max_prio = 0) const {
         const u32 priority = highest_priority_set(max_prio);
         return priority == Depth ? cend()
                                  : const_iterator{*this, levels[priority].cbegin(), priority};
     }
-    const_iterator begin(u32 max_prio = 0) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] const_iterator begin(u32 max_prio = 0) const {
         return cbegin(max_prio);
     }
-    iterator begin(u32 max_prio = 0) {
+    [[nodiscard]] iterator begin(u32 max_prio = 0) {
         const u32 priority = highest_priority_set(max_prio);
         return priority == Depth ? end() : iterator{*this, levels[priority].begin(), priority};
     }
 
-    const_iterator cend(u32 min_prio = Depth - 1) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] const_iterator cend(u32 min_prio = Depth - 1) const {
         return min_prio == Depth - 1 ? const_iterator{*this, Depth} : cbegin(min_prio + 1);
     }
-    const_iterator end(u32 min_prio = Depth - 1) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] const_iterator end(u32 min_prio = Depth - 1) const {
         return cend(min_prio);
     }
-    iterator end(u32 min_prio = Depth - 1) {
+    [[nodiscard]] iterator end(u32 min_prio = Depth - 1) {
         return min_prio == Depth - 1 ? iterator{*this, Depth} : begin(min_prio + 1);
     }
 
-    T& front(u32 max_priority = 0) {
+    [[nodiscard]] T& front(u32 max_priority = 0) {
         const u32 priority = highest_priority_set(max_priority);
         return levels[priority == Depth ? 0 : priority].front();
     }
-    const T& front(u32 max_priority = 0) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] const T& front(u32 max_priority = 0) const {
         const u32 priority = highest_priority_set(max_priority);
         return levels[priority == Depth ? 0 : priority].front();
     }
 
-    T back(u32 min_priority = Depth - 1) {
+    [[nodiscard]] T& back(u32 min_priority = Depth - 1) {
         const u32 priority = lowest_priority_set(min_priority); // intended
         return levels[priority == Depth ? 63 : priority].back();
     }
-    const T& back(u32 min_priority = Depth - 1) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] const T& back(u32 min_priority = Depth - 1) const {
         const u32 priority = lowest_priority_set(min_priority); // intended
         return levels[priority == Depth ? 63 : priority].back();
     }
@@ -329,7 +329,8 @@ private:
         in_list.splice(position, out_list, element);
     }
 
-    static const_list_iterator ListIterateTo(const std::list<T>& list, const T& element) {
+    [[nodiscard]] static const_list_iterator ListIterateTo(const std::list<T>& list,
+                                                           const T& element) {
         auto it = list.cbegin();
         while (it != list.cend() && *it != element) {
             ++it;

src/common/page_table.h

@@ -36,11 +36,11 @@ struct SpecialRegion {
 
     MemoryHookPointer handler;
 
-    bool operator<(const SpecialRegion& other) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] bool operator<(const SpecialRegion& other) const {
         return std::tie(type, handler) < std::tie(other.type, other.handler);
     }
 
-    bool operator==(const SpecialRegion& other) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] bool operator==(const SpecialRegion& other) const {
         return std::tie(type, handler) == std::tie(other.type, other.handler);
     }
 };

src/common/param_package.h

@@ -24,14 +24,14 @@ public:
     ParamPackage& operator=(const ParamPackage& other) = default;
     ParamPackage& operator=(ParamPackage&& other) = default;
 
-    std::string Serialize() const;
-    std::string Get(const std::string& key, const std::string& default_value) const;
-    int Get(const std::string& key, int default_value) const;
-    float Get(const std::string& key, float default_value) const;
+    [[nodiscard]] std::string Serialize() const;
+    [[nodiscard]] std::string Get(const std::string& key, const std::string& default_value) const;
+    [[nodiscard]] int Get(const std::string& key, int default_value) const;
+    [[nodiscard]] float Get(const std::string& key, float default_value) const;
     void Set(const std::string& key, std::string value);
     void Set(const std::string& key, int value);
     void Set(const std::string& key, float value);
-    bool Has(const std::string& key) const;
+    [[nodiscard]] bool Has(const std::string& key) const;
     void Erase(const std::string& key);
     void Clear();
 

src/common/quaternion.h

@@ -14,35 +14,36 @@ public:
     Vec3<T> xyz;
     T w{};
 
-    Quaternion<decltype(-T{})> Inverse() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] Quaternion<decltype(-T{})> Inverse() const {
         return {-xyz, w};
     }
 
-    Quaternion<decltype(T{} + T{})> operator+(const Quaternion& other) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] Quaternion<decltype(T{} + T{})> operator+(const Quaternion& other) const {
         return {xyz + other.xyz, w + other.w};
     }
 
-    Quaternion<decltype(T{} - T{})> operator-(const Quaternion& other) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] Quaternion<decltype(T{} - T{})> operator-(const Quaternion& other) const {
         return {xyz - other.xyz, w - other.w};
     }
 
-    Quaternion<decltype(T{} * T{} - T{} * T{})> operator*(const Quaternion& other) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] Quaternion<decltype(T{} * T{} - T{} * T{})> operator*(
+        const Quaternion& other) const {
         return {xyz * other.w + other.xyz * w + Cross(xyz, other.xyz),
                 w * other.w - Dot(xyz, other.xyz)};
     }
 
-    Quaternion<T> Normalized() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] Quaternion<T> Normalized() const {
         T length = std::sqrt(xyz.Length2() + w * w);
         return {xyz / length, w / length};
     }
 };
 
 template <typename T>
-auto QuaternionRotate(const Quaternion<T>& q, const Vec3<T>& v) {
+[[nodiscard]] auto QuaternionRotate(const Quaternion<T>& q, const Vec3<T>& v) {
     return v + 2 * Cross(q.xyz, Cross(q.xyz, v) + v * q.w);
 }
 
-inline Quaternion<float> MakeQuaternion(const Vec3<float>& axis, float angle) {
+[[nodiscard]] inline Quaternion<float> MakeQuaternion(const Vec3<float>& axis, float angle) {
     return {axis * std::sin(angle / 2), std::cos(angle / 2)};
 }
 

src/common/ring_buffer.h

@@ -91,12 +91,12 @@ public:
     }
 
     /// @returns Number of slots used
-    std::size_t Size() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] std::size_t Size() const {
         return m_write_index.load() - m_read_index.load();
     }
 
     /// @returns Maximum size of ring buffer
-    constexpr std::size_t Capacity() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr std::size_t Capacity() const {
         return capacity;
     }
 

src/common/spin_lock.h

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ class SpinLock {
 public:
     void lock();
     void unlock();
-    bool try_lock();
+    [[nodiscard]] bool try_lock();
 
 private:
     std::atomic_flag lck = ATOMIC_FLAG_INIT;

src/common/string_util.h

@@ -12,19 +12,19 @@
 namespace Common {
 
 /// Make a string lowercase
-std::string ToLower(std::string str);
+[[nodiscard]] std::string ToLower(std::string str);
 
 /// Make a string uppercase
-std::string ToUpper(std::string str);
+[[nodiscard]] std::string ToUpper(std::string str);
 
-std::string StringFromBuffer(const std::vector<u8>& data);
+[[nodiscard]] std::string StringFromBuffer(const std::vector<u8>& data);
 
-std::string StripSpaces(const std::string& s);
-std::string StripQuotes(const std::string& s);
+[[nodiscard]] std::string StripSpaces(const std::string& s);
+[[nodiscard]] std::string StripQuotes(const std::string& s);
 
-std::string StringFromBool(bool value);
+[[nodiscard]] std::string StringFromBool(bool value);
 
-std::string TabsToSpaces(int tab_size, std::string in);
+[[nodiscard]] std::string TabsToSpaces(int tab_size, std::string in);
 
 void SplitString(const std::string& str, char delim, std::vector<std::string>& output);
 
@@ -34,14 +34,15 @@ bool SplitPath(const std::string& full_path, std::string* _pPath, std::string* _
 
 void BuildCompleteFilename(std::string& _CompleteFilename, const std::string& _Path,
                            const std::string& _Filename);
-std::string ReplaceAll(std::string result, const std::string& src, const std::string& dest);
+[[nodiscard]] std::string ReplaceAll(std::string result, const std::string& src,
+                                     const std::string& dest);
 
-std::string UTF16ToUTF8(const std::u16string& input);
-std::u16string UTF8ToUTF16(const std::string& input);
+[[nodiscard]] std::string UTF16ToUTF8(const std::u16string& input);
+[[nodiscard]] std::u16string UTF8ToUTF16(const std::string& input);
 
 #ifdef _WIN32
-std::string UTF16ToUTF8(const std::wstring& input);
-std::wstring UTF8ToUTF16W(const std::string& str);
+[[nodiscard]] std::string UTF16ToUTF8(const std::wstring& input);
+[[nodiscard]] std::wstring UTF8ToUTF16W(const std::string& str);
 
 #endif
 
@@ -50,7 +51,7 @@ std::wstring UTF8ToUTF16W(const std::string& str);
  * `other` for equality.
  */
 template <typename InIt>
-bool ComparePartialString(InIt begin, InIt end, const char* other) {
+[[nodiscard]] bool ComparePartialString(InIt begin, InIt end, const char* other) {
     for (; begin != end && *other != '\0'; ++begin, ++other) {
         if (*begin != *other) {
             return false;
@@ -64,14 +65,15 @@ bool ComparePartialString(InIt begin, InIt end, const char* other) {
  * Creates a std::string from a fixed-size NUL-terminated char buffer. If the buffer isn't
  * NUL-terminated then the string ends at max_len characters.
  */
-std::string StringFromFixedZeroTerminatedBuffer(const char* buffer, std::size_t max_len);
+[[nodiscard]] std::string StringFromFixedZeroTerminatedBuffer(const char* buffer,
+                                                              std::size_t max_len);
 
 /**
  * Creates a UTF-16 std::u16string from a fixed-size NUL-terminated char buffer. If the buffer isn't
  * null-terminated, then the string ends at the greatest multiple of two less then or equal to
  * max_len_bytes.
  */
-std::u16string UTF16StringFromFixedZeroTerminatedBuffer(std::u16string_view buffer,
-                                                        std::size_t max_len);
+[[nodiscard]] std::u16string UTF16StringFromFixedZeroTerminatedBuffer(std::u16string_view buffer,
+                                                                      std::size_t max_len);
 
 } // namespace Common

src/common/telemetry.h

@@ -63,30 +63,30 @@ public:
 
     void Accept(VisitorInterface& visitor) const override;
 
-    const std::string& GetName() const override {
+    [[nodiscard]] const std::string& GetName() const override {
         return name;
     }
 
     /**
      * Returns the type of the field.
      */
-    FieldType GetType() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] FieldType GetType() const {
         return type;
     }
 
     /**
      * Returns the value of the field.
      */
-    const T& GetValue() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] const T& GetValue() const {
         return value;
     }
 
-    bool operator==(const Field& other) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] bool operator==(const Field& other) const {
         return (type == other.type) && (name == other.name) && (value == other.value);
     }
 
-    bool operator!=(const Field& other) const {
-        return !(*this == other);
+    [[nodiscard]] bool operator!=(const Field& other) const {
+        return !operator==(other);
     }
 
 private:

src/common/thread_queue_list.h

@@ -18,14 +18,14 @@ struct ThreadQueueList {
     using Priority = unsigned int;
 
     // Number of priority levels. (Valid levels are [0..NUM_QUEUES).)
-    static const Priority NUM_QUEUES = N;
+    static constexpr Priority NUM_QUEUES = N;
 
     ThreadQueueList() {
         first = nullptr;
     }
 
     // Only for debugging, returns priority level.
-    Priority contains(const T& uid) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] Priority contains(const T& uid) const {
         for (Priority i = 0; i < NUM_QUEUES; ++i) {
             const Queue& cur = queues[i];
             if (std::find(cur.data.cbegin(), cur.data.cend(), uid) != cur.data.cend()) {
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ struct ThreadQueueList {
         return -1;
     }
 
-    T get_first() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] T get_first() const {
         const Queue* cur = first;
         while (cur != nullptr) {
             if (!cur->data.empty()) {
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ struct ThreadQueueList {
     }
 
     template <typename UnaryPredicate>
-    T get_first_filter(UnaryPredicate filter) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] T get_first_filter(UnaryPredicate filter) const {
         const Queue* cur = first;
         while (cur != nullptr) {
             if (!cur->data.empty()) {
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ struct ThreadQueueList {
         first = nullptr;
     }
 
-    bool empty(Priority priority) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] bool empty(Priority priority) const {
         const Queue* cur = &queues[priority];
         return cur->data.empty();
     }

src/common/threadsafe_queue.h

@@ -25,15 +25,15 @@ public:
         delete read_ptr;
     }
 
-    std::size_t Size() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] std::size_t Size() const {
         return size.load();
     }
 
-    bool Empty() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] bool Empty() const {
         return Size() == 0;
     }
 
-    T& Front() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] T& Front() const {
         return read_ptr->current;
     }
 
@@ -130,15 +130,15 @@ private:
 template <typename T>
 class MPSCQueue {
 public:
-    std::size_t Size() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] std::size_t Size() const {
         return spsc_queue.Size();
     }
 
-    bool Empty() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] bool Empty() const {
         return spsc_queue.Empty();
     }
 
-    T& Front() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] T& Front() const {
         return spsc_queue.Front();
     }
 

src/common/time_zone.h

@@ -10,9 +10,9 @@
 namespace Common::TimeZone {
 
 /// Gets the default timezone, i.e. "GMT"
-std::string GetDefaultTimeZone();
+[[nodiscard]] std::string GetDefaultTimeZone();
 
 /// Gets the offset of the current timezone (from the default), in seconds
-std::chrono::seconds GetCurrentOffsetSeconds();
+[[nodiscard]] std::chrono::seconds GetCurrentOffsetSeconds();
 
 } // namespace Common::TimeZone

src/common/timer.h

@@ -19,18 +19,18 @@ public:
 
     // The time difference is always returned in milliseconds, regardless of alternative internal
     // representation
-    std::chrono::milliseconds GetTimeDifference();
+    [[nodiscard]] std::chrono::milliseconds GetTimeDifference();
     void AddTimeDifference();
 
-    static std::chrono::seconds GetTimeSinceJan1970();
-    static std::chrono::seconds GetLocalTimeSinceJan1970();
-    static double GetDoubleTime();
+    [[nodiscard]] static std::chrono::seconds GetTimeSinceJan1970();
+    [[nodiscard]] static std::chrono::seconds GetLocalTimeSinceJan1970();
+    [[nodiscard]] static double GetDoubleTime();
 
-    static std::string GetTimeFormatted();
-    std::string GetTimeElapsedFormatted() const;
-    std::chrono::milliseconds GetTimeElapsed();
+    [[nodiscard]] static std::string GetTimeFormatted();
+    [[nodiscard]] std::string GetTimeElapsedFormatted() const;
+    [[nodiscard]] std::chrono::milliseconds GetTimeElapsed();
 
-    static std::chrono::milliseconds GetTimeMs();
+    [[nodiscard]] static std::chrono::milliseconds GetTimeMs();
 
 private:
     std::chrono::milliseconds m_LastTime;

src/common/uint128.h

@@ -10,13 +10,13 @@
 namespace Common {
 
 // This function multiplies 2 u64 values and divides it by a u64 value.
-u64 MultiplyAndDivide64(u64 a, u64 b, u64 d);
+[[nodiscard]] u64 MultiplyAndDivide64(u64 a, u64 b, u64 d);
 
 // This function multiplies 2 u64 values and produces a u128 value;
-u128 Multiply64Into128(u64 a, u64 b);
+[[nodiscard]] u128 Multiply64Into128(u64 a, u64 b);
 
 // This function divides a u128 by a u32 value and produces two u64 values:
 // the result of division and the remainder
-std::pair<u64, u64> Divide128On32(u128 dividend, u32 divisor);
+[[nodiscard]] std::pair<u64, u64> Divide128On32(u128 dividend, u32 divisor);
 
