texture_cache: Address Feedback

This makes conflicts between non compress and compress textures to be 
auto recycled. It also limits the amount of mipmaps a texture can have 
if it goes above it's limit.

CMakeModules/GenerateSCMRev.cmake

@@ -70,6 +70,7 @@ set(HASH_FILES
     "${VIDEO_CORE}/shader/decode/half_set.cpp"
     "${VIDEO_CORE}/shader/decode/half_set_predicate.cpp"
     "${VIDEO_CORE}/shader/decode/hfma2.cpp"
+    "${VIDEO_CORE}/shader/decode/image.cpp"
     "${VIDEO_CORE}/shader/decode/integer_set.cpp"
     "${VIDEO_CORE}/shader/decode/integer_set_predicate.cpp"
     "${VIDEO_CORE}/shader/decode/memory.cpp"

src/common/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ add_custom_command(OUTPUT scm_rev.cpp
       "${VIDEO_CORE}/shader/decode/half_set.cpp"
       "${VIDEO_CORE}/shader/decode/half_set_predicate.cpp"
       "${VIDEO_CORE}/shader/decode/hfma2.cpp"
+      "${VIDEO_CORE}/shader/decode/image.cpp"
       "${VIDEO_CORE}/shader/decode/integer_set.cpp"
       "${VIDEO_CORE}/shader/decode/integer_set_predicate.cpp"
       "${VIDEO_CORE}/shader/decode/memory.cpp"
@@ -74,6 +75,7 @@ add_library(common STATIC
     assert.h
     detached_tasks.cpp
     detached_tasks.h
+    binary_find.h
     bit_field.h
     bit_util.h
     cityhash.cpp

src/common/alignment.h

@@ -19,6 +19,12 @@ constexpr T AlignDown(T value, std::size_t size) {
     return static_cast<T>(value - value % size);
 }
 
+template <typename T>
+constexpr T AlignBits(T value, std::size_t align) {
+    static_assert(std::is_unsigned_v<T>, "T must be an unsigned value.");
+    return static_cast<T>((value + ((1ULL << align) - 1)) >> align << align);
+}
+
 template <typename T>
 constexpr bool Is4KBAligned(T value) {
     static_assert(std::is_unsigned_v<T>, "T must be an unsigned value.");

src/common/binary_find.h

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+// Copyright 2019 yuzu emulator team
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <algorithm>
+
+namespace Common {
+
+template <class ForwardIt, class T, class Compare = std::less<>>
+ForwardIt BinaryFind(ForwardIt first, ForwardIt last, const T& value, Compare comp = {}) {
+    // Note: BOTH type T and the type after ForwardIt is dereferenced
+    // must be implicitly convertible to BOTH Type1 and Type2, used in Compare.
+    // This is stricter than lower_bound requirement (see above)
+
+    first = std::lower_bound(first, last, value, comp);
+    return first != last && !comp(value, *first) ? first : last;
+}
+
+} // namespace Common

src/common/bit_util.h

@@ -97,4 +97,48 @@ inline u32 CountTrailingZeroes64(u64 value) {
 }
 #endif
 
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+
+inline u32 MostSignificantBit32(const u32 value) {
+    unsigned long result;
+    _BitScanReverse(&result, value);
+    return static_cast<u32>(result);
+}
+
+inline u32 MostSignificantBit64(const u64 value) {
+    unsigned long result;
+    _BitScanReverse64(&result, value);
+    return static_cast<u32>(result);
+}
+
+#else
+
+inline u32 MostSignificantBit32(const u32 value) {
+    return 31U - static_cast<u32>(__builtin_clz(value));
+}
+
+inline u32 MostSignificantBit64(const u64 value) {
+    return 63U - static_cast<u32>(__builtin_clzll(value));
+}
+
+#endif
+
+inline u32 Log2Floor32(const u32 value) {
+    return MostSignificantBit32(value);
+}
+
+inline u32 Log2Ceil32(const u32 value) {
+    const u32 log2_f = Log2Floor32(value);
+    return log2_f + ((value ^ (1U << log2_f)) != 0U);
+}
+
+inline u32 Log2Floor64(const u64 value) {
+    return MostSignificantBit64(value);
+}
+
+inline u32 Log2Ceil64(const u64 value) {
+    const u64 log2_f = static_cast<u64>(Log2Floor64(value));
+    return static_cast<u32>(log2_f + ((value ^ (1ULL << log2_f)) != 0ULL));
+}
+
 } // namespace Common

src/common/common_funcs.h

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <algorithm>
 #include <string>
 
 #if !defined(ARCHITECTURE_x86_64)

src/video_core/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -41,12 +41,12 @@ add_library(video_core STATIC
     renderer_opengl/gl_buffer_cache.h
     renderer_opengl/gl_device.cpp
     renderer_opengl/gl_device.h
+    renderer_opengl/gl_framebuffer_cache.cpp
+    renderer_opengl/gl_framebuffer_cache.h
     renderer_opengl/gl_global_cache.cpp
     renderer_opengl/gl_global_cache.h
     renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer.cpp
     renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer.h
-    renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer_cache.cpp
-    renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer_cache.h
     renderer_opengl/gl_resource_manager.cpp
     renderer_opengl/gl_resource_manager.h
     renderer_opengl/gl_sampler_cache.cpp
@@ -67,6 +67,8 @@ add_library(video_core STATIC
     renderer_opengl/gl_state.h
     renderer_opengl/gl_stream_buffer.cpp
     renderer_opengl/gl_stream_buffer.h
+    renderer_opengl/gl_texture_cache.cpp
+    renderer_opengl/gl_texture_cache.h
     renderer_opengl/maxwell_to_gl.h
     renderer_opengl/renderer_opengl.cpp
     renderer_opengl/renderer_opengl.h
@@ -88,6 +90,7 @@ add_library(video_core STATIC
     shader/decode/conversion.cpp
     shader/decode/memory.cpp
     shader/decode/texture.cpp
+    shader/decode/image.cpp
     shader/decode/float_set_predicate.cpp
     shader/decode/integer_set_predicate.cpp
     shader/decode/half_set_predicate.cpp
@@ -109,6 +112,13 @@ add_library(video_core STATIC
     shader/track.cpp
     surface.cpp
     surface.h
+    texture_cache/surface_base.cpp
+    texture_cache/surface_base.h
+    texture_cache/surface_params.cpp
+    texture_cache/surface_params.h
+    texture_cache/surface_view.cpp
+    texture_cache/surface_view.h
+    texture_cache/texture_cache.h
     textures/astc.cpp
     textures/astc.h
     textures/convert.cpp
@@ -116,8 +126,6 @@ add_library(video_core STATIC
     textures/decoders.cpp
     textures/decoders.h
     textures/texture.h
-    texture_cache.cpp
-    texture_cache.h
     video_core.cpp
     video_core.h
 )

src/video_core/engines/engine_upload.cpp

@@ -36,10 +36,10 @@ void State::ProcessData(const u32 data, const bool is_last_call) {
     } else {
         UNIMPLEMENTED_IF(regs.dest.z != 0);
         UNIMPLEMENTED_IF(regs.dest.depth != 1);
-        UNIMPLEMENTED_IF(regs.dest.BlockWidth() != 1);
-        UNIMPLEMENTED_IF(regs.dest.BlockDepth() != 1);
+        UNIMPLEMENTED_IF(regs.dest.BlockWidth() != 0);
+        UNIMPLEMENTED_IF(regs.dest.BlockDepth() != 0);
         const std::size_t dst_size = Tegra::Texture::CalculateSize(
-            true, 1, regs.dest.width, regs.dest.height, 1, regs.dest.BlockHeight(), 1);
+            true, 1, regs.dest.width, regs.dest.height, 1, regs.dest.BlockHeight(), 0);
         tmp_buffer.resize(dst_size);
         memory_manager.ReadBlock(address, tmp_buffer.data(), dst_size);
         Tegra::Texture::SwizzleKepler(regs.dest.width, regs.dest.height, regs.dest.x, regs.dest.y,

src/video_core/engines/engine_upload.h

@@ -39,15 +39,15 @@ struct Registers {
         }
 
         u32 BlockWidth() const {
-            return 1U << block_width.Value();
+            return block_width.Value();
         }
 
         u32 BlockHeight() const {
-            return 1U << block_height.Value();
+            return block_height.Value();
         }
 
         u32 BlockDepth() const {
-            return 1U << block_depth.Value();
+            return block_depth.Value();
         }
     } dest;
 };

src/video_core/engines/fermi_2d.cpp

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 
 #include "common/assert.h"
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
-#include "common/math_util.h"
 #include "video_core/engines/fermi_2d.h"
 #include "video_core/memory_manager.h"
 #include "video_core/rasterizer_interface.h"
@@ -35,21 +34,31 @@ void Fermi2D::HandleSurfaceCopy() {
                 static_cast<u32>(regs.operation));
 
     // TODO(Subv): Only raw copies are implemented.
-    ASSERT(regs.operation == Regs::Operation::SrcCopy);
+    ASSERT(regs.operation == Operation::SrcCopy);
 
     const u32 src_blit_x1{static_cast<u32>(regs.blit_src_x >> 32)};
     const u32 src_blit_y1{static_cast<u32>(regs.blit_src_y >> 32)};
-    const u32 src_blit_x2{
-        static_cast<u32>((regs.blit_src_x + (regs.blit_dst_width * regs.blit_du_dx)) >> 32)};
-    const u32 src_blit_y2{
-        static_cast<u32>((regs.blit_src_y + (regs.blit_dst_height * regs.blit_dv_dy)) >> 32)};
-
+    u32 src_blit_x2, src_blit_y2;
+    if (regs.blit_control.origin == Origin::Corner) {
+        src_blit_x2 =
+            static_cast<u32>((regs.blit_src_x + (regs.blit_du_dx * regs.blit_dst_width)) >> 32);
+        src_blit_y2 =
+            static_cast<u32>((regs.blit_src_y + (regs.blit_dv_dy * regs.blit_dst_height)) >> 32);
+    } else {
+        src_blit_x2 = static_cast<u32>((regs.blit_src_x >> 32) + regs.blit_dst_width);
+        src_blit_y2 = static_cast<u32>((regs.blit_src_y >> 32) + regs.blit_dst_height);
+    }
     const Common::Rectangle<u32> src_rect{src_blit_x1, src_blit_y1, src_blit_x2, src_blit_y2};
     const Common::Rectangle<u32> dst_rect{regs.blit_dst_x, regs.blit_dst_y,
                                           regs.blit_dst_x + regs.blit_dst_width,
                                           regs.blit_dst_y + regs.blit_dst_height};
+    Config copy_config;
+    copy_config.operation = regs.operation;
+    copy_config.filter = regs.blit_control.filter;
+    copy_config.src_rect = src_rect;
+    copy_config.dst_rect = dst_rect;
 
-    if (!rasterizer.AccelerateSurfaceCopy(regs.src, regs.dst, src_rect, dst_rect)) {
+    if (!rasterizer.AccelerateSurfaceCopy(regs.src, regs.dst, copy_config)) {
         UNIMPLEMENTED();
     }
 }

src/video_core/engines/fermi_2d.h

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 #include "common/bit_field.h"
 #include "common/common_funcs.h"
 #include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "common/math_util.h"
 #include "video_core/gpu.h"
 
 namespace Tegra {
@@ -38,6 +39,26 @@ public:
     /// Write the value to the register identified by method.
     void CallMethod(const GPU::MethodCall& method_call);
 
+    enum class Origin : u32 {
+        Center = 0,
+        Corner = 1,
+    };
+
+    enum class Filter : u32 {
+        PointSample = 0, // Nearest
+        Linear = 1,
+    };
+
+    enum class Operation : u32 {
+        SrcCopyAnd = 0,
+        ROPAnd = 1,
+        Blend = 2,
+        SrcCopy = 3,
+        ROP = 4,
+        SrcCopyPremult = 5,
+        BlendPremult = 6,
+    };
+
     struct Regs {
         static constexpr std::size_t NUM_REGS = 0x258;
 
@@ -63,32 +84,19 @@ public:
             }
 
             u32 BlockWidth() const {
-                // The block width is stored in log2 format.
-                return 1 << block_width;
+                return block_width.Value();
             }
 
             u32 BlockHeight() const {
-                // The block height is stored in log2 format.
-                return 1 << block_height;
+                return block_height.Value();
             }
 
             u32 BlockDepth() const {
-                // The block depth is stored in log2 format.
-                return 1 << block_depth;
+                return block_depth.Value();
             }
         };
         static_assert(sizeof(Surface) == 0x28, "Surface has incorrect size");
 