 } // namespace Common

src/common/uuid.h

@@ -19,21 +19,21 @@ struct UUID {
     constexpr explicit UUID(const u128& id) : uuid{id} {}
     constexpr explicit UUID(const u64 lo, const u64 hi) : uuid{{lo, hi}} {}
 
-    constexpr explicit operator bool() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr explicit operator bool() const {
         return uuid[0] != INVALID_UUID[0] && uuid[1] != INVALID_UUID[1];
     }
 
-    constexpr bool operator==(const UUID& rhs) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr bool operator==(const UUID& rhs) const {
         // TODO(DarkLordZach): Replace with uuid == rhs.uuid with C++20
         return uuid[0] == rhs.uuid[0] && uuid[1] == rhs.uuid[1];
     }
 
-    constexpr bool operator!=(const UUID& rhs) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr bool operator!=(const UUID& rhs) const {
         return !operator==(rhs);
     }
 
     // TODO(ogniK): Properly generate uuids based on RFC-4122
-    static UUID Generate();
+    [[nodiscard]] static UUID Generate();
 
     // Set the UUID to {0,0} to be considered an invalid user
     constexpr void Invalidate() {
@@ -41,12 +41,12 @@ struct UUID {
     }
 
     // TODO(ogniK): Properly generate a Nintendo ID
-    constexpr u64 GetNintendoID() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr u64 GetNintendoID() const {
         return uuid[0];
     }
 
-    std::string Format() const;
-    std::string FormatSwitch() const;
+    [[nodiscard]] std::string Format() const;
+    [[nodiscard]] std::string FormatSwitch() const;
 };
 static_assert(sizeof(UUID) == 16, "UUID is an invalid size!");
 

src/common/vector_math.h

@@ -52,15 +52,15 @@ public:
     constexpr Vec2(const T& x_, const T& y_) : x(x_), y(y_) {}
 
     template <typename T2>
-    constexpr Vec2<T2> Cast() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec2<T2> Cast() const {
         return Vec2<T2>(static_cast<T2>(x), static_cast<T2>(y));
     }
 
-    static constexpr Vec2 AssignToAll(const T& f) {
+    [[nodiscard]] static constexpr Vec2 AssignToAll(const T& f) {
         return Vec2{f, f};
     }
 
-    constexpr Vec2<decltype(T{} + T{})> operator+(const Vec2& other) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec2<decltype(T{} + T{})> operator+(const Vec2& other) const {
         return {x + other.x, y + other.y};
     }
     constexpr Vec2& operator+=(const Vec2& other) {
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ public:
         y += other.y;
         return *this;
     }
-    constexpr Vec2<decltype(T{} - T{})> operator-(const Vec2& other) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec2<decltype(T{} - T{})> operator-(const Vec2& other) const {
         return {x - other.x, y - other.y};
     }
     constexpr Vec2& operator-=(const Vec2& other) {
@@ -78,15 +78,15 @@ public:
     }
 
     template <typename U = T>
-    constexpr Vec2<std::enable_if_t<std::is_signed_v<U>, U>> operator-() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec2<std::enable_if_t<std::is_signed_v<U>, U>> operator-() const {
         return {-x, -y};
     }
-    constexpr Vec2<decltype(T{} * T{})> operator*(const Vec2& other) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec2<decltype(T{} * T{})> operator*(const Vec2& other) const {
         return {x * other.x, y * other.y};
     }
 
     template <typename V>
-    constexpr Vec2<decltype(T{} * V{})> operator*(const V& f) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec2<decltype(T{} * V{})> operator*(const V& f) const {
         return {x * f, y * f};
     }
 
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ public:
     }
 
     template <typename V>
-    constexpr Vec2<decltype(T{} / V{})> operator/(const V& f) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec2<decltype(T{} / V{})> operator/(const V& f) const {
         return {x / f, y / f};
     }
 
@@ -107,18 +107,18 @@ public:
         return *this;
     }
 
-    constexpr T Length2() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr T Length2() const {
         return x * x + y * y;
     }
 
     // Only implemented for T=float
-    float Length() const;
-    float Normalize(); // returns the previous length, which is often useful
+    [[nodiscard]] float Length() const;
+    [[nodiscard]] float Normalize(); // returns the previous length, which is often useful
 
-    constexpr T& operator[](std::size_t i) {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr T& operator[](std::size_t i) {
         return *((&x) + i);
     }
-    constexpr const T& operator[](std::size_t i) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr const T& operator[](std::size_t i) const {
         return *((&x) + i);
     }
 
@@ -128,46 +128,46 @@ public:
     }
 
     // Common aliases: UV (texel coordinates), ST (texture coordinates)
-    constexpr T& u() {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr T& u() {
         return x;
     }
-    constexpr T& v() {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr T& v() {
         return y;
     }
-    constexpr T& s() {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr T& s() {
         return x;
     }
-    constexpr T& t() {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr T& t() {
         return y;
     }
 
-    constexpr const T& u() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr const T& u() const {
         return x;
     }
-    constexpr const T& v() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr const T& v() const {
         return y;
     }
-    constexpr const T& s() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr const T& s() const {
         return x;
     }
-    constexpr const T& t() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr const T& t() const {
         return y;
     }
 
     // swizzlers - create a subvector of specific components
-    constexpr Vec2 yx() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec2 yx() const {
         return Vec2(y, x);
     }
-    constexpr Vec2 vu() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec2 vu() const {
         return Vec2(y, x);
     }
-    constexpr Vec2 ts() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec2 ts() const {
         return Vec2(y, x);
     }
 };
 
 template <typename T, typename V>
-constexpr Vec2<T> operator*(const V& f, const Vec2<T>& vec) {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec2<T> operator*(const V& f, const Vec2<T>& vec) {
     return Vec2<T>(f * vec.x, f * vec.y);
 }
 
@@ -196,15 +196,15 @@ public:
     constexpr Vec3(const T& x_, const T& y_, const T& z_) : x(x_), y(y_), z(z_) {}
 
     template <typename T2>
-    constexpr Vec3<T2> Cast() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec3<T2> Cast() const {
         return Vec3<T2>(static_cast<T2>(x), static_cast<T2>(y), static_cast<T2>(z));
     }
 
-    static constexpr Vec3 AssignToAll(const T& f) {
+    [[nodiscard]] static constexpr Vec3 AssignToAll(const T& f) {
         return Vec3(f, f, f);
     }
 
-    constexpr Vec3<decltype(T{} + T{})> operator+(const Vec3& other) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec3<decltype(T{} + T{})> operator+(const Vec3& other) const {
         return {x + other.x, y + other.y, z + other.z};
     }
 
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ public:
         return *this;
     }
 
-    constexpr Vec3<decltype(T{} - T{})> operator-(const Vec3& other) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec3<decltype(T{} - T{})> operator-(const Vec3& other) const {
         return {x - other.x, y - other.y, z - other.z};
     }
 
@@ -227,16 +227,16 @@ public:
     }
 
     template <typename U = T>
-    constexpr Vec3<std::enable_if_t<std::is_signed_v<U>, U>> operator-() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec3<std::enable_if_t<std::is_signed_v<U>, U>> operator-() const {
         return {-x, -y, -z};
     }
 
-    constexpr Vec3<decltype(T{} * T{})> operator*(const Vec3& other) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec3<decltype(T{} * T{})> operator*(const Vec3& other) const {
         return {x * other.x, y * other.y, z * other.z};
     }
 
     template <typename V>
-    constexpr Vec3<decltype(T{} * V{})> operator*(const V& f) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec3<decltype(T{} * V{})> operator*(const V& f) const {
         return {x * f, y * f, z * f};
     }
 
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ public:
         return *this;
     }
     template <typename V>
-    constexpr Vec3<decltype(T{} / V{})> operator/(const V& f) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec3<decltype(T{} / V{})> operator/(const V& f) const {
         return {x / f, y / f, z / f};
     }
 
@@ -256,20 +256,20 @@ public:
         return *this;
     }
 
-    constexpr T Length2() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr T Length2() const {
         return x * x + y * y + z * z;
     }
 
     // Only implemented for T=float
-    float Length() const;
-    Vec3 Normalized() const;
-    float Normalize(); // returns the previous length, which is often useful
+    [[nodiscard]] float Length() const;
+    [[nodiscard]] Vec3 Normalized() const;
+    [[nodiscard]] float Normalize(); // returns the previous length, which is often useful
 
-    constexpr T& operator[](std::size_t i) {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr T& operator[](std::size_t i) {
         return *((&x) + i);
     }
 
-    constexpr const T& operator[](std::size_t i) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr const T& operator[](std::size_t i) const {
         return *((&x) + i);
     }
 
@@ -280,63 +280,63 @@ public:
     }
 
     // Common aliases: UVW (texel coordinates), RGB (colors), STQ (texture coordinates)
-    constexpr T& u() {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr T& u() {
         return x;
     }
-    constexpr T& v() {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr T& v() {
         return y;
     }
-    constexpr T& w() {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr T& w() {
         return z;
     }
 
-    constexpr T& r() {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr T& r() {
         return x;
     }
-    constexpr T& g() {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr T& g() {
         return y;
     }
-    constexpr T& b() {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr T& b() {
         return z;
     }
 
-    constexpr T& s() {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr T& s() {
         return x;
     }
-    constexpr T& t() {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr T& t() {
         return y;
     }
-    constexpr T& q() {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr T& q() {
         return z;
     }
 
-    constexpr const T& u() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr const T& u() const {
         return x;
     }
-    constexpr const T& v() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr const T& v() const {
         return y;
     }
-    constexpr const T& w() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr const T& w() const {
         return z;
     }
 
-    constexpr const T& r() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr const T& r() const {
         return x;
     }
-    constexpr const T& g() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr const T& g() const {
         return y;
     }
-    constexpr const T& b() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr const T& b() const {
         return z;
     }
 
-    constexpr const T& s() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr const T& s() const {
         return x;
     }
-    constexpr const T& t() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr const T& t() const {
         return y;
     }
-    constexpr const T& q() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr const T& q() const {
         return z;
     }
 
@@ -345,7 +345,7 @@ public:
 // _DEFINE_SWIZZLER2 defines a single such function, DEFINE_SWIZZLER2 defines all of them for all
 // component names (x<->r) and permutations (xy<->yx)
 #define _DEFINE_SWIZZLER2(a, b, name)                                                              \
-    constexpr Vec2<T> name() const {                                                               \
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec2<T> name() const {                                                 \
         return Vec2<T>(a, b);                                                                      \
     }
 #define DEFINE_SWIZZLER2(a, b, a2, b2, a3, b3, a4, b4)                                             \
@@ -366,7 +366,7 @@ public:
 };
 
 template <typename T, typename V>
-constexpr Vec3<T> operator*(const V& f, const Vec3<T>& vec) {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec3<T> operator*(const V& f, const Vec3<T>& vec) {
     return Vec3<T>(f * vec.x, f * vec.y, f * vec.z);
 }
 
@@ -402,16 +402,16 @@ public:
         : x(x_), y(y_), z(z_), w(w_) {}
 
     template <typename T2>
-    constexpr Vec4<T2> Cast() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec4<T2> Cast() const {
         return Vec4<T2>(static_cast<T2>(x), static_cast<T2>(y), static_cast<T2>(z),
                         static_cast<T2>(w));
     }
 
-    static constexpr Vec4 AssignToAll(const T& f) {
+    [[nodiscard]] static constexpr Vec4 AssignToAll(const T& f) {
         return Vec4(f, f, f, f);
     }
 
-    constexpr Vec4<decltype(T{} + T{})> operator+(const Vec4& other) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec4<decltype(T{} + T{})> operator+(const Vec4& other) const {
         return {x + other.x, y + other.y, z + other.z, w + other.w};
     }
 
@@ -423,7 +423,7 @@ public:
         return *this;
     }
 
-    constexpr Vec4<decltype(T{} - T{})> operator-(const Vec4& other) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec4<decltype(T{} - T{})> operator-(const Vec4& other) const {
         return {x - other.x, y - other.y, z - other.z, w - other.w};
     }
 
@@ -436,16 +436,16 @@ public:
     }
 
     template <typename U = T>
-    constexpr Vec4<std::enable_if_t<std::is_signed_v<U>, U>> operator-() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec4<std::enable_if_t<std::is_signed_v<U>, U>> operator-() const {
         return {-x, -y, -z, -w};
     }
 
-    constexpr Vec4<decltype(T{} * T{})> operator*(const Vec4& other) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec4<decltype(T{} * T{})> operator*(const Vec4& other) const {
         return {x * other.x, y * other.y, z * other.z, w * other.w};
     }
 
     template <typename V>
-    constexpr Vec4<decltype(T{} * V{})> operator*(const V& f) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec4<decltype(T{} * V{})> operator*(const V& f) const {
         return {x * f, y * f, z * f, w * f};
     }
 
@@ -456,7 +456,7 @@ public:
     }
 
     template <typename V>
-    constexpr Vec4<decltype(T{} / V{})> operator/(const V& f) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec4<decltype(T{} / V{})> operator/(const V& f) const {
         return {x / f, y / f, z / f, w / f};
     }
 
@@ -466,15 +466,15 @@ public:
         return *this;
     }
 
-    constexpr T Length2() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr T Length2() const {
         return x * x + y * y + z * z + w * w;
     }
 
-    constexpr T& operator[](std::size_t i) {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr T& operator[](std::size_t i) {
         return *((&x) + i);
     }
 
-    constexpr const T& operator[](std::size_t i) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr const T& operator[](std::size_t i) const {
         return *((&x) + i);
     }
 
@@ -486,29 +486,29 @@ public:
     }
 
     // Common alias: RGBA (colors)
-    constexpr T& r() {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr T& r() {
         return x;
     }
-    constexpr T& g() {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr T& g() {
         return y;
     }
-    constexpr T& b() {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr T& b() {
         return z;
     }
-    constexpr T& a() {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr T& a() {
         return w;
     }
 
-    constexpr const T& r() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr const T& r() const {
         return x;
     }
-    constexpr const T& g() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr const T& g() const {
         return y;
     }
-    constexpr const T& b() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr const T& b() const {
         return z;
     }
-    constexpr const T& a() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr const T& a() const {
         return w;
     }
 
@@ -520,7 +520,7 @@ public:
 // DEFINE_SWIZZLER2_COMP2 defines two component functions for all component names (x<->r) and
 // permutations (xy<->yx)
 #define _DEFINE_SWIZZLER2(a, b, name)                                                              \
-    constexpr Vec2<T> name() const {                                                               \
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec2<T> name() const {                                                 \
         return Vec2<T>(a, b);                                                                      \
     }
 #define DEFINE_SWIZZLER2_COMP1(a, a2)                                                              \
@@ -547,7 +547,7 @@ public:
 #undef _DEFINE_SWIZZLER2
 
 #define _DEFINE_SWIZZLER3(a, b, c, name)                                                           \
-    constexpr Vec3<T> name() const {                                                               \
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec3<T> name() const {                                                 \
         return Vec3<T>(a, b, c);                                                                   \
     }
 #define DEFINE_SWIZZLER3_COMP1(a, a2)                                                              \
@@ -581,7 +581,7 @@ public:
 };
 
 template <typename T, typename V>
-constexpr Vec4<decltype(V{} * T{})> operator*(const V& f, const Vec4<T>& vec) {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec4<decltype(V{} * T{})> operator*(const V& f, const Vec4<T>& vec) {
     return {f * vec.x, f * vec.y, f * vec.z, f * vec.w};
 }
 