-        enum class Operation : u32 {
-            SrcCopyAnd = 0,
-            ROPAnd = 1,
-            Blend = 2,
-            SrcCopy = 3,
-            ROP = 4,
-            SrcCopyPremult = 5,
-            BlendPremult = 6,
-        };
-
         union {
             struct {
                 INSERT_PADDING_WORDS(0x80);
@@ -105,7 +113,11 @@ public:
 
                 INSERT_PADDING_WORDS(0x177);
 
-                u32 blit_control;
+                union {
+                    u32 raw;
+                    BitField<0, 1, Origin> origin;
+                    BitField<4, 1, Filter> filter;
+                } blit_control;
 
                 INSERT_PADDING_WORDS(0x8);
 
@@ -124,6 +136,13 @@ public:
         };
     } regs{};
 
+    struct Config {
+        Operation operation;
+        Filter filter;
+        Common::Rectangle<u32> src_rect;
+        Common::Rectangle<u32> dst_rect;
+    };
+
 private:
     VideoCore::RasterizerInterface& rasterizer;
     MemoryManager& memory_manager;

src/video_core/engines/maxwell_3d.cpp

@@ -430,14 +430,10 @@ Texture::TICEntry Maxwell3D::GetTICEntry(u32 tic_index) const {
     Texture::TICEntry tic_entry;
     memory_manager.ReadBlockUnsafe(tic_address_gpu, &tic_entry, sizeof(Texture::TICEntry));
 
-    ASSERT_MSG(tic_entry.header_version == Texture::TICHeaderVersion::BlockLinear ||
-                   tic_entry.header_version == Texture::TICHeaderVersion::Pitch,
-               "TIC versions other than BlockLinear or Pitch are unimplemented");
-
-    const auto r_type = tic_entry.r_type.Value();
-    const auto g_type = tic_entry.g_type.Value();
-    const auto b_type = tic_entry.b_type.Value();
-    const auto a_type = tic_entry.a_type.Value();
+    const auto r_type{tic_entry.r_type.Value()};
+    const auto g_type{tic_entry.g_type.Value()};
+    const auto b_type{tic_entry.b_type.Value()};
+    const auto a_type{tic_entry.a_type.Value()};
 
     // TODO(Subv): Different data types for separate components are not supported
     DEBUG_ASSERT(r_type == g_type && r_type == b_type && r_type == a_type);

src/video_core/engines/maxwell_dma.cpp

@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ void MaxwellDMA::HandleCopy() {
 
         memory_manager.WriteBlock(dest, write_buffer.data(), dst_size);
     } else {
-        ASSERT(regs.dst_params.BlockDepth() == 1);
+        ASSERT(regs.dst_params.BlockDepth() == 0);
 
         const u32 src_bytes_per_pixel = regs.src_pitch / regs.x_count;
 

src/video_core/engines/maxwell_dma.h

@@ -59,11 +59,11 @@ public:
             };
 
             u32 BlockHeight() const {
-                return 1 << block_height;
+                return block_height.Value();
             }
 
             u32 BlockDepth() const {
-                return 1 << block_depth;
+                return block_depth.Value();
             }
         };
 

src/video_core/engines/shader_bytecode.h

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <array>
 #include <bitset>
 #include <optional>
 #include <tuple>
@@ -126,6 +127,15 @@ union Sampler {
     u64 value{};
 };
 
+union Image {
+    Image() = default;
+
+    constexpr explicit Image(u64 value) : value{value} {}
+
+    BitField<36, 13, u64> index;
+    u64 value;
+};
+
 } // namespace Tegra::Shader
 
 namespace std {
@@ -344,6 +354,26 @@ enum class TextureMiscMode : u64 {
     PTP,
 };
 
+enum class SurfaceDataMode : u64 {
+    P = 0,
+    D_BA = 1,
+};
+
+enum class OutOfBoundsStore : u64 {
+    Ignore = 0,
+    Clamp = 1,
+    Trap = 2,
+};
+
+enum class ImageType : u64 {
+    Texture1D = 0,
+    TextureBuffer = 1,
+    Texture1DArray = 2,
+    Texture2D = 3,
+    Texture2DArray = 4,
+    Texture3D = 5,
+};
+
 enum class IsberdMode : u64 {
     None = 0,
     Patch = 1,
@@ -398,7 +428,7 @@ enum class LmemLoadCacheManagement : u64 {
     CV = 3,
 };
 
-enum class LmemStoreCacheManagement : u64 {
+enum class StoreCacheManagement : u64 {
     Default = 0,
     CG = 1,
     CS = 2,
@@ -811,7 +841,7 @@ union Instruction {
     } ld_l;
 
     union {
-        BitField<44, 2, LmemStoreCacheManagement> cache_management;
+        BitField<44, 2, StoreCacheManagement> cache_management;
     } st_l;
 
     union {
@@ -1231,6 +1261,20 @@ union Instruction {
         }
     } texs;
 
+    union {
+        BitField<28, 1, u64> is_array;
+        BitField<29, 2, TextureType> texture_type;
+        BitField<35, 1, u64> aoffi;
+        BitField<49, 1, u64> nodep_flag;
+        BitField<50, 1, u64> ms; // Multisample?
+        BitField<54, 1, u64> cl;
+        BitField<55, 1, u64> process_mode;
+
+        TextureProcessMode GetTextureProcessMode() const {
+            return process_mode == 0 ? TextureProcessMode::LZ : TextureProcessMode::LL;
+        }
+    } tld;
+
     union {
         BitField<49, 1, u64> nodep_flag;
         BitField<53, 4, u64> texture_info;
@@ -1280,6 +1324,35 @@ union Instruction {
         }
     } tlds;
 
+    union {
+        BitField<24, 2, StoreCacheManagement> cache_management;
+        BitField<33, 3, ImageType> image_type;
+        BitField<49, 2, OutOfBoundsStore> out_of_bounds_store;
+        BitField<51, 1, u64> is_immediate;
+        BitField<52, 1, SurfaceDataMode> mode;
+
+        BitField<20, 3, StoreType> store_data_layout;
+        BitField<20, 4, u64> component_mask_selector;
+
+        bool IsComponentEnabled(std::size_t component) const {
+            ASSERT(mode == SurfaceDataMode::P);
+            constexpr u8 R = 0b0001;
+            constexpr u8 G = 0b0010;
+            constexpr u8 B = 0b0100;
+            constexpr u8 A = 0b1000;
+            constexpr std::array<u8, 16> mask = {
+                0,       (R),         (G),         (R | G),        (B),     (R | B),
+                (G | B), (R | G | B), (A),         (R | A),        (G | A), (R | G | A),
+                (B | A), (R | B | A), (G | B | A), (R | G | B | A)};
+            return std::bitset<4>{mask.at(component_mask_selector)}.test(component);
+        }
+
+        StoreType GetStoreDataLayout() const {
+            ASSERT(mode == SurfaceDataMode::D_BA);
+            return store_data_layout;
+        }
+    } sust;
+
     union {
         BitField<20, 24, u64> target;
         BitField<5, 1, u64> constant_buffer;
@@ -1371,6 +1444,7 @@ union Instruction {
 
     Attribute attribute;
     Sampler sampler;
+    Image image;
 
     u64 value;
 };
@@ -1408,11 +1482,13 @@ public:
         TXQ,    // Texture Query
         TXQ_B,  // Texture Query Bindless
         TEXS,   // Texture Fetch with scalar/non-vec4 source/destinations
+        TLD,    // Texture Load
         TLDS,   // Texture Load with scalar/non-vec4 source/destinations
         TLD4,   // Texture Load 4
         TLD4S,  // Texture Load 4 with scalar / non - vec4 source / destinations
         TMML_B, // Texture Mip Map Level
         TMML,   // Texture Mip Map Level
+        SUST,   // Surface Store
         EXIT,
         IPA,
         OUT_R, // Emit vertex/primitive
@@ -1543,6 +1619,7 @@ public:
         Synch,
         Memory,
         Texture,
+        Image,
         FloatSet,
         FloatSetPredicate,
         IntegerSet,
@@ -1682,11 +1759,13 @@ private:
             INST("1101111101001---", Id::TXQ, Type::Texture, "TXQ"),
             INST("1101111101010---", Id::TXQ_B, Type::Texture, "TXQ_B"),
             INST("1101-00---------", Id::TEXS, Type::Texture, "TEXS"),
+            INST("11011100--11----", Id::TLD, Type::Texture, "TLD"),
             INST("1101101---------", Id::TLDS, Type::Texture, "TLDS"),
             INST("110010----111---", Id::TLD4, Type::Texture, "TLD4"),
             INST("1101111100------", Id::TLD4S, Type::Texture, "TLD4S"),
             INST("110111110110----", Id::TMML_B, Type::Texture, "TMML_B"),
             INST("1101111101011---", Id::TMML, Type::Texture, "TMML"),
+            INST("11101011001-----", Id::SUST, Type::Image, "SUST"),
             INST("11100000--------", Id::IPA, Type::Trivial, "IPA"),
             INST("1111101111100---", Id::OUT_R, Type::Trivial, "OUT_R"),
             INST("1110111111010---", Id::ISBERD, Type::Trivial, "ISBERD"),

src/video_core/memory_manager.cpp

@@ -202,11 +202,12 @@ const u8* MemoryManager::GetPointer(GPUVAddr addr) const {
 }
 
 bool MemoryManager::IsBlockContinuous(const GPUVAddr start, const std::size_t size) const {
-    const GPUVAddr end = start + size;
+    const std::size_t inner_size = size - 1;
+    const GPUVAddr end = start + inner_size;
     const auto host_ptr_start = reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(GetPointer(start));
     const auto host_ptr_end = reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(GetPointer(end));
     const auto range = static_cast<std::size_t>(host_ptr_end - host_ptr_start);
-    return range == size;
+    return range == inner_size;
 }
 
 void MemoryManager::ReadBlock(GPUVAddr src_addr, void* dest_buffer, const std::size_t size) const {

src/video_core/rasterizer_interface.h

@@ -10,6 +10,10 @@
 #include "video_core/engines/fermi_2d.h"
 #include "video_core/gpu.h"
 
+namespace Tegra {
+class MemoryManager;
+}
+
 namespace VideoCore {
 
 enum class LoadCallbackStage {
@@ -46,8 +50,7 @@ public:
     /// Attempt to use a faster method to perform a surface copy
     virtual bool AccelerateSurfaceCopy(const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Regs::Surface& src,
                                        const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Regs::Surface& dst,
-                                       const Common::Rectangle<u32>& src_rect,
-                                       const Common::Rectangle<u32>& dst_rect) {
+                                       const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Config& copy_config) {
         return false;
     }
 

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_framebuffer_cache.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+// Copyright 2019 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#include <tuple>
+
+#include "common/cityhash.h"
+#include "common/scope_exit.h"
+#include "video_core/engines/maxwell_3d.h"
+#include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_framebuffer_cache.h"
+#include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_state.h"
+
+namespace OpenGL {
+
+using Maxwell = Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs;
+
+FramebufferCacheOpenGL::FramebufferCacheOpenGL() = default;
+
+FramebufferCacheOpenGL::~FramebufferCacheOpenGL() = default;
+
+GLuint FramebufferCacheOpenGL::GetFramebuffer(const FramebufferCacheKey& key) {
+    const auto [entry, is_cache_miss] = cache.try_emplace(key);
+    auto& framebuffer{entry->second};
+    if (is_cache_miss) {
+        framebuffer = CreateFramebuffer(key);
+    }
+    return framebuffer.handle;
+}
+
+OGLFramebuffer FramebufferCacheOpenGL::CreateFramebuffer(const FramebufferCacheKey& key) {
+    OGLFramebuffer framebuffer;
+    framebuffer.Create();
+
+    // TODO(Rodrigo): Use DSA here after Nvidia fixes their framebuffer DSA bugs.
+    local_state.draw.draw_framebuffer = framebuffer.handle;
+    local_state.ApplyFramebufferState();
+
+    if (key.is_single_buffer) {
+        if (key.color_attachments[0] != GL_NONE && key.colors[0]) {
+            key.colors[0]->Attach(key.color_attachments[0], GL_DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER);
+            glDrawBuffer(key.color_attachments[0]);
+        } else {
+            glDrawBuffer(GL_NONE);
+        }
+    } else {
+        for (std::size_t index = 0; index < Maxwell::NumRenderTargets; ++index) {
+            if (key.colors[index]) {
+                key.colors[index]->Attach(GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0 + static_cast<GLenum>(index),
+                                          GL_DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER);
+            }
+        }
+        glDrawBuffers(key.colors_count, key.color_attachments.data());
+    }
+
+    if (key.zeta) {
+        key.zeta->Attach(key.stencil_enable ? GL_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT : GL_DEPTH_ATTACHMENT,
+                         GL_DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER);
+    }
+
+    return framebuffer;
+}
+
+std::size_t FramebufferCacheKey::Hash() const {
+    static_assert(sizeof(*this) % sizeof(u64) == 0, "Unaligned struct");
+    return static_cast<std::size_t>(
+        Common::CityHash64(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(this), sizeof(*this)));
+}
+
+bool FramebufferCacheKey::operator==(const FramebufferCacheKey& rhs) const {
+    return std::tie(is_single_buffer, stencil_enable, colors_count, color_attachments, colors,
+                    zeta) == std::tie(rhs.is_single_buffer, rhs.stencil_enable, rhs.colors_count,
+                                      rhs.color_attachments, rhs.colors, rhs.zeta);
+}
+
+} // namespace OpenGL