@@ -593,39 +593,41 @@ constexpr decltype(T{} * T{} + T{} * T{}) Dot(const Vec2<T>& a, const Vec2<T>& b
 }
 
 template <typename T>
-constexpr decltype(T{} * T{} + T{} * T{}) Dot(const Vec3<T>& a, const Vec3<T>& b) {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr decltype(T{} * T{} + T{} * T{}) Dot(const Vec3<T>& a, const Vec3<T>& b) {
     return a.x * b.x + a.y * b.y + a.z * b.z;
 }
 
 template <typename T>
-constexpr decltype(T{} * T{} + T{} * T{}) Dot(const Vec4<T>& a, const Vec4<T>& b) {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr decltype(T{} * T{} + T{} * T{}) Dot(const Vec4<T>& a, const Vec4<T>& b) {
     return a.x * b.x + a.y * b.y + a.z * b.z + a.w * b.w;
 }
 
 template <typename T>
-constexpr Vec3<decltype(T{} * T{} - T{} * T{})> Cross(const Vec3<T>& a, const Vec3<T>& b) {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec3<decltype(T{} * T{} - T{} * T{})> Cross(const Vec3<T>& a,
+                                                                    const Vec3<T>& b) {
     return {a.y * b.z - a.z * b.y, a.z * b.x - a.x * b.z, a.x * b.y - a.y * b.x};
 }
 
 // linear interpolation via float: 0.0=begin, 1.0=end
 template <typename X>
-constexpr decltype(X{} * float{} + X{} * float{}) Lerp(const X& begin, const X& end,
-                                                       const float t) {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr decltype(X{} * float{} + X{} * float{}) Lerp(const X& begin, const X& end,
+                                                                     const float t) {
     return begin * (1.f - t) + end * t;
 }
 
 // linear interpolation via int: 0=begin, base=end
 template <typename X, int base>
-constexpr decltype((X{} * int{} + X{} * int{}) / base) LerpInt(const X& begin, const X& end,
-                                                               const int t) {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr decltype((X{} * int{} + X{} * int{}) / base) LerpInt(const X& begin,
+                                                                             const X& end,
+                                                                             const int t) {
     return (begin * (base - t) + end * t) / base;
 }
 
 // bilinear interpolation. s is for interpolating x00-x01 and x10-x11, and t is for the second
 // interpolation.
 template <typename X>
-constexpr auto BilinearInterp(const X& x00, const X& x01, const X& x10, const X& x11, const float s,
-                              const float t) {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr auto BilinearInterp(const X& x00, const X& x01, const X& x10, const X& x11,
+                                            const float s, const float t) {
     auto y0 = Lerp(x00, x01, s);
     auto y1 = Lerp(x10, x11, s);
     return Lerp(y0, y1, t);
@@ -633,42 +635,42 @@ constexpr auto BilinearInterp(const X& x00, const X& x01, const X& x10, const X&
 
 // Utility vector factories
 template <typename T>
-constexpr Vec2<T> MakeVec(const T& x, const T& y) {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec2<T> MakeVec(const T& x, const T& y) {
     return Vec2<T>{x, y};
 }
 
 template <typename T>
-constexpr Vec3<T> MakeVec(const T& x, const T& y, const T& z) {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec3<T> MakeVec(const T& x, const T& y, const T& z) {
     return Vec3<T>{x, y, z};
 }
 
 template <typename T>
-constexpr Vec4<T> MakeVec(const T& x, const T& y, const Vec2<T>& zw) {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec4<T> MakeVec(const T& x, const T& y, const Vec2<T>& zw) {
     return MakeVec(x, y, zw[0], zw[1]);
 }
 
 template <typename T>
-constexpr Vec3<T> MakeVec(const Vec2<T>& xy, const T& z) {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec3<T> MakeVec(const Vec2<T>& xy, const T& z) {
     return MakeVec(xy[0], xy[1], z);
 }
 
 template <typename T>
-constexpr Vec3<T> MakeVec(const T& x, const Vec2<T>& yz) {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec3<T> MakeVec(const T& x, const Vec2<T>& yz) {
     return MakeVec(x, yz[0], yz[1]);
 }
 
 template <typename T>
-constexpr Vec4<T> MakeVec(const T& x, const T& y, const T& z, const T& w) {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec4<T> MakeVec(const T& x, const T& y, const T& z, const T& w) {
     return Vec4<T>{x, y, z, w};
 }
 
 template <typename T>
-constexpr Vec4<T> MakeVec(const Vec2<T>& xy, const T& z, const T& w) {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec4<T> MakeVec(const Vec2<T>& xy, const T& z, const T& w) {
     return MakeVec(xy[0], xy[1], z, w);
 }
 
 template <typename T>
-constexpr Vec4<T> MakeVec(const T& x, const Vec2<T>& yz, const T& w) {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec4<T> MakeVec(const T& x, const Vec2<T>& yz, const T& w) {
     return MakeVec(x, yz[0], yz[1], w);
 }
 
@@ -676,17 +678,17 @@ constexpr Vec4<T> MakeVec(const T& x, const Vec2<T>& yz, const T& w) {
 //       Even if someone wanted to use an odd object like Vec2<Vec2<T>>, the compiler would error
 //       out soon enough due to misuse of the returned structure.
 template <typename T>
-constexpr Vec4<T> MakeVec(const Vec2<T>& xy, const Vec2<T>& zw) {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec4<T> MakeVec(const Vec2<T>& xy, const Vec2<T>& zw) {
     return MakeVec(xy[0], xy[1], zw[0], zw[1]);
 }
 
 template <typename T>
-constexpr Vec4<T> MakeVec(const Vec3<T>& xyz, const T& w) {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec4<T> MakeVec(const Vec3<T>& xyz, const T& w) {
     return MakeVec(xyz[0], xyz[1], xyz[2], w);
 }
 
 template <typename T>
-constexpr Vec4<T> MakeVec(const T& x, const Vec3<T>& yzw) {
+[[nodiscard]] constexpr Vec4<T> MakeVec(const T& x, const Vec3<T>& yzw) {
     return MakeVec(x, yzw[0], yzw[1], yzw[2]);
 }
 

src/common/virtual_buffer.cpp

@@ -5,16 +5,7 @@
 #ifdef _WIN32
 #include <windows.h>
 #else
-#include <stdio.h>
 #include <sys/mman.h>
-#include <sys/types.h>
-#if defined __APPLE__ || defined __FreeBSD__ || defined __OpenBSD__
-#include <sys/sysctl.h>
-#elif defined __HAIKU__
-#include <OS.h>
-#else
-#include <sys/sysinfo.h>
-#endif
 #endif
 
 #include "common/assert.h"

src/common/virtual_buffer.h

@@ -30,23 +30,23 @@ public:
         base_ptr = reinterpret_cast<T*>(AllocateMemoryPages(alloc_size));
     }
 
-    constexpr const T& operator[](std::size_t index) const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr const T& operator[](std::size_t index) const {
         return base_ptr[index];
     }
 
-    constexpr T& operator[](std::size_t index) {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr T& operator[](std::size_t index) {
         return base_ptr[index];
     }
 
-    constexpr T* data() {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr T* data() {
         return base_ptr;
     }
 
-    constexpr const T* data() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr const T* data() const {
         return base_ptr;
     }
 
-    constexpr std::size_t size() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] constexpr std::size_t size() const {
         return alloc_size / sizeof(T);
     }
 

src/common/wall_clock.h

@@ -14,24 +14,24 @@ namespace Common {
 class WallClock {
 public:
     /// Returns current wall time in nanoseconds
-    virtual std::chrono::nanoseconds GetTimeNS() = 0;
+    [[nodiscard]] virtual std::chrono::nanoseconds GetTimeNS() = 0;
 
     /// Returns current wall time in microseconds
-    virtual std::chrono::microseconds GetTimeUS() = 0;
+    [[nodiscard]] virtual std::chrono::microseconds GetTimeUS() = 0;
 
     /// Returns current wall time in milliseconds
-    virtual std::chrono::milliseconds GetTimeMS() = 0;
+    [[nodiscard]] virtual std::chrono::milliseconds GetTimeMS() = 0;
 
     /// Returns current wall time in emulated clock cycles
-    virtual u64 GetClockCycles() = 0;
+    [[nodiscard]] virtual u64 GetClockCycles() = 0;
 
     /// Returns current wall time in emulated cpu cycles
-    virtual u64 GetCPUCycles() = 0;
+    [[nodiscard]] virtual u64 GetCPUCycles() = 0;
 
     virtual void Pause(bool is_paused) = 0;
 
     /// Tells if the wall clock, uses the host CPU's hardware clock
-    bool IsNative() const {
+    [[nodiscard]] bool IsNative() const {
         return is_native;
     }
 
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ private:
     bool is_native;
 };
 
-std::unique_ptr<WallClock> CreateBestMatchingClock(u32 emulated_cpu_frequency,
-                                                   u32 emulated_clock_frequency);
+[[nodiscard]] std::unique_ptr<WallClock> CreateBestMatchingClock(u32 emulated_cpu_frequency,
+                                                                 u32 emulated_clock_frequency);
 
 } // namespace Common

src/common/zstd_compression.cpp

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <zstd.h>
 
-#include "common/assert.h"
 #include "common/zstd_compression.h"
 
 namespace Common::Compression {

src/common/zstd_compression.h

@@ -13,24 +13,25 @@ namespace Common::Compression {
 /**
  * Compresses a source memory region with Zstandard and returns the compressed data in a vector.
  *
- * @param source the uncompressed source memory region.
- * @param source_size the size in bytes of the uncompressed source memory region.
- * @param compression_level the used compression level. Should be between 1 and 22.
+ * @param source            The uncompressed source memory region.
+ * @param source_size       The size of the uncompressed source memory region.
+ * @param compression_level The used compression level. Should be between 1 and 22.
  *
  * @return the compressed data.
  */
-std::vector<u8> CompressDataZSTD(const u8* source, std::size_t source_size, s32 compression_level);
+[[nodiscard]] std::vector<u8> CompressDataZSTD(const u8* source, std::size_t source_size,
+                                               s32 compression_level);
 
 /**
  * Compresses a source memory region with Zstandard with the default compression level and returns
  * the compressed data in a vector.
  *
- * @param source the uncompressed source memory region.
- * @param source_size the size in bytes of the uncompressed source memory region.
+ * @param source      The uncompressed source memory region.
+ * @param source_size The size of the uncompressed source memory region.
  *
  * @return the compressed data.
  */
-std::vector<u8> CompressDataZSTDDefault(const u8* source, std::size_t source_size);
+[[nodiscard]] std::vector<u8> CompressDataZSTDDefault(const u8* source, std::size_t source_size);
 
 /**
  * Decompresses a source memory region with Zstandard and returns the uncompressed data in a vector.
@@ -39,6 +40,6 @@ std::vector<u8> CompressDataZSTDDefault(const u8* source, std::size_t source_siz
  *
  * @return the decompressed data.
  */
-std::vector<u8> DecompressDataZSTD(const std::vector<u8>& compressed);
+[[nodiscard]] std::vector<u8> DecompressDataZSTD(const std::vector<u8>& compressed);
 
 } // namespace Common::Compression

src/core/crypto/aes_util.cpp

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 // Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
 // Refer to the license.txt file included.
 
+#include <array>
 #include <mbedtls/cipher.h>
 #include "common/assert.h"
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
@@ -10,8 +11,10 @@
 
 namespace Core::Crypto {
 namespace {
-std::vector<u8> CalculateNintendoTweak(std::size_t sector_id) {
-    std::vector<u8> out(0x10);
+using NintendoTweak = std::array<u8, 16>;
+
+NintendoTweak CalculateNintendoTweak(std::size_t sector_id) {
+    NintendoTweak out{};
     for (std::size_t i = 0xF; i <= 0xF; --i) {
         out[i] = sector_id & 0xFF;
         sector_id >>= 8;
@@ -63,13 +66,6 @@ AESCipher<Key, KeySize>::~AESCipher() {
     mbedtls_cipher_free(&ctx->decryption_context);
 }
 
-template <typename Key, std::size_t KeySize>
-void AESCipher<Key, KeySize>::SetIV(std::vector<u8> iv) {
-    ASSERT_MSG((mbedtls_cipher_set_iv(&ctx->encryption_context, iv.data(), iv.size()) ||
-                mbedtls_cipher_set_iv(&ctx->decryption_context, iv.data(), iv.size())) == 0,
-               "Failed to set IV on mbedtls ciphers.");
-}
-
 template <typename Key, std::size_t KeySize>
 void AESCipher<Key, KeySize>::Transcode(const u8* src, std::size_t size, u8* dest, Op op) const {
     auto* const context = op == Op::Encrypt ? &ctx->encryption_context : &ctx->decryption_context;
@@ -124,6 +120,13 @@ void AESCipher<Key, KeySize>::XTSTranscode(const u8* src, std::size_t size, u8*
     }
 }
 
+template <typename Key, std::size_t KeySize>
+void AESCipher<Key, KeySize>::SetIVImpl(const u8* data, std::size_t size) {
+    ASSERT_MSG((mbedtls_cipher_set_iv(&ctx->encryption_context, data, size) ||
+                mbedtls_cipher_set_iv(&ctx->decryption_context, data, size)) == 0,
+               "Failed to set IV on mbedtls ciphers.");
+}
+
 template class AESCipher<Key128>;
 template class AESCipher<Key256>;
 } // namespace Core::Crypto

src/core/crypto/aes_util.h

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
 
 #include <memory>
 #include <type_traits>
-#include <vector>
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/vfs.h"
 
@@ -32,10 +31,12 @@ class AESCipher {
 
 public:
     AESCipher(Key key, Mode mode);
-
     ~AESCipher();
 
-    void SetIV(std::vector<u8> iv);
+    template <typename ContiguousContainer>
+    void SetIV(const ContiguousContainer& container) {
+        SetIVImpl(std::data(container), std::size(container));
+    }
 
     template <typename Source, typename Dest>
     void Transcode(const Source* src, std::size_t size, Dest* dest, Op op) const {
@@ -59,6 +60,8 @@ public:
                       std::size_t sector_size, Op op);
 
 private:
+    void SetIVImpl(const u8* data, std::size_t size);
+
     std::unique_ptr<CipherContext> ctx;
 };
 } // namespace Core::Crypto

src/core/crypto/ctr_encryption_layer.cpp

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 // Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
 // Refer to the license.txt file included.
 
+#include <algorithm>
 #include <cstring>
 #include "common/assert.h"
 #include "core/crypto/ctr_encryption_layer.h"
@@ -10,8 +11,7 @@ namespace Core::Crypto {
 
 CTREncryptionLayer::CTREncryptionLayer(FileSys::VirtualFile base_, Key128 key_,
                                        std::size_t base_offset)
-    : EncryptionLayer(std::move(base_)), base_offset(base_offset), cipher(key_, Mode::CTR),
-      iv(16, 0) {}
+    : EncryptionLayer(std::move(base_)), base_offset(base_offset), cipher(key_, Mode::CTR) {}
 
 std::size_t CTREncryptionLayer::Read(u8* data, std::size_t length, std::size_t offset) const {
     if (length == 0)
@@ -39,9 +39,8 @@ std::size_t CTREncryptionLayer::Read(u8* data, std::size_t length, std::size_t o
     return read + Read(data + read, length - read, offset + read);
 }
 
-void CTREncryptionLayer::SetIV(const std::vector<u8>& iv_) {
-    const auto length = std::min(iv_.size(), iv.size());
-    iv.assign(iv_.cbegin(), iv_.cbegin() + length);
+void CTREncryptionLayer::SetIV(const IVData& iv_) {
+    iv = iv_;
 }
 
 void CTREncryptionLayer::UpdateIV(std::size_t offset) const {

src/core/crypto/ctr_encryption_layer.h

@@ -4,7 +4,8 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
-#include <vector>
+#include <array>
+
 #include "core/crypto/aes_util.h"
 #include "core/crypto/encryption_layer.h"
 #include "core/crypto/key_manager.h"
@@ -14,18 +15,20 @@ namespace Core::Crypto {
 // Sits on top of a VirtualFile and provides CTR-mode AES decription.
 class CTREncryptionLayer : public EncryptionLayer {
 public:
+    using IVData = std::array<u8, 16>;
+
     CTREncryptionLayer(FileSys::VirtualFile base, Key128 key, std::size_t base_offset);
 
     std::size_t Read(u8* data, std::size_t length, std::size_t offset) const override;
 
-    void SetIV(const std::vector<u8>& iv);
+    void SetIV(const IVData& iv);
 
 private:
     std::size_t base_offset;
 
     // Must be mutable as operations modify cipher contexts.
     mutable AESCipher<Key128> cipher;
-    mutable std::vector<u8> iv;
+    mutable IVData iv{};
 
     void UpdateIV(std::size_t offset) const;
 };

src/core/crypto/key_manager.cpp

@@ -40,12 +40,14 @@ namespace Core::Crypto {
 constexpr u64 CURRENT_CRYPTO_REVISION = 0x5;
 constexpr u64 FULL_TICKET_SIZE = 0x400;
 
-using namespace Common;
+using Common::AsArray;
 
-const std::array<SHA256Hash, 2> eticket_source_hashes{
-    "B71DB271DC338DF380AA2C4335EF8873B1AFD408E80B3582D8719FC81C5E511C"_array32, // eticket_rsa_kek_source
-    "E8965A187D30E57869F562D04383C996DE487BBA5761363D2D4D32391866A85C"_array32, // eticket_rsa_kekek_source
+// clang-format off
+constexpr std::array eticket_source_hashes{
+    AsArray("B71DB271DC338DF380AA2C4335EF8873B1AFD408E80B3582D8719FC81C5E511C"), // eticket_rsa_kek_source
+    AsArray("E8965A187D30E57869F562D04383C996DE487BBA5761363D2D4D32391866A85C"), // eticket_rsa_kekek_source
 };
+// clang-format on
 
 const std::map<std::pair<S128KeyType, u64>, std::string> KEYS_VARIABLE_LENGTH{
     {{S128KeyType::Master, 0}, "master_key_"},

src/core/crypto/partition_data_manager.cpp

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 #include "core/file_sys/vfs_offset.h"
 #include "core/file_sys/vfs_vector.h"
 
-using namespace Common;
+using Common::AsArray;
 
 namespace Core::Crypto {
 
@@ -47,105 +47,123 @@ struct Package2Header {
 };
 static_assert(sizeof(Package2Header) == 0x200, "Package2Header has incorrect size.");
 
-const std::array<SHA256Hash, 0x10> source_hashes{
-    "B24BD293259DBC7AC5D63F88E60C59792498E6FC5443402C7FFE87EE8B61A3F0"_array32, // keyblob_mac_key_source
-    "7944862A3A5C31C6720595EFD302245ABD1B54CCDCF33000557681E65C5664A4"_array32, // master_key_source
-    "21E2DF100FC9E094DB51B47B9B1D6E94ED379DB8B547955BEF8FE08D8DD35603"_array32, // package2_key_source
-    "FC02B9D37B42D7A1452E71444F1F700311D1132E301A83B16062E72A78175085"_array32, // aes_kek_generation_source
-    "FBD10056999EDC7ACDB96098E47E2C3606230270D23281E671F0F389FC5BC585"_array32, // aes_key_generation_source
-    "C48B619827986C7F4E3081D59DB2B460C84312650E9A8E6B458E53E8CBCA4E87"_array32, // titlekek_source
-    "04AD66143C726B2A139FB6B21128B46F56C553B2B3887110304298D8D0092D9E"_array32, // key_area_key_application_source
-    "FD434000C8FF2B26F8E9A9D2D2C12F6BE5773CBB9DC86300E1BD99F8EA33A417"_array32, // key_area_key_ocean_source
-    "1F17B1FD51AD1C2379B58F152CA4912EC2106441E51722F38700D5937A1162F7"_array32, // key_area_key_system_source
-    "6B2ED877C2C52334AC51E59ABFA7EC457F4A7D01E46291E9F2EAA45F011D24B7"_array32, // sd_card_kek_source
-    "D482743563D3EA5DCDC3B74E97C9AC8A342164FA041A1DC80F17F6D31E4BC01C"_array32, // sd_card_save_key_source
-    "2E751CECF7D93A2B957BD5FFCB082FD038CC2853219DD3092C6DAB9838F5A7CC"_array32, // sd_card_nca_key_source
-    "1888CAED5551B3EDE01499E87CE0D86827F80820EFB275921055AA4E2ABDFFC2"_array32, // header_kek_source
-    "8F783E46852DF6BE0BA4E19273C4ADBAEE16380043E1B8C418C4089A8BD64AA6"_array32, // header_key_source
-    "D1757E52F1AE55FA882EC690BC6F954AC46A83DC22F277F8806BD55577C6EED7"_array32, // rsa_kek_seed3
-    "FC02B9D37B42D7A1452E71444F1F700311D1132E301A83B16062E72A78175085"_array32, // rsa_kek_mask0
+// clang-format off
+constexpr std::array source_hashes{
+    AsArray("B24BD293259DBC7AC5D63F88E60C59792498E6FC5443402C7FFE87EE8B61A3F0"), // keyblob_mac_key_source
+    AsArray("7944862A3A5C31C6720595EFD302245ABD1B54CCDCF33000557681E65C5664A4"), // master_key_source
+    AsArray("21E2DF100FC9E094DB51B47B9B1D6E94ED379DB8B547955BEF8FE08D8DD35603"), // package2_key_source
+    AsArray("FC02B9D37B42D7A1452E71444F1F700311D1132E301A83B16062E72A78175085"), // aes_kek_generation_source
+    AsArray("FBD10056999EDC7ACDB96098E47E2C3606230270D23281E671F0F389FC5BC585"), // aes_key_generation_source
+    AsArray("C48B619827986C7F4E3081D59DB2B460C84312650E9A8E6B458E53E8CBCA4E87"), // titlekek_source
+    AsArray("04AD66143C726B2A139FB6B21128B46F56C553B2B3887110304298D8D0092D9E"), // key_area_key_application_source
+    AsArray("FD434000C8FF2B26F8E9A9D2D2C12F6BE5773CBB9DC86300E1BD99F8EA33A417"), // key_area_key_ocean_source
+    AsArray("1F17B1FD51AD1C2379B58F152CA4912EC2106441E51722F38700D5937A1162F7"), // key_area_key_system_source
+    AsArray("6B2ED877C2C52334AC51E59ABFA7EC457F4A7D01E46291E9F2EAA45F011D24B7"), // sd_card_kek_source
+    AsArray("D482743563D3EA5DCDC3B74E97C9AC8A342164FA041A1DC80F17F6D31E4BC01C"), // sd_card_save_key_source
+    AsArray("2E751CECF7D93A2B957BD5FFCB082FD038CC2853219DD3092C6DAB9838F5A7CC"), // sd_card_nca_key_source
+    AsArray("1888CAED5551B3EDE01499E87CE0D86827F80820EFB275921055AA4E2ABDFFC2"), // header_kek_source
+    AsArray("8F783E46852DF6BE0BA4E19273C4ADBAEE16380043E1B8C418C4089A8BD64AA6"), // header_key_source
+    AsArray("D1757E52F1AE55FA882EC690BC6F954AC46A83DC22F277F8806BD55577C6EED7"), // rsa_kek_seed3
+    AsArray("FC02B9D37B42D7A1452E71444F1F700311D1132E301A83B16062E72A78175085"), // rsa_kek_mask0
 };
+// clang-format on
 
-const std::array<SHA256Hash, 0x20> keyblob_source_hashes{
-    "8A06FE274AC491436791FDB388BCDD3AB9943BD4DEF8094418CDAC150FD73786"_array32, // keyblob_key_source_00
-    "2D5CAEB2521FEF70B47E17D6D0F11F8CE2C1E442A979AD8035832C4E9FBCCC4B"_array32, // keyblob_key_source_01
-    "61C5005E713BAE780641683AF43E5F5C0E03671117F702F401282847D2FC6064"_array32, // keyblob_key_source_02
-    "8E9795928E1C4428E1B78F0BE724D7294D6934689C11B190943923B9D5B85903"_array32, // keyblob_key_source_03
-    "95FA33AF95AFF9D9B61D164655B32710ED8D615D46C7D6CC3CC70481B686B402"_array32, // keyblob_key_source_04
-    "3F5BE7B3C8B1ABD8C10B4B703D44766BA08730562C172A4FE0D6B866B3E2DB3E"_array32, // keyblob_key_source_05
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // keyblob_key_source_06
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // keyblob_key_source_07
+// clang-format off
+constexpr std::array keyblob_source_hashes{
+    AsArray("8A06FE274AC491436791FDB388BCDD3AB9943BD4DEF8094418CDAC150FD73786"), // keyblob_key_source_00
+    AsArray("2D5CAEB2521FEF70B47E17D6D0F11F8CE2C1E442A979AD8035832C4E9FBCCC4B"), // keyblob_key_source_01
+    AsArray("61C5005E713BAE780641683AF43E5F5C0E03671117F702F401282847D2FC6064"), // keyblob_key_source_02
+    AsArray("8E9795928E1C4428E1B78F0BE724D7294D6934689C11B190943923B9D5B85903"), // keyblob_key_source_03
+    AsArray("95FA33AF95AFF9D9B61D164655B32710ED8D615D46C7D6CC3CC70481B686B402"), // keyblob_key_source_04
+    AsArray("3F5BE7B3C8B1ABD8C10B4B703D44766BA08730562C172A4FE0D6B866B3E2DB3E"), // keyblob_key_source_05
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // keyblob_key_source_06
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // keyblob_key_source_07
 
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // keyblob_key_source_08
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // keyblob_key_source_09
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // keyblob_key_source_0A
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // keyblob_key_source_0B
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // keyblob_key_source_0C
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // keyblob_key_source_0D
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // keyblob_key_source_0E
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // keyblob_key_source_0F
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // keyblob_key_source_08
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // keyblob_key_source_09
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // keyblob_key_source_0A
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // keyblob_key_source_0B
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // keyblob_key_source_0C
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // keyblob_key_source_0D
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // keyblob_key_source_0E
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // keyblob_key_source_0F
 
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // keyblob_key_source_10
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // keyblob_key_source_11
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // keyblob_key_source_12
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // keyblob_key_source_13
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // keyblob_key_source_14
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // keyblob_key_source_15
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // keyblob_key_source_16
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // keyblob_key_source_17
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // keyblob_key_source_10
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // keyblob_key_source_11
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // keyblob_key_source_12
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // keyblob_key_source_13
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // keyblob_key_source_14
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // keyblob_key_source_15
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // keyblob_key_source_16
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // keyblob_key_source_17
 
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // keyblob_key_source_18
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // keyblob_key_source_19
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // keyblob_key_source_1A
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // keyblob_key_source_1B
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // keyblob_key_source_1C
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // keyblob_key_source_1D
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // keyblob_key_source_1E
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // keyblob_key_source_1F
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // keyblob_key_source_18
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // keyblob_key_source_19
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // keyblob_key_source_1A
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // keyblob_key_source_1B
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // keyblob_key_source_1C
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // keyblob_key_source_1D
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // keyblob_key_source_1E
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // keyblob_key_source_1F
 };
+// clang-format on
 
-const std::array<SHA256Hash, 0x20> master_key_hashes{
-    "0EE359BE3C864BB0782E1D70A718A0342C551EED28C369754F9C4F691BECF7CA"_array32, // master_key_00
-    "4FE707B7E4ABDAF727C894AAF13B1351BFE2AC90D875F73B2E20FA94B9CC661E"_array32, // master_key_01
-    "79277C0237A2252EC3DFAC1F7C359C2B3D121E9DB15BB9AB4C2B4408D2F3AE09"_array32, // master_key_02
-    "4F36C565D13325F65EE134073C6A578FFCB0008E02D69400836844EAB7432754"_array32, // master_key_03
-    "75FF1D95D26113550EE6FCC20ACB58E97EDEB3A2FF52543ED5AEC63BDCC3DA50"_array32, // master_key_04
-    "EBE2BCD6704673EC0F88A187BB2AD9F1CC82B718C389425941BDC194DC46B0DD"_array32, // master_key_05
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // master_key_06
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // master_key_07
+// clang-format off
+constexpr std::array master_key_hashes{
+    AsArray("0EE359BE3C864BB0782E1D70A718A0342C551EED28C369754F9C4F691BECF7CA"), // master_key_00
+    AsArray("4FE707B7E4ABDAF727C894AAF13B1351BFE2AC90D875F73B2E20FA94B9CC661E"), // master_key_01
+    AsArray("79277C0237A2252EC3DFAC1F7C359C2B3D121E9DB15BB9AB4C2B4408D2F3AE09"), // master_key_02
+    AsArray("4F36C565D13325F65EE134073C6A578FFCB0008E02D69400836844EAB7432754"), // master_key_03
+    AsArray("75FF1D95D26113550EE6FCC20ACB58E97EDEB3A2FF52543ED5AEC63BDCC3DA50"), // master_key_04
+    AsArray("EBE2BCD6704673EC0F88A187BB2AD9F1CC82B718C389425941BDC194DC46B0DD"), // master_key_05
+    AsArray("9497E6779F5D840F2BBA1DE4E95BA1D6F21EFC94717D5AE5CA37D7EC5BD37A19"), // master_key_06
+    AsArray("4EC96B8CB01B8DCE382149443430B2B6EBCB2983348AFA04A25E53609DABEDF6"), // master_key_07
 
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // master_key_08
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // master_key_09
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // master_key_0A
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // master_key_0B
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // master_key_0C
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // master_key_0D
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // master_key_0E
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // master_key_0F
+    AsArray("2998E2E23609BC2675FF062A2D64AF5B1B78DFF463B24119D64A1B64F01B2D51"), // master_key_08
+    AsArray("9D486A98067C44B37CF173D3BF577891EB6081FF6B4A166347D9DBBF7025076B"), // master_key_09
+    AsArray("4EC5A237A75A083A9C5F6CF615601522A7F822D06BD4BA32612C9CEBBB29BD45"), // master_key_0A
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // master_key_0B
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // master_key_0C
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // master_key_0D
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // master_key_0E
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // master_key_0F
 
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // master_key_10
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // master_key_11
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // master_key_12
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // master_key_13
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // master_key_14
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // master_key_15
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // master_key_16
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // master_key_17
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // master_key_10
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // master_key_11
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // master_key_12
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // master_key_13
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // master_key_14
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // master_key_15
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // master_key_16
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // master_key_17
 
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // master_key_18
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // master_key_19
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // master_key_1A
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // master_key_1B
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // master_key_1C
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // master_key_1D
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // master_key_1E
-    "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"_array32, // master_key_1F
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // master_key_18
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // master_key_19
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // master_key_1A
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // master_key_1B
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // master_key_1C
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // master_key_1D
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // master_key_1E
+    AsArray("0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"), // master_key_1F
 };
+// clang-format on
+
+static constexpr u8 CalculateMaxKeyblobSourceHash() {
+    const auto is_zero = [](const auto& data) {
+        // TODO: Replace with std::all_of whenever mingw decides to update their
+        //       libraries to include the constexpr variant of it.
+        for (const auto element : data) {
+            if (element != 0) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        return true;
+    };
 
-static u8 CalculateMaxKeyblobSourceHash() {
     for (s8 i = 0x1F; i >= 0; --i) {
-        if (keyblob_source_hashes[i] != SHA256Hash{})
+        if (!is_zero(keyblob_source_hashes[i])) {
             return static_cast<u8>(i + 1);
+        }
     }
 
     return 0;
@@ -346,10 +364,9 @@ FileSys::VirtualFile PartitionDataManager::GetPackage2Raw(Package2Type type) con
 }
 
 static bool AttemptDecrypt(const std::array<u8, 16>& key, Package2Header& header) {
-    const std::vector<u8> iv(header.header_ctr.begin(), header.header_ctr.end());
     Package2Header temp = header;
     AESCipher<Key128> cipher(key, Mode::CTR);
-    cipher.SetIV(iv);
+    cipher.SetIV(header.header_ctr);
     cipher.Transcode(&temp.header_ctr, sizeof(Package2Header) - 0x100, &temp.header_ctr,
                      Op::Decrypt);
     if (temp.magic == Common::MakeMagic('P', 'K', '2', '1')) {
@@ -388,7 +405,7 @@ void PartitionDataManager::DecryptPackage2(const std::array<Key128, 0x20>& packa
     auto c = a->ReadAllBytes();
 
     AESCipher<Key128> cipher(package2_keys[revision], Mode::CTR);
-    cipher.SetIV({header.section_ctr[1].begin(), header.section_ctr[1].end()});
+    cipher.SetIV(header.section_ctr[1]);
     cipher.Transcode(c.data(), c.size(), c.data(), Op::Decrypt);
 
     const auto ini_file = std::make_shared<FileSys::VectorVfsFile>(c);

src/core/file_sys/content_archive.cpp

@@ -495,9 +495,10 @@ VirtualFile NCA::Decrypt(const NCASectionHeader& s_header, VirtualFile in, u64 s
 
             auto out = std::make_shared<Core::Crypto::CTREncryptionLayer>(std::move(in), *key,
                                                                           starting_offset);
-            std::vector<u8> iv(16);
-            for (u8 i = 0; i < 8; ++i)
-                iv[i] = s_header.raw.section_ctr[0x8 - i - 1];
+            Core::Crypto::CTREncryptionLayer::IVData iv{};
+            for (std::size_t i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
+                iv[i] = s_header.raw.section_ctr[8 - i - 1];
+            }
             out->SetIV(iv);
             return std::static_pointer_cast<VfsFile>(out);
         }

src/core/file_sys/nca_patch.cpp

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 // Refer to the license.txt file included.
 