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_framebuffer_cache.h

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+// Copyright 2019 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <array>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <unordered_map>
+
+#include <glad/glad.h>
+
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "video_core/engines/maxwell_3d.h"
+#include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_resource_manager.h"
+#include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_state.h"
+#include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_texture_cache.h"
+
+namespace OpenGL {
+
+struct alignas(sizeof(u64)) FramebufferCacheKey {
+    bool is_single_buffer = false;
+    bool stencil_enable = false;
+    u16 colors_count = 0;
+
+    std::array<GLenum, Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::NumRenderTargets> color_attachments{};
+    std::array<View, Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::NumRenderTargets> colors;
+    View zeta;
+
+    std::size_t Hash() const;
+
+    bool operator==(const FramebufferCacheKey& rhs) const;
+
+    bool operator!=(const FramebufferCacheKey& rhs) const {
+        return !operator==(rhs);
+    }
+};
+
+} // namespace OpenGL
+
+namespace std {
+
+template <>
+struct hash<OpenGL::FramebufferCacheKey> {
+    std::size_t operator()(const OpenGL::FramebufferCacheKey& k) const noexcept {
+        return k.Hash();
+    }
+};
+
+} // namespace std
+
+namespace OpenGL {
+
+class FramebufferCacheOpenGL {
+public:
+    FramebufferCacheOpenGL();
+    ~FramebufferCacheOpenGL();
+
+    GLuint GetFramebuffer(const FramebufferCacheKey& key);
+
+private:
+    OGLFramebuffer CreateFramebuffer(const FramebufferCacheKey& key);
+
+    OpenGLState local_state;
+    std::unordered_map<FramebufferCacheKey, OGLFramebuffer> cache;
+};
+
+} // namespace OpenGL

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer.cpp

@@ -29,8 +29,10 @@
 namespace OpenGL {
 
 using Maxwell = Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs;
-using PixelFormat = VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat;
-using SurfaceType = VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceType;
+
+using VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat;
+using VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceTarget;
+using VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceType;
 
 MICROPROFILE_DEFINE(OpenGL_VAO, "OpenGL", "Vertex Format Setup", MP_RGB(128, 128, 192));
 MICROPROFILE_DEFINE(OpenGL_VB, "OpenGL", "Vertex Buffer Setup", MP_RGB(128, 128, 192));
@@ -78,29 +80,9 @@ struct DrawParameters {
     }
 };
 
-struct FramebufferCacheKey {
-    bool is_single_buffer = false;
-    bool stencil_enable = false;
-
-    std::array<GLenum, Maxwell::NumRenderTargets> color_attachments{};
-    std::array<GLuint, Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::NumRenderTargets> colors{};
-    u32 colors_count = 0;
-
-    GLuint zeta = 0;
-
-    auto Tie() const {
-        return std::tie(is_single_buffer, stencil_enable, color_attachments, colors, colors_count,
-                        zeta);
-    }
-
-    bool operator<(const FramebufferCacheKey& rhs) const {
-        return Tie() < rhs.Tie();
-    }
-};
-
 RasterizerOpenGL::RasterizerOpenGL(Core::System& system, Core::Frontend::EmuWindow& emu_window,
                                    ScreenInfo& info)
-    : res_cache{*this}, shader_cache{*this, system, emu_window, device},
+    : texture_cache{system, *this, device}, shader_cache{*this, system, emu_window, device},
       global_cache{*this}, system{system}, screen_info{info},
       buffer_cache(*this, STREAM_BUFFER_SIZE) {
     OpenGLState::ApplyDefaultState();
@@ -121,11 +103,6 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::CheckExtensions() {
             Render_OpenGL,
             "Anisotropic filter is not supported! This can cause graphical issues in some games.");
     }
-    if (!GLAD_GL_ARB_buffer_storage) {
-        LOG_WARNING(
-            Render_OpenGL,
-            "Buffer storage control is not supported! This can cause performance degradation.");
-    }
 }
 
 GLuint RasterizerOpenGL::SetupVertexFormat() {
@@ -302,8 +279,14 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::SetupShaders(GLenum primitive_mode) {
                                  static_cast<GLsizeiptr>(sizeof(ubo)));
 
         Shader shader{shader_cache.GetStageProgram(program)};
-        const auto [program_handle, next_bindings] =
-            shader->GetProgramHandle(primitive_mode, base_bindings);
+
+        const auto stage_enum{static_cast<Maxwell::ShaderStage>(stage)};
+        SetupDrawConstBuffers(stage_enum, shader);
+        SetupGlobalRegions(stage_enum, shader);
+        const auto texture_buffer_usage{SetupTextures(stage_enum, shader, base_bindings)};
+
+        const ProgramVariant variant{base_bindings, primitive_mode, texture_buffer_usage};
+        const auto [program_handle, next_bindings] = shader->GetProgramHandle(variant);
 
         switch (program) {
         case Maxwell::ShaderProgram::VertexA:
@@ -321,11 +304,6 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::SetupShaders(GLenum primitive_mode) {
                               shader_config.enable.Value(), shader_config.offset);
         }
 
-        const auto stage_enum = static_cast<Maxwell::ShaderStage>(stage);
-        SetupDrawConstBuffers(stage_enum, shader);
-        SetupGlobalRegions(stage_enum, shader);
-        SetupTextures(stage_enum, shader, base_bindings);
-
         // Workaround for Intel drivers.
         // When a clip distance is enabled but not set in the shader it crops parts of the screen
         // (sometimes it's half the screen, sometimes three quarters). To avoid this, enable the
@@ -351,44 +329,6 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::SetupShaders(GLenum primitive_mode) {
     gpu.dirty_flags.shaders = false;
 }
 
-void RasterizerOpenGL::SetupCachedFramebuffer(const FramebufferCacheKey& fbkey,
-                                              OpenGLState& current_state) {
-    const auto [entry, is_cache_miss] = framebuffer_cache.try_emplace(fbkey);
-    auto& framebuffer = entry->second;
-
-    if (is_cache_miss)
-        framebuffer.Create();
-
-    current_state.draw.draw_framebuffer = framebuffer.handle;
-    current_state.ApplyFramebufferState();
-
-    if (!is_cache_miss)
-        return;
-
-    if (fbkey.is_single_buffer) {
-        if (fbkey.color_attachments[0] != GL_NONE) {
-            glFramebufferTexture(GL_DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, fbkey.color_attachments[0], fbkey.colors[0],
-                                 0);
-        }
-        glDrawBuffer(fbkey.color_attachments[0]);
-    } else {
-        for (std::size_t index = 0; index < Maxwell::NumRenderTargets; ++index) {
-            if (fbkey.colors[index]) {
-                glFramebufferTexture(GL_DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER,
-                                     GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0 + static_cast<GLenum>(index),
-                                     fbkey.colors[index], 0);
-            }
-        }
-        glDrawBuffers(fbkey.colors_count, fbkey.color_attachments.data());
-    }
-
-    if (fbkey.zeta) {
-        GLenum zeta_attachment =
-            fbkey.stencil_enable ? GL_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT : GL_DEPTH_ATTACHMENT;
-        glFramebufferTexture(GL_DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, zeta_attachment, fbkey.zeta, 0);
-    }
-}
-
 std::size_t RasterizerOpenGL::CalculateVertexArraysSize() const {
     const auto& regs = system.GPU().Maxwell3D().regs;
 
@@ -478,9 +418,13 @@ std::pair<bool, bool> RasterizerOpenGL::ConfigureFramebuffers(
     }
     current_framebuffer_config_state = fb_config_state;
 
-    Surface depth_surface;
+    texture_cache.GuardRenderTargets(true);
+
+    View depth_surface{};
     if (using_depth_fb) {
-        depth_surface = res_cache.GetDepthBufferSurface(preserve_contents);
+        depth_surface = texture_cache.GetDepthBufferSurface(preserve_contents);
+    } else {
+        texture_cache.SetEmptyDepthBuffer();
     }
 
     UNIMPLEMENTED_IF(regs.rt_separate_frag_data == 0);
@@ -493,13 +437,13 @@ std::pair<bool, bool> RasterizerOpenGL::ConfigureFramebuffers(
     if (using_color_fb) {
         if (single_color_target) {
             // Used when just a single color attachment is enabled, e.g. for clearing a color buffer
-            Surface color_surface =
-                res_cache.GetColorBufferSurface(*single_color_target, preserve_contents);
+            View color_surface{
+                texture_cache.GetColorBufferSurface(*single_color_target, preserve_contents)};
 
             if (color_surface) {
                 // Assume that a surface will be written to if it is used as a framebuffer, even if
                 // the shader doesn't actually write to it.
-                color_surface->MarkAsModified(true, res_cache);
+                texture_cache.MarkColorBufferInUse(*single_color_target);
                 // Workaround for and issue in nvidia drivers
                 // https://devtalk.nvidia.com/default/topic/776591/opengl/gl_framebuffer_srgb-functions-incorrectly/
                 state.framebuffer_srgb.enabled |= color_surface->GetSurfaceParams().srgb_conversion;
@@ -508,16 +452,21 @@ std::pair<bool, bool> RasterizerOpenGL::ConfigureFramebuffers(
             fbkey.is_single_buffer = true;
             fbkey.color_attachments[0] =
                 GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0 + static_cast<GLenum>(*single_color_target);
-            fbkey.colors[0] = color_surface != nullptr ? color_surface->Texture().handle : 0;
+            fbkey.colors[0] = color_surface;
+            for (std::size_t index = 0; index < Maxwell::NumRenderTargets; ++index) {
+                if (index != *single_color_target) {
+                    texture_cache.SetEmptyColorBuffer(index);
+                }
+            }
         } else {
             // Multiple color attachments are enabled
             for (std::size_t index = 0; index < Maxwell::NumRenderTargets; ++index) {
-                Surface color_surface = res_cache.GetColorBufferSurface(index, preserve_contents);
+                View color_surface{texture_cache.GetColorBufferSurface(index, preserve_contents)};
 
                 if (color_surface) {
                     // Assume that a surface will be written to if it is used as a framebuffer, even
                     // if the shader doesn't actually write to it.
-                    color_surface->MarkAsModified(true, res_cache);
+                    texture_cache.MarkColorBufferInUse(index);
                     // Enable sRGB only for supported formats
                     // Workaround for and issue in nvidia drivers
                     // https://devtalk.nvidia.com/default/topic/776591/opengl/gl_framebuffer_srgb-functions-incorrectly/
@@ -527,8 +476,7 @@ std::pair<bool, bool> RasterizerOpenGL::ConfigureFramebuffers(
 
                 fbkey.color_attachments[index] =
                     GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0 + regs.rt_control.GetMap(index);
-                fbkey.colors[index] =
-                    color_surface != nullptr ? color_surface->Texture().handle : 0;
+                fbkey.colors[index] = color_surface;
             }
             fbkey.is_single_buffer = false;
             fbkey.colors_count = regs.rt_control.count;
@@ -541,14 +489,16 @@ std::pair<bool, bool> RasterizerOpenGL::ConfigureFramebuffers(
     if (depth_surface) {
         // Assume that a surface will be written to if it is used as a framebuffer, even if
         // the shader doesn't actually write to it.
-        depth_surface->MarkAsModified(true, res_cache);
+        texture_cache.MarkDepthBufferInUse();
 
-        fbkey.zeta = depth_surface->Texture().handle;
+        fbkey.zeta = depth_surface;
         fbkey.stencil_enable = regs.stencil_enable &&
                                depth_surface->GetSurfaceParams().type == SurfaceType::DepthStencil;
     }
 
-    SetupCachedFramebuffer(fbkey, current_state);
+    texture_cache.GuardRenderTargets(false);
+
+    current_state.draw.draw_framebuffer = framebuffer_cache.GetFramebuffer(fbkey);
     SyncViewport(current_state);
 
     return current_depth_stencil_usage = {static_cast<bool>(depth_surface), fbkey.stencil_enable};
@@ -630,6 +580,7 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::Clear() {
     clear_state.ApplyDepth();
     clear_state.ApplyStencilTest();
     clear_state.ApplyViewport();
+    clear_state.ApplyFramebufferState();
 
     if (use_color) {
         glClearBufferfv(GL_COLOR, regs.clear_buffers.RT, regs.clear_color);
@@ -652,7 +603,6 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::DrawArrays() {
     auto& gpu = system.GPU().Maxwell3D();
     const auto& regs = gpu.regs;
 
-    ConfigureFramebuffers(state);
     SyncColorMask();
     SyncFragmentColorClampState();
     SyncMultiSampleState();
@@ -697,16 +647,22 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::DrawArrays() {
     SetupVertexBuffer(vao);
 
     DrawParameters params = SetupDraw();
+    texture_cache.GuardSamplers(true);
     SetupShaders(params.primitive_mode);
+    texture_cache.GuardSamplers(false);
+
+    ConfigureFramebuffers(state);
 
     buffer_cache.Unmap();
 
     shader_program_manager->ApplyTo(state);
     state.Apply();
 
-    res_cache.SignalPreDrawCall();
+    if (texture_cache.TextureBarrier()) {
+        glTextureBarrier();
+    }
+
     params.DispatchDraw();
-    res_cache.SignalPostDrawCall();
 
     accelerate_draw = AccelDraw::Disabled;
 }
@@ -718,7 +674,7 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::FlushRegion(CacheAddr addr, u64 size) {
     if (!addr || !size) {
         return;
     }
-    res_cache.FlushRegion(addr, size);
+    texture_cache.FlushRegion(addr, size);
     global_cache.FlushRegion(addr, size);
 }
 
@@ -727,23 +683,24 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::InvalidateRegion(CacheAddr addr, u64 size) {
     if (!addr || !size) {
         return;
     }
-    res_cache.InvalidateRegion(addr, size);
+    texture_cache.InvalidateRegion(addr, size);
     shader_cache.InvalidateRegion(addr, size);
     global_cache.InvalidateRegion(addr, size);
     buffer_cache.InvalidateRegion(addr, size);
 }
 
 void RasterizerOpenGL::FlushAndInvalidateRegion(CacheAddr addr, u64 size) {
-    FlushRegion(addr, size);
+    if (Settings::values.use_accurate_gpu_emulation) {
+        FlushRegion(addr, size);
+    }
     InvalidateRegion(addr, size);
 }
 
 bool RasterizerOpenGL::AccelerateSurfaceCopy(const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Regs::Surface& src,
                                              const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Regs::Surface& dst,
-                                             const Common::Rectangle<u32>& src_rect,
-                                             const Common::Rectangle<u32>& dst_rect) {
+                                             const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Config& copy_config) {
     MICROPROFILE_SCOPE(OpenGL_Blits);
-    res_cache.FermiCopySurface(src, dst, src_rect, dst_rect);
+    texture_cache.DoFermiCopy(src, dst, copy_config);
     return true;
 }
 
@@ -755,7 +712,8 @@ bool RasterizerOpenGL::AccelerateDisplay(const Tegra::FramebufferConfig& config,
 
     MICROPROFILE_SCOPE(OpenGL_CacheManagement);
 
-    const auto& surface{res_cache.TryFindFramebufferSurface(Memory::GetPointer(framebuffer_addr))};
+    const auto surface{
+        texture_cache.TryFindFramebufferSurface(Memory::GetPointer(framebuffer_addr))};
     if (!surface) {
         return {};
     }
@@ -771,7 +729,7 @@ bool RasterizerOpenGL::AccelerateDisplay(const Tegra::FramebufferConfig& config,
         LOG_WARNING(Render_OpenGL, "Framebuffer pixel_format is different");
     }
 
-    screen_info.display_texture = surface->Texture().handle;
+    screen_info.display_texture = surface->GetTexture();
 
     return true;
 }
@@ -837,8 +795,8 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::SetupGlobalRegions(Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::Shade
     }
 }
 
-void RasterizerOpenGL::SetupTextures(Maxwell::ShaderStage stage, const Shader& shader,
-                                     BaseBindings base_bindings) {
+TextureBufferUsage RasterizerOpenGL::SetupTextures(Maxwell::ShaderStage stage, const Shader& shader,
+                                                   BaseBindings base_bindings) {
     MICROPROFILE_SCOPE(OpenGL_Texture);
     const auto& gpu = system.GPU();
     const auto& maxwell3d = gpu.Maxwell3D();
@@ -847,6 +805,8 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::SetupTextures(Maxwell::ShaderStage stage, const Shader& s
     ASSERT_MSG(base_bindings.sampler + entries.size() <= std::size(state.texture_units),
                "Exceeded the number of active textures.");
 
+    TextureBufferUsage texture_buffer_usage{0};
+
     for (u32 bindpoint = 0; bindpoint < entries.size(); ++bindpoint) {
         const auto& entry = entries[bindpoint];
         Tegra::Texture::FullTextureInfo texture;
@@ -860,18 +820,26 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::SetupTextures(Maxwell::ShaderStage stage, const Shader& s
         }
         const u32 current_bindpoint = base_bindings.sampler + bindpoint;
 
-        state.texture_units[current_bindpoint].sampler = sampler_cache.GetSampler(texture.tsc);
+        auto& unit{state.texture_units[current_bindpoint]};
+        unit.sampler = sampler_cache.GetSampler(texture.tsc);
 
-        if (Surface surface = res_cache.GetTextureSurface(texture, entry); surface) {
-            state.texture_units[current_bindpoint].texture =
-                surface->Texture(entry.IsArray()).handle;
-            surface->UpdateSwizzle(texture.tic.x_source, texture.tic.y_source, texture.tic.z_source,
+        if (const auto view{texture_cache.GetTextureSurface(texture, entry)}; view) {
+            if (view->GetSurfaceParams().IsBuffer()) {
+                // Record that this texture is a texture buffer.
+                texture_buffer_usage.set(bindpoint);
+            } else {
+                // Apply swizzle to textures that are not buffers.
+                view->ApplySwizzle(texture.tic.x_source, texture.tic.y_source, texture.tic.z_source,
                                    texture.tic.w_source);
+            }
+            state.texture_units[current_bindpoint].texture = view->GetTexture();
         } else {
             // Can occur when texture addr is null or its memory is unmapped/invalid
-            state.texture_units[current_bindpoint].texture = 0;
+            unit.texture = 0;
         }
     }
+
+    return texture_buffer_usage;
 }
 
 void RasterizerOpenGL::SyncViewport(OpenGLState& current_state) {

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer.h

@@ -23,14 +23,15 @@
 #include "video_core/rasterizer_interface.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_buffer_cache.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_device.h"
+#include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_framebuffer_cache.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_global_cache.h"
-#include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer_cache.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_resource_manager.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_sampler_cache.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_shader_cache.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_shader_decompiler.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_shader_manager.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_state.h"
+#include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_texture_cache.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_opengl/utils.h"
 
 namespace Core {
@@ -41,11 +42,14 @@ namespace Core::Frontend {
 class EmuWindow;
 }
 
+namespace Tegra {
+class MemoryManager;
+}
+
 namespace OpenGL {
 
 struct ScreenInfo;
 struct DrawParameters;
-struct FramebufferCacheKey;
 
 class RasterizerOpenGL : public VideoCore::RasterizerInterface {
 public:
@@ -61,8 +65,7 @@ public:
     void FlushAndInvalidateRegion(CacheAddr addr, u64 size) override;
     bool AccelerateSurfaceCopy(const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Regs::Surface& src,
                                const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Regs::Surface& dst,
-                               const Common::Rectangle<u32>& src_rect,
-                               const Common::Rectangle<u32>& dst_rect) override;
+                               const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Config& copy_config) override;
     bool AccelerateDisplay(const Tegra::FramebufferConfig& config, VAddr framebuffer_addr,
                            u32 pixel_stride) override;
     bool AccelerateDrawBatch(bool is_indexed) override;
@@ -95,6 +98,8 @@ private:
 
     /**
      * Configures the color and depth framebuffer states.
+     * @param must_reconfigure If true, tells the framebuffer to skip the cache and reconfigure
+     * again. Used by the texture cache to solve texception conflicts
      * @param use_color_fb If true, configure color framebuffers.
      * @param using_depth_fb If true, configure the depth/stencil framebuffer.
      * @param preserve_contents If true, tries to preserve data from a previously used framebuffer.
@@ -118,9 +123,10 @@ private:
     void SetupGlobalRegions(Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::ShaderStage stage,
                             const Shader& shader);
 
-    /// Configures the current textures to use for the draw command.
-    void SetupTextures(Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::ShaderStage stage, const Shader& shader,
-                       BaseBindings base_bindings);
+    /// Configures the current textures to use for the draw command. Returns shaders texture buffer
+    /// usage.
+    TextureBufferUsage SetupTextures(Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::ShaderStage stage,
+                                     const Shader& shader, BaseBindings base_bindings);
 
     /// Syncs the viewport and depth range to match the guest state
     void SyncViewport(OpenGLState& current_state);
@@ -181,10 +187,11 @@ private:
     const Device device;
     OpenGLState state;
 
-    RasterizerCacheOpenGL res_cache;
+    TextureCacheOpenGL texture_cache;
     ShaderCacheOpenGL shader_cache;
     GlobalRegionCacheOpenGL global_cache;
     SamplerCacheOpenGL sampler_cache;
+    FramebufferCacheOpenGL framebuffer_cache;
 
     Core::System& system;
     ScreenInfo& screen_info;
@@ -195,7 +202,6 @@ private:
              OGLVertexArray>
         vertex_array_cache;
 
-    std::map<FramebufferCacheKey, OGLFramebuffer> framebuffer_cache;
     FramebufferConfigState current_framebuffer_config_state;
     std::pair<bool, bool> current_depth_stencil_usage{};
 
@@ -218,8 +224,6 @@ private:
 
     void SetupShaders(GLenum primitive_mode);
 
-    void SetupCachedFramebuffer(const FramebufferCacheKey& fbkey, OpenGLState& current_state);
-
     enum class AccelDraw { Disabled, Arrays, Indexed };
     AccelDraw accelerate_draw = AccelDraw::Disabled;
 