 #include <algorithm>
+#include <array>
 #include <cstddef>
 #include <cstring>
 
@@ -66,7 +67,7 @@ std::size_t BKTR::Read(u8* data, std::size_t length, std::size_t offset) const {
     Core::Crypto::AESCipher<Core::Crypto::Key128> cipher(key, Core::Crypto::Mode::CTR);
 
     // Calculate AES IV
-    std::vector<u8> iv(16);
+    std::array<u8, 16> iv{};
     auto subsection_ctr = subsection.ctr;
     auto offset_iv = section_offset + base_offset;
     for (std::size_t i = 0; i < section_ctr.size(); ++i)

src/core/file_sys/registered_cache.h

@@ -133,9 +133,9 @@ public:
     // Parsing function defines the conversion from raw file to NCA. If there are other steps
     // besides creating the NCA from the file (e.g. NAX0 on SD Card), that should go in a custom
     // parsing function.
-    explicit RegisteredCache(VirtualDir dir,
-                             ContentProviderParsingFunction parsing_function =
-                                 [](const VirtualFile& file, const NcaID& id) { return file; });
+    explicit RegisteredCache(
+        VirtualDir dir, ContentProviderParsingFunction parsing_function =
+                            [](const VirtualFile& file, const NcaID& id) { return file; });
     ~RegisteredCache() override;
 
     void Refresh() override;

src/core/frontend/emu_window.h

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ public:
 
     class Scoped {
     public:
-        explicit Scoped(GraphicsContext& context_) : context(context_) {
+        [[nodiscard]] explicit Scoped(GraphicsContext& context_) : context(context_) {
             context.MakeCurrent();
         }
         ~Scoped() {
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ public:
 
     /// Calls MakeCurrent on the context and calls DoneCurrent when the scope for the returned value
     /// ends
-    Scoped Acquire() {
+    [[nodiscard]] Scoped Acquire() {
         return Scoped{*this};
     }
 };

src/core/hle/ipc_helpers.h

@@ -229,6 +229,8 @@ inline void ResponseBuilder::Push(u32 value) {
 
 template <typename T>
 void ResponseBuilder::PushRaw(const T& value) {
+    static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable_v<T>,
+                  "It's undefined behavior to use memcpy with non-trivially copyable objects");
     std::memcpy(cmdbuf + index, &value, sizeof(T));
     index += (sizeof(T) + 3) / 4; // round up to word length
 }
@@ -384,6 +386,8 @@ inline s32 RequestParser::Pop() {
 
 template <typename T>
 void RequestParser::PopRaw(T& value) {
+    static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable_v<T>,
+                  "It's undefined behavior to use memcpy with non-trivially copyable objects");
     std::memcpy(&value, cmdbuf + index, sizeof(T));
     index += (sizeof(T) + 3) / 4; // round up to word length
 }

src/core/hle/kernel/address_arbiter.cpp

@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ ResultCode AddressArbiter::IncrementAndSignalToAddressIfEqual(VAddr address, s32
     do {
         current_value = monitor.ExclusiveRead32(current_core, address);
 
-        if (current_value != value) {
+        if (current_value != static_cast<u32>(value)) {
             return ERR_INVALID_STATE;
         }
         current_value++;

src/core/hle/kernel/hle_ipc.cpp

@@ -293,13 +293,15 @@ std::vector<u8> HLERequestContext::ReadBuffer(std::size_t buffer_index) const {
                            BufferDescriptorA()[buffer_index].Size()};
 
     if (is_buffer_a) {
-        ASSERT_OR_EXECUTE_MSG(BufferDescriptorA().size() > buffer_index, { return buffer; },
-                              "BufferDescriptorA invalid buffer_index {}", buffer_index);
+        ASSERT_OR_EXECUTE_MSG(
+            BufferDescriptorA().size() > buffer_index, { return buffer; },
+            "BufferDescriptorA invalid buffer_index {}", buffer_index);
         buffer.resize(BufferDescriptorA()[buffer_index].Size());
         memory.ReadBlock(BufferDescriptorA()[buffer_index].Address(), buffer.data(), buffer.size());
     } else {
-        ASSERT_OR_EXECUTE_MSG(BufferDescriptorX().size() > buffer_index, { return buffer; },
-                              "BufferDescriptorX invalid buffer_index {}", buffer_index);
+        ASSERT_OR_EXECUTE_MSG(
+            BufferDescriptorX().size() > buffer_index, { return buffer; },
+            "BufferDescriptorX invalid buffer_index {}", buffer_index);
         buffer.resize(BufferDescriptorX()[buffer_index].Size());
         memory.ReadBlock(BufferDescriptorX()[buffer_index].Address(), buffer.data(), buffer.size());
     }
@@ -324,16 +326,16 @@ std::size_t HLERequestContext::WriteBuffer(const void* buffer, std::size_t size,
     }
 
     if (is_buffer_b) {
-        ASSERT_OR_EXECUTE_MSG(BufferDescriptorB().size() > buffer_index &&
-                                  BufferDescriptorB()[buffer_index].Size() >= size,
-                              { return 0; }, "BufferDescriptorB is invalid, index={}, size={}",
-                              buffer_index, size);
+        ASSERT_OR_EXECUTE_MSG(
+            BufferDescriptorB().size() > buffer_index &&
+                BufferDescriptorB()[buffer_index].Size() >= size,
+            { return 0; }, "BufferDescriptorB is invalid, index={}, size={}", buffer_index, size);
         memory.WriteBlock(BufferDescriptorB()[buffer_index].Address(), buffer, size);
     } else {
-        ASSERT_OR_EXECUTE_MSG(BufferDescriptorC().size() > buffer_index &&
-                                  BufferDescriptorC()[buffer_index].Size() >= size,
-                              { return 0; }, "BufferDescriptorC is invalid, index={}, size={}",
-                              buffer_index, size);
+        ASSERT_OR_EXECUTE_MSG(
+            BufferDescriptorC().size() > buffer_index &&
+                BufferDescriptorC()[buffer_index].Size() >= size,
+            { return 0; }, "BufferDescriptorC is invalid, index={}, size={}", buffer_index, size);
         memory.WriteBlock(BufferDescriptorC()[buffer_index].Address(), buffer, size);
     }
 
@@ -344,12 +346,14 @@ std::size_t HLERequestContext::GetReadBufferSize(std::size_t buffer_index) const
     const bool is_buffer_a{BufferDescriptorA().size() > buffer_index &&
                            BufferDescriptorA()[buffer_index].Size()};
     if (is_buffer_a) {
-        ASSERT_OR_EXECUTE_MSG(BufferDescriptorA().size() > buffer_index, { return 0; },
-                              "BufferDescriptorA invalid buffer_index {}", buffer_index);
+        ASSERT_OR_EXECUTE_MSG(
+            BufferDescriptorA().size() > buffer_index, { return 0; },
+            "BufferDescriptorA invalid buffer_index {}", buffer_index);
         return BufferDescriptorA()[buffer_index].Size();
     } else {
-        ASSERT_OR_EXECUTE_MSG(BufferDescriptorX().size() > buffer_index, { return 0; },
-                              "BufferDescriptorX invalid buffer_index {}", buffer_index);
+        ASSERT_OR_EXECUTE_MSG(
+            BufferDescriptorX().size() > buffer_index, { return 0; },
+            "BufferDescriptorX invalid buffer_index {}", buffer_index);
         return BufferDescriptorX()[buffer_index].Size();
     }
 }
@@ -358,12 +362,14 @@ std::size_t HLERequestContext::GetWriteBufferSize(std::size_t buffer_index) cons
     const bool is_buffer_b{BufferDescriptorB().size() > buffer_index &&
                            BufferDescriptorB()[buffer_index].Size()};
     if (is_buffer_b) {
-        ASSERT_OR_EXECUTE_MSG(BufferDescriptorB().size() > buffer_index, { return 0; },
-                              "BufferDescriptorB invalid buffer_index {}", buffer_index);
+        ASSERT_OR_EXECUTE_MSG(
+            BufferDescriptorB().size() > buffer_index, { return 0; },
+            "BufferDescriptorB invalid buffer_index {}", buffer_index);
         return BufferDescriptorB()[buffer_index].Size();
     } else {
-        ASSERT_OR_EXECUTE_MSG(BufferDescriptorC().size() > buffer_index, { return 0; },
-                              "BufferDescriptorC invalid buffer_index {}", buffer_index);
+        ASSERT_OR_EXECUTE_MSG(
+            BufferDescriptorC().size() > buffer_index, { return 0; },
+            "BufferDescriptorC invalid buffer_index {}", buffer_index);
         return BufferDescriptorC()[buffer_index].Size();
     }
     return 0;

src/core/hle/kernel/memory/page_table.cpp

@@ -604,7 +604,6 @@ ResultCode PageTable::MapPages(VAddr addr, const PageLinkedList& page_linked_lis
         if (const auto result{
                 Operate(cur_addr, node.GetNumPages(), perm, OperationType::Map, node.GetAddress())};
             result.IsError()) {
-            const MemoryInfo info{block_manager->FindBlock(cur_addr).GetMemoryInfo()};
             const std::size_t num_pages{(addr - cur_addr) / PageSize};
 
             ASSERT(
@@ -852,11 +851,12 @@ ResultCode PageTable::LockForDeviceAddressSpace(VAddr addr, std::size_t size) {
         return result;
     }
 
-    block_manager->UpdateLock(addr, size / PageSize,
-                              [](MemoryBlockManager::iterator block, MemoryPermission perm) {
-                                  block->ShareToDevice(perm);
-                              },
-                              perm);
+    block_manager->UpdateLock(
+        addr, size / PageSize,
+        [](MemoryBlockManager::iterator block, MemoryPermission perm) {
+            block->ShareToDevice(perm);
+        },
+        perm);
 
     return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }
@@ -874,11 +874,12 @@ ResultCode PageTable::UnlockForDeviceAddressSpace(VAddr addr, std::size_t size)
         return result;
     }
 
-    block_manager->UpdateLock(addr, size / PageSize,
-                              [](MemoryBlockManager::iterator block, MemoryPermission perm) {
-                                  block->UnshareToDevice(perm);
-                              },
-                              perm);
+    block_manager->UpdateLock(
+        addr, size / PageSize,
+        [](MemoryBlockManager::iterator block, MemoryPermission perm) {
+            block->UnshareToDevice(perm);
+        },
+        perm);
 
     return RESULT_SUCCESS;
 }

src/core/hle/kernel/memory/system_control.cpp

@@ -7,22 +7,15 @@
 #include "core/hle/kernel/memory/system_control.h"
 
 namespace Kernel::Memory::SystemControl {
-
-u64 GenerateRandomU64ForInit() {
-    static std::random_device device;
-    static std::mt19937 gen(device());
-    static std::uniform_int_distribution<u64> distribution(1, std::numeric_limits<u64>::max());
-    return distribution(gen);
-}
-
+namespace {
 template <typename F>
 u64 GenerateUniformRange(u64 min, u64 max, F f) {
-    /* Handle the case where the difference is too large to represent. */
+    // Handle the case where the difference is too large to represent.
     if (max == std::numeric_limits<u64>::max() && min == std::numeric_limits<u64>::min()) {
         return f();
     }
 
-    /* Iterate until we get a value in range. */
+    // Iterate until we get a value in range.
     const u64 range_size = ((max + 1) - min);
     const u64 effective_max = (std::numeric_limits<u64>::max() / range_size) * range_size;
     while (true) {
@@ -32,6 +25,14 @@ u64 GenerateUniformRange(u64 min, u64 max, F f) {
     }
 }
 
+u64 GenerateRandomU64ForInit() {
+    static std::random_device device;
+    static std::mt19937 gen(device());
+    static std::uniform_int_distribution<u64> distribution(1, std::numeric_limits<u64>::max());
+    return distribution(gen);
+}
+} // Anonymous namespace
+
 u64 GenerateRandomRange(u64 min, u64 max) {
     return GenerateUniformRange(min, max, GenerateRandomU64ForInit);
 }

src/core/hle/kernel/memory/system_control.h

@@ -8,11 +8,6 @@
 
 namespace Kernel::Memory::SystemControl {
 
-u64 GenerateRandomU64ForInit();
-
-template <typename F>
-u64 GenerateUniformRange(u64 min, u64 max, F f);
-
 u64 GenerateRandomRange(u64 min, u64 max);
 
 } // namespace Kernel::Memory::SystemControl

src/core/hle/kernel/scheduler.cpp

@@ -131,7 +131,8 @@ u32 GlobalScheduler::SelectThreads() {
     u32 cores_needing_context_switch{};
     for (u32 core = 0; core < Core::Hardware::NUM_CPU_CORES; core++) {
         Scheduler& sched = kernel.Scheduler(core);
-        ASSERT(top_threads[core] == nullptr || top_threads[core]->GetProcessorID() == core);
+        ASSERT(top_threads[core] == nullptr ||
+               static_cast<u32>(top_threads[core]->GetProcessorID()) == core);
         if (update_thread(top_threads[core], sched)) {
             cores_needing_context_switch |= (1ul << core);
         }
@@ -663,32 +664,26 @@ void Scheduler::Reload() {
 }
 
 void Scheduler::SwitchContextStep2() {
-    Thread* previous_thread = current_thread_prev.get();
-    Thread* new_thread = selected_thread.get();
-
     // Load context of new thread
-    Process* const previous_process =
-        previous_thread != nullptr ? previous_thread->GetOwnerProcess() : nullptr;
-
-    if (new_thread) {
-        ASSERT_MSG(new_thread->GetSchedulingStatus() == ThreadSchedStatus::Runnable,
+    if (selected_thread) {
+        ASSERT_MSG(selected_thread->GetSchedulingStatus() == ThreadSchedStatus::Runnable,
                    "Thread must be runnable.");
 