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer_cache.h

@@ -1,572 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2018 yuzu Emulator Project
-// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
-// Refer to the license.txt file included.
-
-#pragma once
-
-#include <array>
-#include <memory>
-#include <string>
-#include <tuple>
-#include <vector>
-
-#include "common/alignment.h"
-#include "common/bit_util.h"
-#include "common/common_types.h"
-#include "common/hash.h"
-#include "common/math_util.h"
-#include "video_core/engines/fermi_2d.h"
-#include "video_core/engines/maxwell_3d.h"
-#include "video_core/rasterizer_cache.h"
-#include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_resource_manager.h"
-#include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_shader_gen.h"
-#include "video_core/surface.h"
-#include "video_core/textures/decoders.h"
-#include "video_core/textures/texture.h"
-
-namespace OpenGL {
-
-class CachedSurface;
-using Surface = std::shared_ptr<CachedSurface>;
-using SurfaceSurfaceRect_Tuple = std::tuple<Surface, Surface, Common::Rectangle<u32>>;
-
-using SurfaceTarget = VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceTarget;
-using SurfaceType = VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceType;
-using PixelFormat = VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat;
-using ComponentType = VideoCore::Surface::ComponentType;
-using Maxwell = Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs;
-
-struct SurfaceParams {
-    enum class SurfaceClass {
-        Uploaded,
-        RenderTarget,
-        DepthBuffer,
-        Copy,
-    };
-
-    static std::string SurfaceTargetName(SurfaceTarget target) {
-        switch (target) {
-        case SurfaceTarget::Texture1D:
-            return "Texture1D";
-        case SurfaceTarget::Texture2D:
-            return "Texture2D";
-        case SurfaceTarget::Texture3D:
-            return "Texture3D";
-        case SurfaceTarget::Texture1DArray:
-            return "Texture1DArray";
-        case SurfaceTarget::Texture2DArray:
-            return "Texture2DArray";
-        case SurfaceTarget::TextureCubemap:
-            return "TextureCubemap";
-        case SurfaceTarget::TextureCubeArray:
-            return "TextureCubeArray";
-        default:
-            LOG_CRITICAL(HW_GPU, "Unimplemented surface_target={}", static_cast<u32>(target));
-            UNREACHABLE();
-            return fmt::format("TextureUnknown({})", static_cast<u32>(target));
-        }
-    }
-
-    u32 GetFormatBpp() const {
-        return VideoCore::Surface::GetFormatBpp(pixel_format);
-    }
-
-    /// Returns the rectangle corresponding to this surface
-    Common::Rectangle<u32> GetRect(u32 mip_level = 0) const;
-
-    /// Returns the total size of this surface in bytes, adjusted for compression
-    std::size_t SizeInBytesRaw(bool ignore_tiled = false) const {
-        const u32 compression_factor{GetCompressionFactor(pixel_format)};
-        const u32 bytes_per_pixel{GetBytesPerPixel(pixel_format)};
-        const size_t uncompressed_size{
-            Tegra::Texture::CalculateSize((ignore_tiled ? false : is_tiled), bytes_per_pixel, width,
-                                          height, depth, block_height, block_depth)};
-
-        // Divide by compression_factor^2, as height and width are factored by this
-        return uncompressed_size / (compression_factor * compression_factor);
-    }
-
-    /// Returns the size of this surface as an OpenGL texture in bytes
-    std::size_t SizeInBytesGL() const {
-        return SizeInBytesRaw(true);
-    }
-
-    /// Returns the size of this surface as a cube face in bytes
-    std::size_t SizeInBytesCubeFace() const {
-        return size_in_bytes / 6;
-    }
-
-    /// Returns the size of this surface as an OpenGL cube face in bytes
-    std::size_t SizeInBytesCubeFaceGL() const {
-        return size_in_bytes_gl / 6;
-    }
-
-    /// Returns the exact size of memory occupied by the texture in VRAM, including mipmaps.
-    std::size_t MemorySize() const {
-        std::size_t size = InnerMemorySize(false, is_layered);
-        if (is_layered)
-            return size * depth;
-        return size;
-    }
-
-    /// Returns true if the parameters constitute a valid rasterizer surface.
-    bool IsValid() const {
-        return gpu_addr && host_ptr && height && width;
-    }
-
-    /// Returns the exact size of the memory occupied by a layer in a texture in VRAM, including
-    /// mipmaps.
-    std::size_t LayerMemorySize() const {
-        return InnerMemorySize(false, true);
-    }
-
-    /// Returns the size of a layer of this surface in OpenGL.
-    std::size_t LayerSizeGL(u32 mip_level) const {
-        return InnerMipmapMemorySize(mip_level, true, is_layered, false);
-    }
-
-    std::size_t GetMipmapSizeGL(u32 mip_level, bool ignore_compressed = true) const {
-        std::size_t size = InnerMipmapMemorySize(mip_level, true, is_layered, ignore_compressed);
-        if (is_layered)
-            return size * depth;
-        return size;
-    }
-
-    std::size_t GetMipmapLevelOffset(u32 mip_level) const {
-        std::size_t offset = 0;
-        for (u32 i = 0; i < mip_level; i++)
-            offset += InnerMipmapMemorySize(i, false, is_layered);
-        return offset;
-    }
-
-    std::size_t GetMipmapLevelOffsetGL(u32 mip_level) const {
-        std::size_t offset = 0;
-        for (u32 i = 0; i < mip_level; i++)
-            offset += InnerMipmapMemorySize(i, true, is_layered);
-        return offset;
-    }
-
-    std::size_t GetMipmapSingleSize(u32 mip_level) const {
-        return InnerMipmapMemorySize(mip_level, false, is_layered);
-    }
-
-    u32 MipWidth(u32 mip_level) const {
-        return std::max(1U, width >> mip_level);
-    }
-
-    u32 MipWidthGobAligned(u32 mip_level) const {
-        return Common::AlignUp(std::max(1U, width >> mip_level), 64U * 8U / GetFormatBpp());
-    }
-
-    u32 MipHeight(u32 mip_level) const {
-        return std::max(1U, height >> mip_level);
-    }
-
-    u32 MipDepth(u32 mip_level) const {
-        return is_layered ? depth : std::max(1U, depth >> mip_level);
-    }
-
-    // Auto block resizing algorithm from:
-    // https://cgit.freedesktop.org/mesa/mesa/tree/src/gallium/drivers/nouveau/nv50/nv50_miptree.c
-    u32 MipBlockHeight(u32 mip_level) const {
-        if (mip_level == 0)
-            return block_height;
-        u32 alt_height = MipHeight(mip_level);
-        u32 h = GetDefaultBlockHeight(pixel_format);
-        u32 blocks_in_y = (alt_height + h - 1) / h;
-        u32 bh = 16;
-        while (bh > 1 && blocks_in_y <= bh * 4) {
-            bh >>= 1;
-        }
-        return bh;
-    }
-
-    u32 MipBlockDepth(u32 mip_level) const {
-        if (mip_level == 0) {
-            return block_depth;
-        }
-
-        if (is_layered) {
-            return 1;
-        }
-
-        const u32 mip_depth = MipDepth(mip_level);
-        u32 bd = 32;
-        while (bd > 1 && mip_depth * 2 <= bd) {
-            bd >>= 1;
-        }
-
-        if (bd == 32) {
-            const u32 bh = MipBlockHeight(mip_level);
-            if (bh >= 4) {
-                return 16;
-            }
-        }
-
-        return bd;
-    }
-
-    u32 RowAlign(u32 mip_level) const {
-        const u32 m_width = MipWidth(mip_level);
-        const u32 bytes_per_pixel = GetBytesPerPixel(pixel_format);
-        const u32 l2 = Common::CountTrailingZeroes32(m_width * bytes_per_pixel);
-        return (1U << l2);
-    }
-
-    /// Creates SurfaceParams from a texture configuration
-    static SurfaceParams CreateForTexture(const Tegra::Texture::FullTextureInfo& config,
-                                          const GLShader::SamplerEntry& entry);
-
-    /// Creates SurfaceParams from a framebuffer configuration
-    static SurfaceParams CreateForFramebuffer(std::size_t index);
-
-    /// Creates SurfaceParams for a depth buffer configuration
-    static SurfaceParams CreateForDepthBuffer(
-        u32 zeta_width, u32 zeta_height, GPUVAddr zeta_address, Tegra::DepthFormat format,
-        u32 block_width, u32 block_height, u32 block_depth,
-        Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::InvMemoryLayout type);
-
-    /// Creates SurfaceParams for a Fermi2D surface copy
-    static SurfaceParams CreateForFermiCopySurface(
-        const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Regs::Surface& config);
-
-    /// Checks if surfaces are compatible for caching
-    bool IsCompatibleSurface(const SurfaceParams& other) const {
-        if (std::tie(pixel_format, type, width, height, target, depth, is_tiled) ==
-            std::tie(other.pixel_format, other.type, other.width, other.height, other.target,
-                     other.depth, other.is_tiled)) {
-            if (!is_tiled)
-                return true;
-            return std::tie(block_height, block_depth, tile_width_spacing) ==
-                   std::tie(other.block_height, other.block_depth, other.tile_width_spacing);
-        }
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    /// Initializes parameters for caching, should be called after everything has been initialized
-    void InitCacheParameters(GPUVAddr gpu_addr);
-
-    std::string TargetName() const {
-        switch (target) {
-        case SurfaceTarget::Texture1D:
-            return "1D";
-        case SurfaceTarget::Texture2D:
-            return "2D";
-        case SurfaceTarget::Texture3D:
-            return "3D";
-        case SurfaceTarget::Texture1DArray:
-            return "1DArray";
-        case SurfaceTarget::Texture2DArray:
-            return "2DArray";
-        case SurfaceTarget::TextureCubemap:
-            return "Cube";
-        default:
-            LOG_CRITICAL(HW_GPU, "Unimplemented surface_target={}", static_cast<u32>(target));
-            UNREACHABLE();
-            return fmt::format("TUK({})", static_cast<u32>(target));
-        }
-    }
-
-    std::string ClassName() const {
-        switch (identity) {
-        case SurfaceClass::Uploaded:
-            return "UP";
-        case SurfaceClass::RenderTarget:
-            return "RT";
-        case SurfaceClass::DepthBuffer:
-            return "DB";
-        case SurfaceClass::Copy:
-            return "CP";
-        default:
-            LOG_CRITICAL(HW_GPU, "Unimplemented surface_class={}", static_cast<u32>(identity));
-            UNREACHABLE();
-            return fmt::format("CUK({})", static_cast<u32>(identity));
-        }
-    }
-
-    std::string IdentityString() const {
-        return ClassName() + '_' + TargetName() + '_' + (is_tiled ? 'T' : 'L');
-    }
-
-    bool is_tiled;
-    u32 block_width;
-    u32 block_height;
-    u32 block_depth;
-    u32 tile_width_spacing;
-    PixelFormat pixel_format;
-    ComponentType component_type;
-    SurfaceType type;
-    u32 width;
-    u32 height;
-    u32 depth;
-    u32 unaligned_height;
-    u32 pitch;
-    SurfaceTarget target;
-    SurfaceClass identity;
-    u32 max_mip_level;
-    bool is_layered;
-    bool is_array;
-    bool srgb_conversion;
-    // Parameters used for caching
-    u8* host_ptr;
-    GPUVAddr gpu_addr;
-    std::size_t size_in_bytes;
-    std::size_t size_in_bytes_gl;
-
-    // Render target specific parameters, not used in caching
-    struct {
-        u32 index;
-        u32 array_mode;
-        u32 volume;
-        u32 layer_stride;
-        u32 base_layer;
-    } rt;
-
-private:
-    std::size_t InnerMipmapMemorySize(u32 mip_level, bool force_gl = false, bool layer_only = false,
-                                      bool uncompressed = false) const;
-    std::size_t InnerMemorySize(bool force_gl = false, bool layer_only = false,
-                                bool uncompressed = false) const;
-};
-
-}; // namespace OpenGL
-
-/// Hashable variation of SurfaceParams, used for a key in the surface cache
-struct SurfaceReserveKey : Common::HashableStruct<OpenGL::SurfaceParams> {
-    static SurfaceReserveKey Create(const OpenGL::SurfaceParams& params) {
-        SurfaceReserveKey res;
-        res.state = params;
-        res.state.identity = {}; // Ignore the origin of the texture
-        res.state.gpu_addr = {}; // Ignore GPU vaddr in caching
-        res.state.rt = {};       // Ignore rt config in caching
-        return res;
-    }
-};
-namespace std {
-template <>
-struct hash<SurfaceReserveKey> {
-    std::size_t operator()(const SurfaceReserveKey& k) const {
-        return k.Hash();
-    }
-};
-} // namespace std
-
-namespace OpenGL {
-
-class RasterizerOpenGL;
-
-// This is used to store temporary big buffers,
-// instead of creating/destroying all the time
-struct RasterizerTemporaryMemory {
-    std::vector<std::vector<u8>> gl_buffer;
-};
-
-class CachedSurface final : public RasterizerCacheObject {
-public:
-    explicit CachedSurface(const SurfaceParams& params);
-
-    VAddr GetCpuAddr() const override {
-        return cpu_addr;
-    }
-
-    std::size_t GetSizeInBytes() const override {
-        return cached_size_in_bytes;
-    }
-
-    std::size_t GetMemorySize() const {
-        return memory_size;
-    }
-
-    const OGLTexture& Texture() const {
-        return texture;
-    }
-
-    const OGLTexture& Texture(bool as_array) {
-        if (params.is_array == as_array) {
-            return texture;
-        } else {
-            EnsureTextureDiscrepantView();
-            return discrepant_view;
-        }
-    }
-
-    GLenum Target() const {
-        return gl_target;
-    }
-
-    const SurfaceParams& GetSurfaceParams() const {
-        return params;
-    }
-
-    // Read/Write data in Switch memory to/from gl_buffer
-    void LoadGLBuffer(RasterizerTemporaryMemory& res_cache_tmp_mem);
-    void FlushGLBuffer(RasterizerTemporaryMemory& res_cache_tmp_mem);
-
-    // Upload data in gl_buffer to this surface's texture
-    void UploadGLTexture(RasterizerTemporaryMemory& res_cache_tmp_mem, GLuint read_fb_handle,
-                         GLuint draw_fb_handle);
-
-    void UpdateSwizzle(Tegra::Texture::SwizzleSource swizzle_x,
-                       Tegra::Texture::SwizzleSource swizzle_y,
-                       Tegra::Texture::SwizzleSource swizzle_z,
-                       Tegra::Texture::SwizzleSource swizzle_w);
-
-    void MarkReinterpreted() {
-        reinterpreted = true;
-    }
-
-    bool IsReinterpreted() const {
-        return reinterpreted;
-    }
-
-    void MarkForReload(bool reload) {
-        must_reload = reload;
-    }
-
-    bool MustReload() const {
-        return must_reload;
-    }
-
-    bool IsUploaded() const {
-        return params.identity == SurfaceParams::SurfaceClass::Uploaded;
-    }
-
-private:
-    void UploadGLMipmapTexture(RasterizerTemporaryMemory& res_cache_tmp_mem, u32 mip_map,
-                               GLuint read_fb_handle, GLuint draw_fb_handle);
-
-    void EnsureTextureDiscrepantView();
-
-    OGLTexture texture;
-    OGLTexture discrepant_view;
-    SurfaceParams params{};
-    GLenum gl_target{};
-    GLenum gl_internal_format{};
-    std::size_t cached_size_in_bytes{};
-    std::array<GLenum, 4> swizzle{GL_RED, GL_GREEN, GL_BLUE, GL_ALPHA};
-    std::size_t memory_size;
-    bool reinterpreted = false;
-    bool must_reload = false;
-    VAddr cpu_addr{};
-};
-
-class RasterizerCacheOpenGL final : public RasterizerCache<Surface> {
-public:
-    explicit RasterizerCacheOpenGL(RasterizerOpenGL& rasterizer);
-
-    /// Get a surface based on the texture configuration
-    Surface GetTextureSurface(const Tegra::Texture::FullTextureInfo& config,
-                              const GLShader::SamplerEntry& entry);
-
-    /// Get the depth surface based on the framebuffer configuration
-    Surface GetDepthBufferSurface(bool preserve_contents);
-
-    /// Get the color surface based on the framebuffer configuration and the specified render target
-    Surface GetColorBufferSurface(std::size_t index, bool preserve_contents);
-
-    /// Tries to find a framebuffer using on the provided CPU address
-    Surface TryFindFramebufferSurface(const u8* host_ptr) const;
-
-    /// Copies the contents of one surface to another
-    void FermiCopySurface(const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Regs::Surface& src_config,
-                          const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Regs::Surface& dst_config,
-                          const Common::Rectangle<u32>& src_rect,
-                          const Common::Rectangle<u32>& dst_rect);
-
-    void SignalPreDrawCall();
-    void SignalPostDrawCall();
-
-protected:
-    void FlushObjectInner(const Surface& object) override {
-        object->FlushGLBuffer(temporal_memory);
-    }
-
-private:
-    void LoadSurface(const Surface& surface);
-    Surface GetSurface(const SurfaceParams& params, bool preserve_contents = true);
-
-    /// Gets an uncached surface, creating it if need be
-    Surface GetUncachedSurface(const SurfaceParams& params);
-
-    /// Recreates a surface with new parameters
-    Surface RecreateSurface(const Surface& old_surface, const SurfaceParams& new_params);
-
-    /// Reserves a unique surface that can be reused later
-    void ReserveSurface(const Surface& surface);
-
-    /// Tries to get a reserved surface for the specified parameters
-    Surface TryGetReservedSurface(const SurfaceParams& params);
-
-    // Partialy reinterpret a surface based on a triggering_surface that collides with it.
-    // returns true if the reinterpret was successful, false in case it was not.
-    bool PartialReinterpretSurface(Surface triggering_surface, Surface intersect);
-
-    /// Performs a slow but accurate surface copy, flushing to RAM and reinterpreting the data
-    void AccurateCopySurface(const Surface& src_surface, const Surface& dst_surface);
-    void FastLayeredCopySurface(const Surface& src_surface, const Surface& dst_surface);
-    void FastCopySurface(const Surface& src_surface, const Surface& dst_surface);
-    void CopySurface(const Surface& src_surface, const Surface& dst_surface,
-                     const GLuint copy_pbo_handle, const GLenum src_attachment = 0,
-                     const GLenum dst_attachment = 0, const std::size_t cubemap_face = 0);
-
-    /// The surface reserve is a "backup" cache, this is where we put unique surfaces that have
-    /// previously been used. This is to prevent surfaces from being constantly created and
-    /// destroyed when used with different surface parameters.
-    std::unordered_map<SurfaceReserveKey, Surface> surface_reserve;
-
-    OGLFramebuffer read_framebuffer;
-    OGLFramebuffer draw_framebuffer;
-
-    bool texception = false;
-
-    /// Use a Pixel Buffer Object to download the previous texture and then upload it to the new one
-    /// using the new format.
-    OGLBuffer copy_pbo;
-
-    std::array<Surface, Maxwell::NumRenderTargets> last_color_buffers;
-    std::array<Surface, Maxwell::NumRenderTargets> current_color_buffers;
-    Surface last_depth_buffer;
-
-    RasterizerTemporaryMemory temporal_memory;
-
-    using SurfaceIntervalCache = boost::icl::interval_map<CacheAddr, Surface>;
-    using SurfaceInterval = typename SurfaceIntervalCache::interval_type;
-
-    static auto GetReinterpretInterval(const Surface& object) {
-        return SurfaceInterval::right_open(object->GetCacheAddr() + 1,
-                                           object->GetCacheAddr() + object->GetMemorySize() - 1);
-    }
-
-    // Reinterpreted surfaces are very fragil as the game may keep rendering into them.
-    SurfaceIntervalCache reinterpreted_surfaces;
-
-    void RegisterReinterpretSurface(Surface reinterpret_surface) {
-        auto interval = GetReinterpretInterval(reinterpret_surface);
-        reinterpreted_surfaces.insert({interval, reinterpret_surface});
-        reinterpret_surface->MarkReinterpreted();
-    }
-
-    Surface CollideOnReinterpretedSurface(CacheAddr addr) const {
-        const SurfaceInterval interval{addr};
-        for (auto& pair :
-             boost::make_iterator_range(reinterpreted_surfaces.equal_range(interval))) {
-            return pair.second;
-        }
-        return nullptr;
-    }
-
-    void Register(const Surface& object) override {
-        RasterizerCache<Surface>::Register(object);
-    }
-
-    /// Unregisters an object from the cache
-    void Unregister(const Surface& object) override {
-        if (object->IsReinterpreted()) {
-            auto interval = GetReinterpretInterval(object);
-            reinterpreted_surfaces.erase(interval);
-        }
-        RasterizerCache<Surface>::Unregister(object);
-    }
-};
-
-} // namespace OpenGL

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_resource_manager.cpp

@@ -33,6 +33,24 @@ void OGLTexture::Release() {
     handle = 0;
 }
 
+void OGLTextureView::Create() {
+    if (handle != 0)
+        return;
+
+    MICROPROFILE_SCOPE(OpenGL_ResourceCreation);
+    glGenTextures(1, &handle);
+}
+
+void OGLTextureView::Release() {
+    if (handle == 0)
+        return;
+
+    MICROPROFILE_SCOPE(OpenGL_ResourceDeletion);
+    glDeleteTextures(1, &handle);
+    OpenGLState::GetCurState().UnbindTexture(handle).Apply();
+    handle = 0;
+}
+
 void OGLSampler::Create() {
     if (handle != 0)
         return;
@@ -130,6 +148,12 @@ void OGLBuffer::Release() {
     handle = 0;
 }
 
+void OGLBuffer::MakeStreamCopy(std::size_t buffer_size) {
+    ASSERT_OR_EXECUTE((handle != 0 && buffer_size != 0), { return; });
+
+    glNamedBufferData(handle, buffer_size, nullptr, GL_STREAM_COPY);
+}
+
 void OGLSync::Create() {
     if (handle != 0)
         return;

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_resource_manager.h

@@ -36,6 +36,31 @@ public:
     GLuint handle = 0;
 };
 
+class OGLTextureView : private NonCopyable {
+public:
+    OGLTextureView() = default;
+
+    OGLTextureView(OGLTextureView&& o) noexcept : handle(std::exchange(o.handle, 0)) {}
+
+    ~OGLTextureView() {
+        Release();
+    }
+
+    OGLTextureView& operator=(OGLTextureView&& o) noexcept {
+        Release();
+        handle = std::exchange(o.handle, 0);
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    /// Creates a new internal OpenGL resource and stores the handle
+    void Create();
+
+    /// Deletes the internal OpenGL resource
+    void Release();
+
+    GLuint handle = 0;
+};
+
 class OGLSampler : private NonCopyable {
 public:
     OGLSampler() = default;
@@ -161,6 +186,9 @@ public:
     /// Deletes the internal OpenGL resource
     void Release();
 
+    // Converts the buffer into a stream copy buffer with a fixed size
+    void MakeStreamCopy(std::size_t buffer_size);
+
     GLuint handle = 0;
 };
 

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_shader_cache.cpp

@@ -103,15 +103,22 @@ constexpr std::tuple<const char*, const char*, u32> GetPrimitiveDescription(GLen
 /// Calculates the size of a program stream
 std::size_t CalculateProgramSize(const GLShader::ProgramCode& program) {
     constexpr std::size_t start_offset = 10;
+    // This is the encoded version of BRA that jumps to itself. All Nvidia
+    // shaders end with one.
+    constexpr u64 self_jumping_branch = 0xE2400FFFFF07000FULL;
+    constexpr u64 mask = 0xFFFFFFFFFF7FFFFFULL;
     std::size_t offset = start_offset;
     std::size_t size = start_offset * sizeof(u64);
     while (offset < program.size()) {
         const u64 instruction = program[offset];
         if (!IsSchedInstruction(offset, start_offset)) {
-            if (instruction == 0 || (instruction >> 52) == 0x50b) {
+            if ((instruction & mask) == self_jumping_branch) {
                 // End on Maxwell's "nop" instruction
                 break;
             }
+            if (instruction == 0) {
+                break;
+            }
         }
         size += sizeof(u64);
         offset++;
@@ -168,8 +175,12 @@ GLShader::ProgramResult CreateProgram(const Device& device, Maxwell::ShaderProgr
 }
 
 CachedProgram SpecializeShader(const std::string& code, const GLShader::ShaderEntries& entries,
-                               Maxwell::ShaderProgram program_type, BaseBindings base_bindings,
-                               GLenum primitive_mode, bool hint_retrievable = false) {
+                               Maxwell::ShaderProgram program_type, const ProgramVariant& variant,
+                               bool hint_retrievable = false) {
+    auto base_bindings{variant.base_bindings};
+    const auto primitive_mode{variant.primitive_mode};
+    const auto texture_buffer_usage{variant.texture_buffer_usage};
+
     std::string source = "#version 430 core\n"
                          "#extension GL_ARB_separate_shader_objects : enable\n\n";
     source += fmt::format("#define EMULATION_UBO_BINDING {}\n", base_bindings.cbuf++);
@@ -186,6 +197,18 @@ CachedProgram SpecializeShader(const std::string& code, const GLShader::ShaderEn
         source += fmt::format("#define SAMPLER_BINDING_{} {}\n", sampler.GetIndex(),
                               base_bindings.sampler++);
     }
+    for (const auto& image : entries.images) {
+        source +=
+            fmt::format("#define IMAGE_BINDING_{} {}\n", image.GetIndex(), base_bindings.image++);
+    }
+
+    // Transform 1D textures to texture samplers by declaring its preprocessor macros.
+    for (std::size_t i = 0; i < texture_buffer_usage.size(); ++i) {
+        if (!texture_buffer_usage.test(i)) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        source += fmt::format("#define SAMPLER_{}_IS_BUFFER", i);
+    }
 
     if (program_type == Maxwell::ShaderProgram::Geometry) {
         const auto [glsl_topology, debug_name, max_vertices] =
@@ -261,20 +284,18 @@ CachedShader::CachedShader(VAddr cpu_addr, u64 unique_identifier,
     shader_length = entries.shader_length;
 }
 