         // Cancel any outstanding wakeup events for this thread
-        new_thread->SetIsRunning(true);
-        new_thread->last_running_ticks = system.CoreTiming().GetCPUTicks();
-        new_thread->SetWasRunning(false);
+        selected_thread->SetIsRunning(true);
+        selected_thread->last_running_ticks = system.CoreTiming().GetCPUTicks();
+        selected_thread->SetWasRunning(false);
 
         auto* const thread_owner_process = current_thread->GetOwnerProcess();
         if (thread_owner_process != nullptr) {
             system.Kernel().MakeCurrentProcess(thread_owner_process);
         }
-        if (!new_thread->IsHLEThread()) {
-            Core::ARM_Interface& cpu_core = new_thread->ArmInterface();
-            cpu_core.LoadContext(new_thread->GetContext32());
-            cpu_core.LoadContext(new_thread->GetContext64());
-            cpu_core.SetTlsAddress(new_thread->GetTLSAddress());
-            cpu_core.SetTPIDR_EL0(new_thread->GetTPIDR_EL0());
+        if (!selected_thread->IsHLEThread()) {
+            Core::ARM_Interface& cpu_core = selected_thread->ArmInterface();
+            cpu_core.LoadContext(selected_thread->GetContext32());
+            cpu_core.LoadContext(selected_thread->GetContext64());
+            cpu_core.SetTlsAddress(selected_thread->GetTLSAddress());
+            cpu_core.SetTPIDR_EL0(selected_thread->GetTPIDR_EL0());
             cpu_core.ChangeProcessorID(this->core_id);
             cpu_core.ClearExclusiveState();
         }

src/core/hle/kernel/scheduler.h

@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ private:
 
 class SchedulerLock {
 public:
-    explicit SchedulerLock(KernelCore& kernel);
+    [[nodiscard]] explicit SchedulerLock(KernelCore& kernel);
     ~SchedulerLock();
 
 protected:

src/core/hle/result.h

@@ -342,8 +342,9 @@ ResultVal<std::remove_reference_t<Arg>> MakeResult(Arg&& arg) {
  */
 #define CASCADE_RESULT(target, source)                                                             \
     auto CONCAT2(check_result_L, __LINE__) = source;                                               \
-    if (CONCAT2(check_result_L, __LINE__).Failed())                                                \
+    if (CONCAT2(check_result_L, __LINE__).Failed()) {                                              \
         return CONCAT2(check_result_L, __LINE__).Code();                                           \
+    }                                                                                              \
     target = std::move(*CONCAT2(check_result_L, __LINE__))
 
 /**
@@ -351,6 +352,9 @@ ResultVal<std::remove_reference_t<Arg>> MakeResult(Arg&& arg) {
  * non-success, or discarded otherwise.
  */
 #define CASCADE_CODE(source)                                                                       \
-    auto CONCAT2(check_result_L, __LINE__) = source;                                               \
-    if (CONCAT2(check_result_L, __LINE__).IsError())                                               \
-        return CONCAT2(check_result_L, __LINE__);
+    do {                                                                                           \
+        auto CONCAT2(check_result_L, __LINE__) = source;                                           \
+        if (CONCAT2(check_result_L, __LINE__).IsError()) {                                         \
+            return CONCAT2(check_result_L, __LINE__);                                              \
+        }                                                                                          \
+    } while (false)

src/core/hle/service/am/am.cpp

@@ -378,7 +378,11 @@ void ISelfController::GetLibraryAppletLaunchableEvent(Kernel::HLERequestContext&
 }
 
 void ISelfController::SetScreenShotPermission(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx) {
-    LOG_WARNING(Service_AM, "(STUBBED) called");
+    IPC::RequestParser rp{ctx};
+    const auto permission = rp.PopEnum<ScreenshotPermission>();
+    LOG_DEBUG(Service_AM, "called, permission={}", permission);
+
+    screenshot_permission = permission;
 
     IPC::ResponseBuilder rb{ctx, 2};
     rb.Push(RESULT_SUCCESS);

src/core/hle/service/am/am.h

@@ -149,6 +149,12 @@ private:
     void GetAccumulatedSuspendedTickValue(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
     void GetAccumulatedSuspendedTickChangedEvent(Kernel::HLERequestContext& ctx);
 
+    enum class ScreenshotPermission : u32 {
+        Inherit = 0,
+        Enable = 1,
+        Disable = 2,
+    };
+
     Core::System& system;
     std::shared_ptr<NVFlinger::NVFlinger> nvflinger;
     Kernel::EventPair launchable_event;
@@ -157,6 +163,7 @@ private:
     u32 idle_time_detection_extension = 0;
     u64 num_fatal_sections_entered = 0;
     bool is_auto_sleep_disabled = false;
+    ScreenshotPermission screenshot_permission = ScreenshotPermission::Inherit;
 };
 
 class ICommonStateGetter final : public ServiceFramework<ICommonStateGetter> {

src/core/hle/service/am/applets/software_keyboard.cpp

@@ -122,8 +122,7 @@ void SoftwareKeyboard::ExecuteInteractive() {
 
         switch (request) {
         case Request::Calc: {
-            broker.PushNormalDataFromApplet(
-                std::make_shared<IStorage>(std::move(std::vector<u8>{1})));
+            broker.PushNormalDataFromApplet(std::make_shared<IStorage>(std::vector<u8>{1}));
             broker.SignalStateChanged();
             break;
         }

src/core/hle/service/am/applets/web_browser.cpp

@@ -551,7 +551,8 @@ void WebBrowser::ExecuteShop() {
 }
 
 void WebBrowser::ExecuteOffline() {
-    frontend.OpenPageLocal(filename, [this] { UnpackRomFS(); }, [this] { Finalize(); });
+    frontend.OpenPageLocal(
+        filename, [this] { UnpackRomFS(); }, [this] { Finalize(); });
 }
 
 } // namespace Service::AM::Applets

src/core/hle/service/audio/audout_u.cpp

@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ private:
     AudioCore::StreamPtr stream;
     std::string device_name;
 
-    [[maybe_unused]] AudoutParams audio_params {};
+    [[maybe_unused]] AudoutParams audio_params{};
 
     /// This is the event handle used to check if the audio buffer was released
     Kernel::EventPair buffer_event;

src/core/hle/service/bcat/backend/boxcat.cpp

@@ -365,8 +365,7 @@ bool Boxcat::Synchronize(TitleIDVersion title, ProgressServiceBackend& progress)
 
     std::thread([this, title, &progress] {
         SynchronizeInternal(applet_manager, dir_getter, title, progress);
-    })
-        .detach();
+    }).detach();
 
     return true;
 }
@@ -377,8 +376,7 @@ bool Boxcat::SynchronizeDirectory(TitleIDVersion title, std::string name,
 
     std::thread([this, title, name, &progress] {
         SynchronizeInternal(applet_manager, dir_getter, title, progress, name);
-    })
-        .detach();
+    }).detach();
 
     return true;
 }

src/core/hle/service/hid/controllers/npad.cpp

@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ u32 Controller_NPad::IndexToNPad(std::size_t index) {
     default:
         UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG("Unknown npad index {}", index);
         return 0;
-    };
+    }
 }
 
 Controller_NPad::Controller_NPad(Core::System& system) : ControllerBase(system), system(system) {}
@@ -630,7 +630,7 @@ Controller_NPad::LedPattern Controller_NPad::GetLedPattern(u32 npad_id) {
     default:
         UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG("Unhandled npad_id {}", npad_id);
         return LedPattern{0, 0, 0, 0};
-    };
+    }
 }
 
 void Controller_NPad::SetVibrationEnabled(bool can_vibrate) {

src/core/hle/service/nvdrv/devices/nvdevice.h

@@ -21,8 +21,9 @@ namespace Service::Nvidia::Devices {
 /// implement the ioctl interface.
 class nvdevice {
 public:
-    explicit nvdevice(Core::System& system) : system{system} {};
+    explicit nvdevice(Core::System& system) : system{system} {}
     virtual ~nvdevice() = default;
+
     union Ioctl {
         u32_le raw;
         BitField<0, 8, u32> cmd;

src/core/hle/service/nvflinger/buffer_queue.cpp

@@ -24,13 +24,13 @@ BufferQueue::~BufferQueue() = default;
 void BufferQueue::SetPreallocatedBuffer(u32 slot, const IGBPBuffer& igbp_buffer) {
     LOG_WARNING(Service, "Adding graphics buffer {}", slot);
 
-    Buffer buffer{};
-    buffer.slot = slot;
-    buffer.igbp_buffer = igbp_buffer;
-    buffer.status = Buffer::Status::Free;
     free_buffers.push_back(slot);
+    queue.push_back({
+        .slot = slot,
+        .status = Buffer::Status::Free,
+        .igbp_buffer = igbp_buffer,
+    });
 
-    queue.emplace_back(buffer);
     buffer_wait_event.writable->Signal();
 }
 
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ std::optional<std::pair<u32, Service::Nvidia::MultiFence*>> BufferQueue::Dequeue
                                                                                        u32 height) {
 
     if (free_buffers.empty()) {
-        return {};
+        return std::nullopt;
     }
 
     auto f_itr = free_buffers.begin();
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ std::optional<std::pair<u32, Service::Nvidia::MultiFence*>> BufferQueue::Dequeue
     }
 
     if (itr == queue.end()) {
-        return {};
+        return std::nullopt;
     }
 
     itr->status = Buffer::Status::Dequeued;
@@ -103,14 +103,15 @@ std::optional<std::reference_wrapper<const BufferQueue::Buffer>> BufferQueue::Ac
     auto itr = queue.end();
     // Iterate to find a queued buffer matching the requested slot.
     while (itr == queue.end() && !queue_sequence.empty()) {
-        u32 slot = queue_sequence.front();
+        const u32 slot = queue_sequence.front();
         itr = std::find_if(queue.begin(), queue.end(), [&slot](const Buffer& buffer) {
             return buffer.status == Buffer::Status::Queued && buffer.slot == slot;
         });
         queue_sequence.pop_front();
     }
-    if (itr == queue.end())
-        return {};
+    if (itr == queue.end()) {
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
     itr->status = Buffer::Status::Acquired;
     return *itr;
 }

src/core/hle/service/nvflinger/nvflinger.h

@@ -86,11 +86,13 @@ public:
 
     [[nodiscard]] s64 GetNextTicks() const;
 
-    [[nodiscard]] std::unique_lock<std::mutex> Lock() const { return std::unique_lock{*guard}; }
+    [[nodiscard]] std::unique_lock<std::mutex> Lock() const {
+        return std::unique_lock{*guard};
+    }
 
-    private :
-        /// Finds the display identified by the specified ID.
-        [[nodiscard]] VI::Display* FindDisplay(u64 display_id);
+private:
+    /// Finds the display identified by the specified ID.
+    [[nodiscard]] VI::Display* FindDisplay(u64 display_id);
 
     /// Finds the display identified by the specified ID.
     [[nodiscard]] const VI::Display* FindDisplay(u64 display_id) const;

src/core/hle/service/sm/sm.h

@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ public:
     ResultVal<std::shared_ptr<Kernel::ClientPort>> GetServicePort(const std::string& name);
     ResultVal<std::shared_ptr<Kernel::ClientSession>> ConnectToService(const std::string& name);
 
-    template <Common::IsBaseOf<Kernel::SessionRequestHandler> T>
+    template <Common::DerivedFrom<Kernel::SessionRequestHandler> T>
     std::shared_ptr<T> GetService(const std::string& service_name) const {
         auto service = registered_services.find(service_name);
         if (service == registered_services.end()) {

src/core/hle/service/time/time_zone_content_manager.cpp

@@ -73,10 +73,8 @@ TimeZoneContentManager::TimeZoneContentManager(TimeManager& time_manager, Core::
 
     std::string location_name;
     const auto timezone_setting = Settings::GetTimeZoneString();
-    if (timezone_setting == "auto") {
+    if (timezone_setting == "auto" || timezone_setting == "default") {
         location_name = Common::TimeZone::GetDefaultTimeZone();
-    } else if (timezone_setting == "default") {
-        location_name = location_name;
     } else {
         location_name = timezone_setting;
     }

src/core/loader/loader.cpp

@@ -3,8 +3,10 @@
 // Refer to the license.txt file included.
 
 #include <memory>
+#include <optional>
 #include <ostream>
 #include <string>
+#include "common/concepts.h"
 #include "common/file_util.h"
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
 #include "common/string_util.h"
@@ -21,27 +23,41 @@
 
 namespace Loader {
 
+namespace {
+
+template <Common::DerivedFrom<AppLoader> T>
+std::optional<FileType> IdentifyFileLoader(FileSys::VirtualFile file) {
+    const auto file_type = T::IdentifyType(file);
+    if (file_type != FileType::Error) {
+        return file_type;
+    }
+    return std::nullopt;
+}
+
+} // namespace
+
 FileType IdentifyFile(FileSys::VirtualFile file) {
-    FileType type;
-
-#define CHECK_TYPE(loader)                                                                         \
-    type = AppLoader_##loader::IdentifyType(file);                                                 \
-    if (FileType::Error != type)                                                                   \
-        return type;
-
-    CHECK_TYPE(DeconstructedRomDirectory)
-    CHECK_TYPE(ELF)
-    CHECK_TYPE(NSO)
-    CHECK_TYPE(NRO)
-    CHECK_TYPE(NCA)
-    CHECK_TYPE(XCI)
-    CHECK_TYPE(NAX)
-    CHECK_TYPE(NSP)
-    CHECK_TYPE(KIP)
-
-#undef CHECK_TYPE
-
-    return FileType::Unknown;
+    if (const auto romdir_type = IdentifyFileLoader<AppLoader_DeconstructedRomDirectory>(file)) {
+        return *romdir_type;
+    } else if (const auto elf_type = IdentifyFileLoader<AppLoader_ELF>(file)) {
+        return *elf_type;
+    } else if (const auto nso_type = IdentifyFileLoader<AppLoader_NSO>(file)) {
+        return *nso_type;
+    } else if (const auto nro_type = IdentifyFileLoader<AppLoader_NRO>(file)) {
+        return *nro_type;
+    } else if (const auto nca_type = IdentifyFileLoader<AppLoader_NCA>(file)) {
+        return *nca_type;
+    } else if (const auto xci_type = IdentifyFileLoader<AppLoader_XCI>(file)) {
+        return *xci_type;
+    } else if (const auto nax_type = IdentifyFileLoader<AppLoader_NAX>(file)) {
+        return *nax_type;
+    } else if (const auto nsp_type = IdentifyFileLoader<AppLoader_NSP>(file)) {
+        return *nsp_type;
+    } else if (const auto kip_type = IdentifyFileLoader<AppLoader_KIP>(file)) {
+        return *kip_type;
+    } else {
+        return FileType::Unknown;
+    }
 }
 
 FileType GuessFromFilename(const std::string& name) {

src/core/memory.cpp

@@ -704,7 +704,7 @@ struct Memory::Impl {
         u8* page_pointer = current_page_table->pointers[vaddr >> PAGE_BITS];
         if (page_pointer != nullptr) {
             // NOTE: Avoid adding any extra logic to this fast-path block
-            T volatile* pointer = reinterpret_cast<T volatile*>(&page_pointer[vaddr]);
+            auto* pointer = reinterpret_cast<volatile T*>(&page_pointer[vaddr]);
             return Common::AtomicCompareAndSwap(pointer, data, expected);
         }
 
@@ -720,9 +720,8 @@ struct Memory::Impl {
         case Common::PageType::RasterizerCachedMemory: {
             u8* host_ptr{GetPointerFromRasterizerCachedMemory(vaddr)};
             system.GPU().InvalidateRegion(vaddr, sizeof(T));
-            T volatile* pointer = reinterpret_cast<T volatile*>(&host_ptr);
+            auto* pointer = reinterpret_cast<volatile T*>(&host_ptr);
             return Common::AtomicCompareAndSwap(pointer, data, expected);
-            break;
         }
         default:
             UNREACHABLE();
@@ -734,7 +733,7 @@ struct Memory::Impl {
         u8* const page_pointer = current_page_table->pointers[vaddr >> PAGE_BITS];
         if (page_pointer != nullptr) {
             // NOTE: Avoid adding any extra logic to this fast-path block
-            u64 volatile* pointer = reinterpret_cast<u64 volatile*>(&page_pointer[vaddr]);
+            auto* pointer = reinterpret_cast<volatile u64*>(&page_pointer[vaddr]);
             return Common::AtomicCompareAndSwap(pointer, data, expected);
         }
 