-std::tuple<GLuint, BaseBindings> CachedShader::GetProgramHandle(GLenum primitive_mode,
-                                                                BaseBindings base_bindings) {
+std::tuple<GLuint, BaseBindings> CachedShader::GetProgramHandle(const ProgramVariant& variant) {
     GLuint handle{};
     if (program_type == Maxwell::ShaderProgram::Geometry) {
-        handle = GetGeometryShader(primitive_mode, base_bindings);
+        handle = GetGeometryShader(variant);
     } else {
-        const auto [entry, is_cache_miss] = programs.try_emplace(base_bindings);
+        const auto [entry, is_cache_miss] = programs.try_emplace(variant);
         auto& program = entry->second;
         if (is_cache_miss) {
-            program = TryLoadProgram(primitive_mode, base_bindings);
+            program = TryLoadProgram(variant);
             if (!program) {
-                program =
-                    SpecializeShader(code, entries, program_type, base_bindings, primitive_mode);
-                disk_cache.SaveUsage(GetUsage(primitive_mode, base_bindings));
+                program = SpecializeShader(code, entries, program_type, variant);
+                disk_cache.SaveUsage(GetUsage(variant));
             }
 
             LabelGLObject(GL_PROGRAM, program->handle, cpu_addr);
@@ -283,6 +304,7 @@ std::tuple<GLuint, BaseBindings> CachedShader::GetProgramHandle(GLenum primitive
         handle = program->handle;
     }
 
+    auto base_bindings{variant.base_bindings};
     base_bindings.cbuf += static_cast<u32>(entries.const_buffers.size()) + RESERVED_UBOS;
     base_bindings.gmem += static_cast<u32>(entries.global_memory_entries.size());
     base_bindings.sampler += static_cast<u32>(entries.samplers.size());
@@ -290,43 +312,42 @@ std::tuple<GLuint, BaseBindings> CachedShader::GetProgramHandle(GLenum primitive
     return {handle, base_bindings};
 }
 
-GLuint CachedShader::GetGeometryShader(GLenum primitive_mode, BaseBindings base_bindings) {
-    const auto [entry, is_cache_miss] = geometry_programs.try_emplace(base_bindings);
+GLuint CachedShader::GetGeometryShader(const ProgramVariant& variant) {
+    const auto [entry, is_cache_miss] = geometry_programs.try_emplace(variant);
     auto& programs = entry->second;
 
-    switch (primitive_mode) {
+    switch (variant.primitive_mode) {
     case GL_POINTS:
-        return LazyGeometryProgram(programs.points, base_bindings, primitive_mode);
+        return LazyGeometryProgram(programs.points, variant);
     case GL_LINES:
     case GL_LINE_STRIP:
-        return LazyGeometryProgram(programs.lines, base_bindings, primitive_mode);
+        return LazyGeometryProgram(programs.lines, variant);
     case GL_LINES_ADJACENCY:
     case GL_LINE_STRIP_ADJACENCY:
-        return LazyGeometryProgram(programs.lines_adjacency, base_bindings, primitive_mode);
+        return LazyGeometryProgram(programs.lines_adjacency, variant);
     case GL_TRIANGLES:
     case GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP:
     case GL_TRIANGLE_FAN:
-        return LazyGeometryProgram(programs.triangles, base_bindings, primitive_mode);
+        return LazyGeometryProgram(programs.triangles, variant);
     case GL_TRIANGLES_ADJACENCY:
     case GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP_ADJACENCY:
-        return LazyGeometryProgram(programs.triangles_adjacency, base_bindings, primitive_mode);
+        return LazyGeometryProgram(programs.triangles_adjacency, variant);
     default:
         UNREACHABLE_MSG("Unknown primitive mode.");
-        return LazyGeometryProgram(programs.points, base_bindings, primitive_mode);
+        return LazyGeometryProgram(programs.points, variant);
     }
 }
 
-GLuint CachedShader::LazyGeometryProgram(CachedProgram& target_program, BaseBindings base_bindings,
-                                         GLenum primitive_mode) {
+GLuint CachedShader::LazyGeometryProgram(CachedProgram& target_program,
+                                         const ProgramVariant& variant) {
     if (target_program) {
         return target_program->handle;
     }
-    const auto [glsl_name, debug_name, vertices] = GetPrimitiveDescription(primitive_mode);
-    target_program = TryLoadProgram(primitive_mode, base_bindings);
+    const auto [glsl_name, debug_name, vertices] = GetPrimitiveDescription(variant.primitive_mode);
+    target_program = TryLoadProgram(variant);
     if (!target_program) {
-        target_program =
-            SpecializeShader(code, entries, program_type, base_bindings, primitive_mode);
-        disk_cache.SaveUsage(GetUsage(primitive_mode, base_bindings));
+        target_program = SpecializeShader(code, entries, program_type, variant);
+        disk_cache.SaveUsage(GetUsage(variant));
     }
 
     LabelGLObject(GL_PROGRAM, target_program->handle, cpu_addr, debug_name);
@@ -334,18 +355,19 @@ GLuint CachedShader::LazyGeometryProgram(CachedProgram& target_program, BaseBind
     return target_program->handle;
 };
 
-CachedProgram CachedShader::TryLoadProgram(GLenum primitive_mode,
-                                           BaseBindings base_bindings) const {
-    const auto found = precompiled_programs.find(GetUsage(primitive_mode, base_bindings));
+CachedProgram CachedShader::TryLoadProgram(const ProgramVariant& variant) const {
+    const auto found = precompiled_programs.find(GetUsage(variant));
     if (found == precompiled_programs.end()) {
         return {};
     }
     return found->second;
 }
 
-ShaderDiskCacheUsage CachedShader::GetUsage(GLenum primitive_mode,
-                                            BaseBindings base_bindings) const {
-    return {unique_identifier, base_bindings, primitive_mode};
+ShaderDiskCacheUsage CachedShader::GetUsage(const ProgramVariant& variant) const {
+    ShaderDiskCacheUsage usage;
+    usage.unique_identifier = unique_identifier;
+    usage.variant = variant;
+    return usage;
 }
 
 ShaderCacheOpenGL::ShaderCacheOpenGL(RasterizerOpenGL& rasterizer, Core::System& system,
@@ -411,8 +433,7 @@ void ShaderCacheOpenGL::LoadDiskCache(const std::atomic_bool& stop_loading,
             }
             if (!shader) {
                 shader = SpecializeShader(unspecialized.code, unspecialized.entries,
-                                          unspecialized.program_type, usage.bindings,
-                                          usage.primitive, true);
+                                          unspecialized.program_type, usage.variant, true);
             }
 
             std::scoped_lock lock(mutex);

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_shader_cache.h

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 
 #include <array>
 #include <atomic>
+#include <bitset>
 #include <memory>
 #include <set>
 #include <tuple>
@@ -67,8 +68,7 @@ public:
     }
 
     /// Gets the GL program handle for the shader
-    std::tuple<GLuint, BaseBindings> GetProgramHandle(GLenum primitive_mode,
-                                                      BaseBindings base_bindings);
+    std::tuple<GLuint, BaseBindings> GetProgramHandle(const ProgramVariant& variant);
 
 private:
     // Geometry programs. These are needed because GLSL needs an input topology but it's not
@@ -82,15 +82,14 @@ private:
         CachedProgram triangles_adjacency;
     };
 
-    GLuint GetGeometryShader(GLenum primitive_mode, BaseBindings base_bindings);
+    GLuint GetGeometryShader(const ProgramVariant& variant);
 
     /// Generates a geometry shader or returns one that already exists.
-    GLuint LazyGeometryProgram(CachedProgram& target_program, BaseBindings base_bindings,
-                               GLenum primitive_mode);
+    GLuint LazyGeometryProgram(CachedProgram& target_program, const ProgramVariant& variant);
 
-    CachedProgram TryLoadProgram(GLenum primitive_mode, BaseBindings base_bindings) const;
+    CachedProgram TryLoadProgram(const ProgramVariant& variant) const;
 
-    ShaderDiskCacheUsage GetUsage(GLenum primitive_mode, BaseBindings base_bindings) const;
+    ShaderDiskCacheUsage GetUsage(const ProgramVariant& variant) const;
 
     u8* host_ptr{};
     VAddr cpu_addr{};
@@ -104,8 +103,8 @@ private:
 
     std::string code;
 
-    std::unordered_map<BaseBindings, CachedProgram> programs;
-    std::unordered_map<BaseBindings, GeometryPrograms> geometry_programs;
+    std::unordered_map<ProgramVariant, CachedProgram> programs;
+    std::unordered_map<ProgramVariant, GeometryPrograms> geometry_programs;
 
     std::unordered_map<u32, GLuint> cbuf_resource_cache;
     std::unordered_map<u32, GLuint> gmem_resource_cache;

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_shader_decompiler.cpp

@@ -180,6 +180,7 @@ public:
         DeclareGlobalMemory();
         DeclareSamplers();
         DeclarePhysicalAttributeReader();
+        DeclareImages();
 
         code.AddLine("void execute_{}() {{", suffix);
         ++code.scope;
@@ -234,6 +235,9 @@ public:
         for (const auto& sampler : ir.GetSamplers()) {
             entries.samplers.emplace_back(sampler);
         }
+        for (const auto& image : ir.GetImages()) {
+            entries.images.emplace_back(image);
+        }
         for (const auto& gmem_pair : ir.GetGlobalMemory()) {
             const auto& [base, usage] = gmem_pair;
             entries.global_memory_entries.emplace_back(base.cbuf_index, base.cbuf_offset,
@@ -453,9 +457,13 @@ private:
     void DeclareSamplers() {
         const auto& samplers = ir.GetSamplers();
         for (const auto& sampler : samplers) {
-            std::string sampler_type = [&sampler] {
+            const std::string name{GetSampler(sampler)};
+            const std::string description{"layout (binding = SAMPLER_BINDING_" +
+                                          std::to_string(sampler.GetIndex()) + ") uniform"};
+            std::string sampler_type = [&]() {
                 switch (sampler.GetType()) {
                 case Tegra::Shader::TextureType::Texture1D:
+                    // Special cased, read below.
                     return "sampler1D";
                 case Tegra::Shader::TextureType::Texture2D:
                     return "sampler2D";
@@ -475,8 +483,19 @@ private:
                 sampler_type += "Shadow";
             }
 
-            code.AddLine("layout (binding = SAMPLER_BINDING_{}) uniform {} {};", sampler.GetIndex(),
-                         sampler_type, GetSampler(sampler));
+            if (sampler.GetType() == Tegra::Shader::TextureType::Texture1D) {
+                // 1D textures can be aliased to texture buffers, hide the declarations behind a
+                // preprocessor flag and use one or the other from the GPU state. This has to be
+                // done because shaders don't have enough information to determine the texture type.
+                EmitIfdefIsBuffer(sampler);
+                code.AddLine("{} samplerBuffer {};", description, name);
+                code.AddLine("#else");
+                code.AddLine("{} {} {};", description, sampler_type, name);
+                code.AddLine("#endif");
+            } else {
+                // The other texture types (2D, 3D and cubes) don't have this issue.
+                code.AddLine("{} {} {};", description, sampler_type, name);
+            }
         }
         if (!samplers.empty()) {
             code.AddNewLine();
@@ -516,6 +535,37 @@ private:
         code.AddNewLine();
     }
 
+    void DeclareImages() {
+        const auto& images{ir.GetImages()};
+        for (const auto& image : images) {
+            const std::string image_type = [&]() {
+                switch (image.GetType()) {
+                case Tegra::Shader::ImageType::Texture1D:
+                    return "image1D";
+                case Tegra::Shader::ImageType::TextureBuffer:
+                    return "bufferImage";
+                case Tegra::Shader::ImageType::Texture1DArray:
+                    return "image1DArray";
+                case Tegra::Shader::ImageType::Texture2D:
+                    return "image2D";
+                case Tegra::Shader::ImageType::Texture2DArray:
+                    return "image2DArray";
+                case Tegra::Shader::ImageType::Texture3D:
+                    return "image3D";
+                default:
+                    UNREACHABLE();
+                    return "image1D";
+                }
+            }();
+            code.AddLine("layout (binding = IMAGE_BINDING_{}) coherent volatile writeonly uniform "
+                         "{} {};",
+                         image.GetIndex(), image_type, GetImage(image));
+        }
+        if (!images.empty()) {
+            code.AddNewLine();
+        }
+    }
+
     void VisitBlock(const NodeBlock& bb) {
         for (const auto& node : bb) {
             if (const std::string expr = Visit(node); !expr.empty()) {
@@ -1439,13 +1489,61 @@ private:
             else if (next < count)
                 expr += ", ";
         }
+
+        // Store a copy of the expression without the lod to be used with texture buffers
+        std::string expr_buffer = expr;
+
         if (meta->lod) {
             expr += ", ";
             expr += CastOperand(Visit(meta->lod), Type::Int);
         }
         expr += ')';
+        expr += GetSwizzle(meta->element);
 