@@ -750,9 +749,8 @@ struct Memory::Impl {
         case Common::PageType::RasterizerCachedMemory: {
             u8* host_ptr{GetPointerFromRasterizerCachedMemory(vaddr)};
             system.GPU().InvalidateRegion(vaddr, sizeof(u128));
-            u64 volatile* pointer = reinterpret_cast<u64 volatile*>(&host_ptr);
+            auto* pointer = reinterpret_cast<volatile u64*>(&host_ptr);
             return Common::AtomicCompareAndSwap(pointer, data, expected);
-            break;
         }
         default:
             UNREACHABLE();

src/core/memory/cheat_engine.cpp

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ u64 StandardVmCallbacks::HidKeysDown() {
     if (applet_resource == nullptr) {
         LOG_WARNING(CheatEngine,
                     "Attempted to read input state, but applet resource is not initialized!");
-        return false;
+        return 0;
     }
 
     const auto press_state =
@@ -199,17 +199,29 @@ void CheatEngine::Initialize() {
     metadata.title_id = system.CurrentProcess()->GetTitleID();
 
     const auto& page_table = system.CurrentProcess()->PageTable();
-    metadata.heap_extents = {page_table.GetHeapRegionStart(), page_table.GetHeapRegionSize()};
-    metadata.address_space_extents = {page_table.GetAddressSpaceStart(),
-                                      page_table.GetAddressSpaceSize()};
-    metadata.alias_extents = {page_table.GetAliasCodeRegionStart(),
-                              page_table.GetAliasCodeRegionSize()};
+    metadata.heap_extents = {
+        .base = page_table.GetHeapRegionStart(),
+        .size = page_table.GetHeapRegionSize(),
+    };
+
+    metadata.address_space_extents = {
+        .base = page_table.GetAddressSpaceStart(),
+        .size = page_table.GetAddressSpaceSize(),
+    };
+
+    metadata.alias_extents = {
+        .base = page_table.GetAliasCodeRegionStart(),
+        .size = page_table.GetAliasCodeRegionSize(),
+    };
 
     is_pending_reload.exchange(true);
 }
 
 void CheatEngine::SetMainMemoryParameters(VAddr main_region_begin, u64 main_region_size) {
-    metadata.main_nso_extents = {main_region_begin, main_region_size};
+    metadata.main_nso_extents = {
+        .base = main_region_begin,
+        .size = main_region_size,
+    };
 }
 
 void CheatEngine::Reload(std::vector<CheatEntry> cheats) {

src/core/tools/freezer.cpp

@@ -107,28 +107,21 @@ void Freezer::Unfreeze(VAddr address) {
 
     LOG_DEBUG(Common_Memory, "Unfreezing memory for address={:016X}", address);
 
-    entries.erase(
-        std::remove_if(entries.begin(), entries.end(),
-                       [&address](const Entry& entry) { return entry.address == address; }),
-        entries.end());
+    std::erase_if(entries, [address](const Entry& entry) { return entry.address == address; });
 }
 
 bool Freezer::IsFrozen(VAddr address) const {
     std::lock_guard lock{entries_mutex};
 
-    return std::find_if(entries.begin(), entries.end(), [&address](const Entry& entry) {
-               return entry.address == address;
-           }) != entries.end();
+    return FindEntry(address) != entries.cend();
 }
 
 void Freezer::SetFrozenValue(VAddr address, u64 value) {
     std::lock_guard lock{entries_mutex};
 
-    const auto iter = std::find_if(entries.begin(), entries.end(), [&address](const Entry& entry) {
-        return entry.address == address;
-    });
+    const auto iter = FindEntry(address);
 
-    if (iter == entries.end()) {
+    if (iter == entries.cend()) {
         LOG_ERROR(Common_Memory,
                   "Tried to set freeze value for address={:016X} that is not frozen!", address);
         return;
@@ -143,11 +136,9 @@ void Freezer::SetFrozenValue(VAddr address, u64 value) {
 std::optional<Freezer::Entry> Freezer::GetEntry(VAddr address) const {
     std::lock_guard lock{entries_mutex};
 
-    const auto iter = std::find_if(entries.begin(), entries.end(), [&address](const Entry& entry) {
-        return entry.address == address;
-    });
+    const auto iter = FindEntry(address);
 
-    if (iter == entries.end()) {
+    if (iter == entries.cend()) {
         return std::nullopt;
     }
 
@@ -160,6 +151,16 @@ std::vector<Freezer::Entry> Freezer::GetEntries() const {
     return entries;
 }
 
+Freezer::Entries::iterator Freezer::FindEntry(VAddr address) {
+    return std::find_if(entries.begin(), entries.end(),
+                        [address](const Entry& entry) { return entry.address == address; });
+}
+
+Freezer::Entries::const_iterator Freezer::FindEntry(VAddr address) const {
+    return std::find_if(entries.begin(), entries.end(),
+                        [address](const Entry& entry) { return entry.address == address; });
+}
+
 void Freezer::FrameCallback(std::uintptr_t, std::chrono::nanoseconds ns_late) {
     if (!IsActive()) {
         LOG_DEBUG(Common_Memory, "Memory freezer has been deactivated, ending callback events.");

src/core/tools/freezer.h

@@ -73,13 +73,18 @@ public:
     std::vector<Entry> GetEntries() const;
 
 private:
+    using Entries = std::vector<Entry>;
+
+    Entries::iterator FindEntry(VAddr address);
+    Entries::const_iterator FindEntry(VAddr address) const;
+
     void FrameCallback(std::uintptr_t user_data, std::chrono::nanoseconds ns_late);
     void FillEntryReads();
 
     std::atomic_bool active{false};
 
     mutable std::mutex entries_mutex;
-    std::vector<Entry> entries;
+    Entries entries;
 
     std::shared_ptr<Core::Timing::EventType> event;
     Core::Timing::CoreTiming& core_timing;

src/input_common/gcadapter/gc_poller.cpp

@@ -148,19 +148,17 @@ void GCButtonFactory::EndConfiguration() {
 
 class GCAnalog final : public Input::AnalogDevice {
 public:
-    GCAnalog(int port_, int axis_x_, int axis_y_, float deadzone_, GCAdapter::Adapter* adapter)
+    GCAnalog(int port_, int axis_x_, int axis_y_, float deadzone_, GCAdapter::Adapter* adapter,
+             float range_)
         : port(port_), axis_x(axis_x_), axis_y(axis_y_), deadzone(deadzone_), gcadapter(adapter),
           origin_value_x(adapter->GetOriginValue(port_, axis_x_)),
-          origin_value_y(adapter->GetOriginValue(port_, axis_y_)) {}
+          origin_value_y(adapter->GetOriginValue(port_, axis_y_)), range(range_) {}
 
     float GetAxis(int axis) const {
         if (gcadapter->DeviceConnected(port)) {
             std::lock_guard lock{mutex};
             const auto origin_value = axis % 2 == 0 ? origin_value_x : origin_value_y;
-            // division is not by a perfect 128 to account for some variance in center location
-            // e.g. my device idled at 131 in X, 120 in Y, and full range of motion was in range
-            // [20-230]
-            return (gcadapter->GetPadState()[port].axes.at(axis) - origin_value) / 95.0f;
+            return (gcadapter->GetPadState()[port].axes.at(axis) - origin_value) / (100.0f * range);
         }
         return 0.0f;
     }
@@ -215,6 +213,7 @@ private:
     GCAdapter::Adapter* gcadapter;
     const float origin_value_x;
     const float origin_value_y;
+    const float range;
     mutable std::mutex mutex;
 };
 
@@ -234,8 +233,9 @@ std::unique_ptr<Input::AnalogDevice> GCAnalogFactory::Create(const Common::Param
     const int axis_x = params.Get("axis_x", 0);
     const int axis_y = params.Get("axis_y", 1);
     const float deadzone = std::clamp(params.Get("deadzone", 0.0f), 0.0f, .99f);
+    const float range = std::clamp(params.Get("range", 1.0f), 0.50f, 1.50f);
 
-    return std::make_unique<GCAnalog>(port, axis_x, axis_y, deadzone, adapter.get());
+    return std::make_unique<GCAnalog>(port, axis_x, axis_y, deadzone, adapter.get(), range);
 }
 
 void GCAnalogFactory::BeginConfiguration() {

src/input_common/sdl/sdl_impl.cpp

@@ -66,14 +66,14 @@ public:
         state.axes.insert_or_assign(axis, value);
     }
 
-    float GetAxis(int axis) const {
+    float GetAxis(int axis, float range) const {
         std::lock_guard lock{mutex};
-        return state.axes.at(axis) / 32767.0f;
+        return state.axes.at(axis) / (32767.0f * range);
     }
 
-    std::tuple<float, float> GetAnalog(int axis_x, int axis_y) const {
-        float x = GetAxis(axis_x);
-        float y = GetAxis(axis_y);
+    std::tuple<float, float> GetAnalog(int axis_x, int axis_y, float range) const {
+        float x = GetAxis(axis_x, range);
+        float y = GetAxis(axis_y, range);
         y = -y; // 3DS uses an y-axis inverse from SDL
 
         // Make sure the coordinates are in the unit circle,
@@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ public:
           trigger_if_greater(trigger_if_greater_) {}
 
     bool GetStatus() const override {
-        const float axis_value = joystick->GetAxis(axis);
+        const float axis_value = joystick->GetAxis(axis, 1.0f);
         if (trigger_if_greater) {
             return axis_value > threshold;
         }
@@ -329,11 +329,13 @@ private:
 
 class SDLAnalog final : public Input::AnalogDevice {
 public:
-    SDLAnalog(std::shared_ptr<SDLJoystick> joystick_, int axis_x_, int axis_y_, float deadzone_)
-        : joystick(std::move(joystick_)), axis_x(axis_x_), axis_y(axis_y_), deadzone(deadzone_) {}
+    SDLAnalog(std::shared_ptr<SDLJoystick> joystick_, int axis_x_, int axis_y_, float deadzone_,
+              float range_)
+        : joystick(std::move(joystick_)), axis_x(axis_x_), axis_y(axis_y_), deadzone(deadzone_),
+          range(range_) {}
 
     std::tuple<float, float> GetStatus() const override {
-        const auto [x, y] = joystick->GetAnalog(axis_x, axis_y);
+        const auto [x, y] = joystick->GetAnalog(axis_x, axis_y, range);
         const float r = std::sqrt((x * x) + (y * y));
         if (r > deadzone) {
             return std::make_tuple(x / r * (r - deadzone) / (1 - deadzone),
@@ -363,6 +365,7 @@ private:
     const int axis_x;
     const int axis_y;
     const float deadzone;
+    const float range;
 };
 
 /// A button device factory that creates button devices from SDL joystick
@@ -458,13 +461,13 @@ public:
         const int axis_x = params.Get("axis_x", 0);
         const int axis_y = params.Get("axis_y", 1);
         const float deadzone = std::clamp(params.Get("deadzone", 0.0f), 0.0f, .99f);
-
+        const float range = std::clamp(params.Get("range", 1.0f), 0.50f, 1.50f);
         auto joystick = state.GetSDLJoystickByGUID(guid, port);
 
         // This is necessary so accessing GetAxis with axis_x and axis_y won't crash
         joystick->SetAxis(axis_x, 0);
         joystick->SetAxis(axis_y, 0);
-        return std::make_unique<SDLAnalog>(joystick, axis_x, axis_y, deadzone);
+        return std::make_unique<SDLAnalog>(joystick, axis_x, axis_y, deadzone, range);
     }
 
 private:

src/input_common/udp/client.cpp

@@ -224,8 +224,7 @@ void TestCommunication(const std::string& host, u16 port, u8 pad_index, u32 clie
         } else {
             failure_callback();
         }
-    })
-        .detach();
+    }).detach();
 }
 
 CalibrationConfigurationJob::CalibrationConfigurationJob(
@@ -279,8 +278,7 @@ CalibrationConfigurationJob::CalibrationConfigurationJob(
         complete_event.Wait();
         socket.Stop();
         worker_thread.join();
-    })
-        .detach();
+    }).detach();
 }
 
 CalibrationConfigurationJob::~CalibrationConfigurationJob() {

src/video_core/engines/maxwell_3d.h

@@ -647,7 +647,7 @@ public:
                     GetX() + GetWidth(),  // right
                     GetY()                // bottom
                 };
-            };
+            }
 
             f32 GetX() const {
                 return std::max(0.0f, translate_x - std::fabs(scale_x));

src/video_core/engines/maxwell_dma.cpp

@@ -94,7 +94,8 @@ void MaxwellDMA::CopyPitchToPitch() {
 }
 
 void MaxwellDMA::CopyBlockLinearToPitch() {
-    ASSERT(regs.src_params.block_size.depth == 0);
+    UNIMPLEMENTED_IF(regs.src_params.block_size.depth != 0);
+    UNIMPLEMENTED_IF(regs.src_params.layer != 0);
 
     // Optimized path for micro copies.
     const size_t dst_size = static_cast<size_t>(regs.pitch_out) * regs.line_count;
@@ -123,17 +124,12 @@ void MaxwellDMA::CopyBlockLinearToPitch() {
         write_buffer.resize(dst_size);
     }
 
-    if (Settings::IsGPULevelExtreme()) {
-        memory_manager.ReadBlock(regs.offset_in, read_buffer.data(), src_size);
-        memory_manager.ReadBlock(regs.offset_out, write_buffer.data(), dst_size);
-    } else {
-        memory_manager.ReadBlockUnsafe(regs.offset_in, read_buffer.data(), src_size);
-        memory_manager.ReadBlockUnsafe(regs.offset_out, write_buffer.data(), dst_size);
-    }
+    memory_manager.ReadBlock(regs.offset_in, read_buffer.data(), src_size);
+    memory_manager.ReadBlock(regs.offset_out, write_buffer.data(), dst_size);
 
     UnswizzleSubrect(regs.line_length_in, regs.line_count, regs.pitch_out, width, bytes_per_pixel,
-                     read_buffer.data() + src_layer_size * src_params.layer, write_buffer.data(),
-                     block_height, src_params.origin.x, src_params.origin.y);
+                     block_height, src_params.origin.x, src_params.origin.y, write_buffer.data(),
+                     read_buffer.data());
 
     memory_manager.WriteBlock(regs.offset_out, write_buffer.data(), dst_size);
 }
@@ -198,7 +194,6 @@ void MaxwellDMA::FastCopyBlockLinearToPitch() {
     if (read_buffer.size() < src_size) {
         read_buffer.resize(src_size);
     }
-
     if (write_buffer.size() < dst_size) {
         write_buffer.resize(dst_size);
     }
@@ -212,8 +207,8 @@ void MaxwellDMA::FastCopyBlockLinearToPitch() {
     }
 
     UnswizzleSubrect(regs.line_length_in, regs.line_count, regs.pitch_out, regs.src_params.width,
-                     bytes_per_pixel, read_buffer.data(), write_buffer.data(),
-                     regs.src_params.block_size.height, pos_x, pos_y);
+                     bytes_per_pixel, regs.src_params.block_size.height, pos_x, pos_y,
+                     write_buffer.data(), read_buffer.data());
 
     memory_manager.WriteBlock(regs.offset_out, write_buffer.data(), dst_size);
 }

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_shader_cache.cpp

@@ -403,7 +403,7 @@ void ShaderCacheOpenGL::LoadDiskCache(const std::atomic_bool& stop_loading,
         }
     };
 
-    const auto num_workers{static_cast<std::size_t>(std::thread::hardware_concurrency() + 1ULL)};
+    const std::size_t num_workers{std::max(1U, std::thread::hardware_concurrency())};
     const std::size_t bucket_size{transferable->size() / num_workers};
     std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Core::Frontend::GraphicsContext>> contexts(num_workers);
     std::vector<std::thread> threads(num_workers);

src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/wrapper.h

@@ -756,8 +756,8 @@ public:
     }
 
     VkResult GetQueryResults(VkQueryPool query_pool, u32 first, u32 count, std::size_t data_size,
-                             void* data, VkDeviceSize stride, VkQueryResultFlags flags) const
-        noexcept {
+                             void* data, VkDeviceSize stride,
+                             VkQueryResultFlags flags) const noexcept {
         return dld->vkGetQueryPoolResults(handle, query_pool, first, count, data_size, data, stride,
                                           flags);
     }
@@ -849,8 +849,8 @@ public:
         dld->vkCmdBindPipeline(handle, bind_point, pipeline);
     }
 
-    void BindIndexBuffer(VkBuffer buffer, VkDeviceSize offset, VkIndexType index_type) const
-        noexcept {
+    void BindIndexBuffer(VkBuffer buffer, VkDeviceSize offset,
+                         VkIndexType index_type) const noexcept {
         dld->vkCmdBindIndexBuffer(handle, buffer, offset, index_type);
     }
 
@@ -863,8 +863,8 @@ public:
         BindVertexBuffers(binding, 1, &buffer, &offset);
     }
 
-    void Draw(u32 vertex_count, u32 instance_count, u32 first_vertex, u32 first_instance) const
-        noexcept {
+    void Draw(u32 vertex_count, u32 instance_count, u32 first_vertex,
+              u32 first_instance) const noexcept {
         dld->vkCmdDraw(handle, vertex_count, instance_count, first_vertex, first_instance);
     }
 
@@ -874,15 +874,15 @@ public:
                               first_instance);
     }
 
-    void ClearAttachments(Span<VkClearAttachment> attachments, Span<VkClearRect> rects) const
-        noexcept {
+    void ClearAttachments(Span<VkClearAttachment> attachments,
+                          Span<VkClearRect> rects) const noexcept {
         dld->vkCmdClearAttachments(handle, attachments.size(), attachments.data(), rects.size(),
                                    rects.data());
     }
 
     void BlitImage(VkImage src_image, VkImageLayout src_layout, VkImage dst_image,
-                   VkImageLayout dst_layout, Span<VkImageBlit> regions, VkFilter filter) const
-        noexcept {
+                   VkImageLayout dst_layout, Span<VkImageBlit> regions,
+                   VkFilter filter) const noexcept {
         dld->vkCmdBlitImage(handle, src_image, src_layout, dst_image, dst_layout, regions.size(),
                             regions.data(), filter);
     }
@@ -907,8 +907,8 @@ public:
                                     regions.data());
     }
 
-    void CopyBuffer(VkBuffer src_buffer, VkBuffer dst_buffer, Span<VkBufferCopy> regions) const
-        noexcept {
+    void CopyBuffer(VkBuffer src_buffer, VkBuffer dst_buffer,
+                    Span<VkBufferCopy> regions) const noexcept {
         dld->vkCmdCopyBuffer(handle, src_buffer, dst_buffer, regions.size(), regions.data());
     }
 
@@ -924,8 +924,8 @@ public:
                                     regions.data());
     }
 
-    void FillBuffer(VkBuffer dst_buffer, VkDeviceSize dst_offset, VkDeviceSize size, u32 data) const
-        noexcept {
+    void FillBuffer(VkBuffer dst_buffer, VkDeviceSize dst_offset, VkDeviceSize size,
+                    u32 data) const noexcept {
         dld->vkCmdFillBuffer(handle, dst_buffer, dst_offset, size, data);
     }
 

src/video_core/shader/control_flow.cpp

@@ -187,24 +187,26 @@ std::optional<std::pair<BufferInfo, u64>> TrackLDC(const CFGRebuildState& state,
 
 std::optional<u64> TrackSHLRegister(const CFGRebuildState& state, u32& pos,
                                     u64 ldc_tracked_register) {
-    return TrackInstruction<u64>(state, pos,
-                                 [ldc_tracked_register](auto instr, const auto& opcode) {
-                                     return opcode.GetId() == OpCode::Id::SHL_IMM &&
-                                            instr.gpr0.Value() == ldc_tracked_register;
-                                 },
-                                 [](auto instr, const auto&) { return instr.gpr8.Value(); });
+    return TrackInstruction<u64>(
+        state, pos,
+        [ldc_tracked_register](auto instr, const auto& opcode) {
+            return opcode.GetId() == OpCode::Id::SHL_IMM &&
+                   instr.gpr0.Value() == ldc_tracked_register;
+        },
+        [](auto instr, const auto&) { return instr.gpr8.Value(); });
 }
 
 std::optional<u32> TrackIMNMXValue(const CFGRebuildState& state, u32& pos,
                                    u64 shl_tracked_register) {
-    return TrackInstruction<u32>(state, pos,
-                                 [shl_tracked_register](auto instr, const auto& opcode) {
-                                     return opcode.GetId() == OpCode::Id::IMNMX_IMM &&
-                                            instr.gpr0.Value() == shl_tracked_register;
-                                 },
-                                 [](auto instr, const auto&) {
-                                     return static_cast<u32>(instr.alu.GetSignedImm20_20() + 1);
-                                 });
+    return TrackInstruction<u32>(
+        state, pos,
+        [shl_tracked_register](auto instr, const auto& opcode) {
+            return opcode.GetId() == OpCode::Id::IMNMX_IMM &&
+                   instr.gpr0.Value() == shl_tracked_register;
+        },
+        [](auto instr, const auto&) {
+            return static_cast<u32>(instr.alu.GetSignedImm20_20() + 1);
+        });
 }
 
 std::optional<BranchIndirectInfo> TrackBranchIndirectInfo(const CFGRebuildState& state, u32 pos) {

src/video_core/shader/decode/memory.cpp

@@ -471,9 +471,9 @@ std::tuple<Node, Node, GlobalMemoryBase> ShaderIR::TrackGlobalMemory(NodeBlock&
 
     const auto [base_address, index, offset] =
         TrackCbuf(addr_register, global_code, static_cast<s64>(global_code.size()));
-    ASSERT_OR_EXECUTE_MSG(base_address != nullptr,
-                          { return std::make_tuple(nullptr, nullptr, GlobalMemoryBase{}); },
-                          "Global memory tracking failed");
+    ASSERT_OR_EXECUTE_MSG(
+        base_address != nullptr, { return std::make_tuple(nullptr, nullptr, GlobalMemoryBase{}); },
+        "Global memory tracking failed");
 
     bb.push_back(Comment(fmt::format("Base address is c[0x{:x}][0x{:x}]", index, offset)));
 

src/video_core/texture_cache/surface_params.cpp

@@ -96,7 +96,6 @@ SurfaceParams SurfaceParams::CreateForTexture(const FormatLookupTable& lookup_ta
         }
         params.type = GetFormatType(params.pixel_format);
     }
-    params.type = GetFormatType(params.pixel_format);
     // TODO: on 1DBuffer we should use the tic info.
     if (tic.IsBuffer()) {
         params.target = SurfaceTarget::TextureBuffer;

src/video_core/textures/decoders.cpp

@@ -228,24 +228,30 @@ void SwizzleSubrect(u32 subrect_width, u32 subrect_height, u32 source_pitch, u32
     }
 }
 
-void UnswizzleSubrect(u32 subrect_width, u32 subrect_height, u32 dest_pitch, u32 swizzled_width,
-                      u32 bytes_per_pixel, u8* swizzled_data, u8* unswizzled_data,
-                      u32 block_height_bit, u32 offset_x, u32 offset_y) {
-    const u32 block_height = 1U << block_height_bit;
-    for (u32 line = 0; line < subrect_height; ++line) {
-        const u32 y2 = line + offset_y;
-        const u32 gob_address_y = (y2 / (GOB_SIZE_Y * block_height)) * GOB_SIZE * block_height +
-                                  ((y2 % (GOB_SIZE_Y * block_height)) / GOB_SIZE_Y) * GOB_SIZE;
-        const auto& table = LEGACY_SWIZZLE_TABLE[y2 % GOB_SIZE_Y];
-        for (u32 x = 0; x < subrect_width; ++x) {
-            const u32 x2 = (x + offset_x) * bytes_per_pixel;
-            const u32 gob_address = gob_address_y + (x2 / GOB_SIZE_X) * GOB_SIZE * block_height;
-            const u32 swizzled_offset = gob_address + table[x2 % GOB_SIZE_X];
-            const u32 unswizzled_offset = line * dest_pitch + x * bytes_per_pixel;
-            u8* dest_line = unswizzled_data + unswizzled_offset;
-            u8* source_addr = swizzled_data + swizzled_offset;
+void UnswizzleSubrect(u32 line_length_in, u32 line_count, u32 pitch, u32 width, u32 bytes_per_pixel,
+                      u32 block_height, u32 origin_x, u32 origin_y, u8* output, const u8* input) {
+    const u32 stride = width * bytes_per_pixel;
+    const u32 gobs_in_x = (stride + GOB_SIZE_X - 1) / GOB_SIZE_X;
+    const u32 block_size = gobs_in_x << (GOB_SIZE_SHIFT + block_height);
 
-            std::memcpy(dest_line, source_addr, bytes_per_pixel);
+    const u32 block_height_mask = (1U << block_height) - 1;
+    const u32 x_shift = static_cast<u32>(GOB_SIZE_SHIFT) + block_height;
+
+    for (u32 line = 0; line < line_count; ++line) {
+        const u32 src_y = line + origin_y;
+        const auto& table = LEGACY_SWIZZLE_TABLE[src_y % GOB_SIZE_Y];
+
+        const u32 block_y = src_y >> GOB_SIZE_Y_SHIFT;
+        const u32 src_offset_y = (block_y >> block_height) * block_size +
+                                 ((block_y & block_height_mask) << GOB_SIZE_SHIFT);
+        for (u32 column = 0; column < line_length_in; ++column) {
+            const u32 src_x = (column + origin_x) * bytes_per_pixel;
+            const u32 src_offset_x = (src_x >> GOB_SIZE_X_SHIFT) << x_shift;
+
+            const u32 swizzled_offset = src_offset_y + src_offset_x + table[src_x % GOB_SIZE_X];
+            const u32 unswizzled_offset = line * pitch + column * bytes_per_pixel;
+
+            std::memcpy(output + unswizzled_offset, input + swizzled_offset, bytes_per_pixel);
         }
     }
 }
@@ -261,7 +267,7 @@ void SwizzleSliceToVoxel(u32 line_length_in, u32 line_count, u32 pitch, u32 widt
     const u32 block_size = gobs_in_x << (GOB_SIZE_SHIFT + block_height + block_depth);
 
     const u32 block_height_mask = (1U << block_height) - 1;
-    const u32 x_shift = Common::CountTrailingZeroes32(GOB_SIZE << (block_height + block_depth));
+    const u32 x_shift = static_cast<u32>(GOB_SIZE_SHIFT) + block_height + block_depth;
 
     for (u32 line = 0; line < line_count; ++line) {
         const auto& table = LEGACY_SWIZZLE_TABLE[line % GOB_SIZE_Y];

src/video_core/textures/decoders.h

@@ -48,9 +48,8 @@ void SwizzleSubrect(u32 subrect_width, u32 subrect_height, u32 source_pitch, u32
                     u32 block_height_bit, u32 offset_x, u32 offset_y);
 
 /// Copies a tiled subrectangle into a linear surface.
-void UnswizzleSubrect(u32 subrect_width, u32 subrect_height, u32 dest_pitch, u32 swizzled_width,
-                      u32 bytes_per_pixel, u8* swizzled_data, u8* unswizzled_data, u32 block_height,
-                      u32 offset_x, u32 offset_y);
+void UnswizzleSubrect(u32 line_length_in, u32 line_count, u32 pitch, u32 width, u32 bytes_per_pixel,
+                      u32 block_height, u32 origin_x, u32 origin_y, u8* output, const u8* input);
 
 /// @brief Swizzles a 2D array of pixels into a 3D texture
 /// @param line_length_in  Number of pixels per line

src/yuzu/configuration/configure_input_player.cpp

@@ -281,24 +281,25 @@ ConfigureInputPlayer::ConfigureInputPlayer(QWidget* parent, std::size_t player_i
 
         button->setContextMenuPolicy(Qt::CustomContextMenu);
         connect(button, &QPushButton::clicked, [=, this] {
-            HandleClick(button_map[button_id],
-                        [=, this](Common::ParamPackage params) {
-                            // Workaround for ZL & ZR for analog triggers like on XBOX controllors.
-                            // Analog triggers (from controllers like the XBOX controller) would not
-                            // work due to a different range of their signals (from 0 to 255 on
-                            // analog triggers instead of -32768 to 32768 on analog joysticks). The
-                            // SDL driver misinterprets analog triggers as analog joysticks.
-                            // TODO: reinterpret the signal range for analog triggers to map the
-                            // values correctly. This is required for the correct emulation of the
-                            // analog triggers of the GameCube controller.
-                            if (button_id == Settings::NativeButton::ZL ||
-                                button_id == Settings::NativeButton::ZR) {
-                                params.Set("direction", "+");
-                                params.Set("threshold", "0.5");
-                            }
-                            buttons_param[button_id] = std::move(params);
-                        },
-                        InputCommon::Polling::DeviceType::Button);
+            HandleClick(
+                button_map[button_id],
+                [=, this](Common::ParamPackage params) {
+                    // Workaround for ZL & ZR for analog triggers like on XBOX controllors.
+                    // Analog triggers (from controllers like the XBOX controller) would not
+                    // work due to a different range of their signals (from 0 to 255 on
+                    // analog triggers instead of -32768 to 32768 on analog joysticks). The
+                    // SDL driver misinterprets analog triggers as analog joysticks.
+                    // TODO: reinterpret the signal range for analog triggers to map the
+                    // values correctly. This is required for the correct emulation of the
+                    // analog triggers of the GameCube controller.
+                    if (button_id == Settings::NativeButton::ZL ||
+                        button_id == Settings::NativeButton::ZR) {
+                        params.Set("direction", "+");
+                        params.Set("threshold", "0.5");
+                    }
+                    buttons_param[button_id] = std::move(params);
+                },
+                InputCommon::Polling::DeviceType::Button);
         });
         connect(button, &QPushButton::customContextMenuRequested,
                 [=, this](const QPoint& menu_location) {
@@ -325,12 +326,13 @@ ConfigureInputPlayer::ConfigureInputPlayer(QWidget* parent, std::size_t player_i
 
             analog_button->setContextMenuPolicy(Qt::CustomContextMenu);
             connect(analog_button, &QPushButton::clicked, [=, this] {
-                HandleClick(analog_map_buttons[analog_id][sub_button_id],
-                            [=, this](const Common::ParamPackage& params) {
-                                SetAnalogButton(params, analogs_param[analog_id],
-                                                analog_sub_buttons[sub_button_id]);
-                            },
-                            InputCommon::Polling::DeviceType::Button);
+                HandleClick(
+                    analog_map_buttons[analog_id][sub_button_id],
+                    [=, this](const Common::ParamPackage& params) {
+                        SetAnalogButton(params, analogs_param[analog_id],
+                                        analog_sub_buttons[sub_button_id]);
+                    },
+                    InputCommon::Polling::DeviceType::Button);
             });
             connect(analog_button, &QPushButton::customContextMenuRequested,
                     [=, this](const QPoint& menu_location) {
@@ -357,11 +359,12 @@ ConfigureInputPlayer::ConfigureInputPlayer(QWidget* parent, std::size_t player_i
                     tr("After pressing OK, first move your joystick horizontally, "
                        "and then vertically."),
                     QMessageBox::Ok | QMessageBox::Cancel) == QMessageBox::Ok) {
-                HandleClick(analog_map_stick[analog_id],
-                            [=, this](const Common::ParamPackage& params) {
-                                analogs_param[analog_id] = params;
-                            },
-                            InputCommon::Polling::DeviceType::Analog);
+                HandleClick(
+                    analog_map_stick[analog_id],
+                    [=, this](const Common::ParamPackage& params) {
+                        analogs_param[analog_id] = params;
+                    },
+                    InputCommon::Polling::DeviceType::Analog);
             }
         });
 

src/yuzu/configuration/configure_mouse_advanced.cpp

@@ -84,11 +84,12 @@ ConfigureMouseAdvanced::ConfigureMouseAdvanced(QWidget* parent)
 
         button->setContextMenuPolicy(Qt::CustomContextMenu);
         connect(button, &QPushButton::clicked, [=, this] {
-            HandleClick(button_map[button_id],
-                        [=, this](const Common::ParamPackage& params) {
-                            buttons_param[button_id] = params;
-                        },
-                        InputCommon::Polling::DeviceType::Button);
+            HandleClick(
+                button_map[button_id],
+                [=, this](const Common::ParamPackage& params) {
+                    buttons_param[button_id] = params;
+                },
+                InputCommon::Polling::DeviceType::Button);
         });
         connect(button, &QPushButton::customContextMenuRequested,
                 [=, this](const QPoint& menu_location) {