-        return expr + GetSwizzle(meta->element);
+        expr_buffer += ')';
+        expr_buffer += GetSwizzle(meta->element);
+
+        const std::string tmp{code.GenerateTemporary()};
+        EmitIfdefIsBuffer(meta->sampler);
+        code.AddLine("float {} = {};", tmp, expr_buffer);
+        code.AddLine("#else");
+        code.AddLine("float {} = {};", tmp, expr);
+        code.AddLine("#endif");
+
+        return tmp;
+    }
+
+    std::string ImageStore(Operation operation) {
+        constexpr std::array<const char*, 4> constructors{"int(", "ivec2(", "ivec3(", "ivec4("};
+        const auto meta{std::get<MetaImage>(operation.GetMeta())};
+
+        std::string expr = "imageStore(";
+        expr += GetImage(meta.image);
+        expr += ", ";
+
+        const std::size_t coords_count{operation.GetOperandsCount()};
+        expr += constructors.at(coords_count - 1);
+        for (std::size_t i = 0; i < coords_count; ++i) {
+            expr += VisitOperand(operation, i, Type::Int);
+            if (i + 1 < coords_count) {
+                expr += ", ";
+            }
+        }
+        expr += "), ";
+
+        const std::size_t values_count{meta.values.size()};
+        UNIMPLEMENTED_IF(values_count != 4);
+        expr += "vec4(";
+        for (std::size_t i = 0; i < values_count; ++i) {
+            expr += Visit(meta.values.at(i));
+            if (i + 1 < values_count) {
+                expr += ", ";
+            }
+        }
+        expr += "));";
+
+        code.AddLine(expr);
+        return {};
     }
 
     std::string Branch(Operation operation) {
@@ -1688,6 +1786,8 @@ private:
         &GLSLDecompiler::TextureQueryLod,
         &GLSLDecompiler::TexelFetch,
 
+        &GLSLDecompiler::ImageStore,
+
         &GLSLDecompiler::Branch,
         &GLSLDecompiler::PushFlowStack,
         &GLSLDecompiler::PopFlowStack,
@@ -1756,6 +1856,14 @@ private:
         return GetDeclarationWithSuffix(static_cast<u32>(sampler.GetIndex()), "sampler");
     }
 
+    std::string GetImage(const Image& image) const {
+        return GetDeclarationWithSuffix(static_cast<u32>(image.GetIndex()), "image");
+    }
+
+    void EmitIfdefIsBuffer(const Sampler& sampler) {
+        code.AddLine("#ifdef SAMPLER_{}_IS_BUFFER", sampler.GetIndex());
+    }
+
     std::string GetDeclarationWithSuffix(u32 index, const std::string& name) const {
         return fmt::format("{}_{}_{}", name, index, suffix);
     }

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_shader_decompiler.h

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ struct ShaderEntries;
 using Maxwell = Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs;
 using ProgramResult = std::pair<std::string, ShaderEntries>;
 using SamplerEntry = VideoCommon::Shader::Sampler;
+using ImageEntry = VideoCommon::Shader::Image;
 
 class ConstBufferEntry : public VideoCommon::Shader::ConstBuffer {
 public:
@@ -74,6 +75,7 @@ struct ShaderEntries {
     std::vector<ConstBufferEntry> const_buffers;
     std::vector<SamplerEntry> samplers;
     std::vector<SamplerEntry> bindless_samplers;
+    std::vector<ImageEntry> images;
     std::vector<GlobalMemoryEntry> global_memory_entries;
     std::array<bool, Maxwell::NumClipDistances> clip_distances{};
     std::size_t shader_length{};

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_shader_disk_cache.cpp

@@ -34,11 +34,11 @@ enum class PrecompiledEntryKind : u32 {
     Dump,
 };
 
-constexpr u32 NativeVersion = 1;
+constexpr u32 NativeVersion = 4;
 
 // Making sure sizes doesn't change by accident
-static_assert(sizeof(BaseBindings) == 12);
-static_assert(sizeof(ShaderDiskCacheUsage) == 24);
+static_assert(sizeof(BaseBindings) == 16);
+static_assert(sizeof(ShaderDiskCacheUsage) == 40);
 
 namespace {
 
@@ -332,11 +332,28 @@ std::optional<ShaderDiskCacheDecompiled> ShaderDiskCacheOpenGL::LoadDecompiledEn
             static_cast<Tegra::Shader::TextureType>(type), is_array, is_shadow, is_bindless);
     }
 
+    u32 images_count{};
+    if (!LoadObjectFromPrecompiled(images_count)) {
+        return {};
+    }
+    for (u32 i = 0; i < images_count; ++i) {
+        u64 offset{};
+        u64 index{};
+        u32 type{};
+        u8 is_bindless{};
+        if (!LoadObjectFromPrecompiled(offset) || !LoadObjectFromPrecompiled(index) ||
+            !LoadObjectFromPrecompiled(type) || !LoadObjectFromPrecompiled(is_bindless)) {
+            return {};
+        }
+        entry.entries.images.emplace_back(
+            static_cast<std::size_t>(offset), static_cast<std::size_t>(index),
+            static_cast<Tegra::Shader::ImageType>(type), is_bindless != 0);
+    }
+
     u32 global_memory_count{};
     if (!LoadObjectFromPrecompiled(global_memory_count)) {
         return {};
     }
-
     for (u32 i = 0; i < global_memory_count; ++i) {
         u32 cbuf_index{};
         u32 cbuf_offset{};
@@ -360,7 +377,6 @@ std::optional<ShaderDiskCacheDecompiled> ShaderDiskCacheOpenGL::LoadDecompiledEn
     if (!LoadObjectFromPrecompiled(shader_length)) {
         return {};
     }
-
     entry.entries.shader_length = static_cast<std::size_t>(shader_length);
 
     return entry;
@@ -400,6 +416,18 @@ bool ShaderDiskCacheOpenGL::SaveDecompiledFile(u64 unique_identifier, const std:
         }
     }
 
+    if (!SaveObjectToPrecompiled(static_cast<u32>(entries.images.size()))) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    for (const auto& image : entries.images) {
+        if (!SaveObjectToPrecompiled(static_cast<u64>(image.GetOffset())) ||
+            !SaveObjectToPrecompiled(static_cast<u64>(image.GetIndex())) ||
+            !SaveObjectToPrecompiled(static_cast<u32>(image.GetType())) ||
+            !SaveObjectToPrecompiled(static_cast<u8>(image.IsBindless() ? 1 : 0))) {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
     if (!SaveObjectToPrecompiled(static_cast<u32>(entries.global_memory_entries.size()))) {
         return false;
     }

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_shader_disk_cache.h

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <bitset>
 #include <optional>
 #include <string>
 #include <tuple>
@@ -30,22 +31,26 @@ class IOFile;
 
 namespace OpenGL {
 
-using ProgramCode = std::vector<u64>;
-using Maxwell = Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs;
-
 struct ShaderDiskCacheUsage;
 struct ShaderDiskCacheDump;
 
 using ShaderDumpsMap = std::unordered_map<ShaderDiskCacheUsage, ShaderDiskCacheDump>;
 
-/// Allocated bindings used by an OpenGL shader program
+using ProgramCode = std::vector<u64>;
+using Maxwell = Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs;
+
+using TextureBufferUsage = std::bitset<64>;
+
+/// Allocated bindings used by an OpenGL shader program.
 struct BaseBindings {
     u32 cbuf{};
     u32 gmem{};
     u32 sampler{};
+    u32 image{};
 
     bool operator==(const BaseBindings& rhs) const {
-        return std::tie(cbuf, gmem, sampler) == std::tie(rhs.cbuf, rhs.gmem, rhs.sampler);
+        return std::tie(cbuf, gmem, sampler, image) ==
+               std::tie(rhs.cbuf, rhs.gmem, rhs.sampler, rhs.image);
     }
 
     bool operator!=(const BaseBindings& rhs) const {
@@ -53,15 +58,29 @@ struct BaseBindings {
     }
 };
 
-/// Describes how a shader is used
+/// Describes the different variants a single program can be compiled.
+struct ProgramVariant {
+    BaseBindings base_bindings;
+    GLenum primitive_mode{};
+    TextureBufferUsage texture_buffer_usage{};
+
+    bool operator==(const ProgramVariant& rhs) const {
+        return std::tie(base_bindings, primitive_mode, texture_buffer_usage) ==
+               std::tie(rhs.base_bindings, rhs.primitive_mode, rhs.texture_buffer_usage);
+    }
+
+    bool operator!=(const ProgramVariant& rhs) const {
+        return !operator==(rhs);
+    }
+};
+
+/// Describes how a shader is used.
 struct ShaderDiskCacheUsage {
     u64 unique_identifier{};
-    BaseBindings bindings;
-    GLenum primitive{};
+    ProgramVariant variant;
 
     bool operator==(const ShaderDiskCacheUsage& rhs) const {
-        return std::tie(unique_identifier, bindings, primitive) ==
-               std::tie(rhs.unique_identifier, rhs.bindings, rhs.primitive);
+        return std::tie(unique_identifier, variant) == std::tie(rhs.unique_identifier, rhs.variant);
     }
 
     bool operator!=(const ShaderDiskCacheUsage& rhs) const {
@@ -76,7 +95,19 @@ namespace std {
 template <>
 struct hash<OpenGL::BaseBindings> {
     std::size_t operator()(const OpenGL::BaseBindings& bindings) const noexcept {
-        return bindings.cbuf | bindings.gmem << 8 | bindings.sampler << 16;
+        return static_cast<std::size_t>(bindings.cbuf) ^
+               (static_cast<std::size_t>(bindings.gmem) << 8) ^
+               (static_cast<std::size_t>(bindings.sampler) << 16) ^
+               (static_cast<std::size_t>(bindings.image) << 24);
+    }
+};
+
+template <>
+struct hash<OpenGL::ProgramVariant> {
+    std::size_t operator()(const OpenGL::ProgramVariant& variant) const noexcept {
+        return std::hash<OpenGL::BaseBindings>()(variant.base_bindings) ^
+               std::hash<OpenGL::TextureBufferUsage>()(variant.texture_buffer_usage) ^
+               (static_cast<std::size_t>(variant.primitive_mode) << 6);
     }
 };
 
@@ -84,7 +115,7 @@ template <>
 struct hash<OpenGL::ShaderDiskCacheUsage> {
     std::size_t operator()(const OpenGL::ShaderDiskCacheUsage& usage) const noexcept {
         return static_cast<std::size_t>(usage.unique_identifier) ^
-               std::hash<OpenGL::BaseBindings>()(usage.bindings) ^ usage.primitive << 16;
+               std::hash<OpenGL::ProgramVariant>()(usage.variant);
     }
 };
 
@@ -275,26 +306,17 @@ private:
         return LoadArrayFromPrecompiled(&object, 1);
     }
 
-    bool LoadObjectFromPrecompiled(bool& object) {
-        u8 value;
-        const bool read_ok = LoadArrayFromPrecompiled(&value, 1);
-        if (!read_ok) {
-            return false;
-        }
-
-        object = value != 0;
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    // Core system
     Core::System& system;
-    // Stored transferable shaders
-    std::map<u64, std::unordered_set<ShaderDiskCacheUsage>> transferable;
-    // Stores whole precompiled cache which will be read from/saved to the precompiled cache file
+
+    // Stores whole precompiled cache which will be read from or saved to the precompiled chache
+    // file
     FileSys::VectorVfsFile precompiled_cache_virtual_file;
     // Stores the current offset of the precompiled cache file for IO purposes
     std::size_t precompiled_cache_virtual_file_offset = 0;
 
+    // Stored transferable shaders
+    std::unordered_map<u64, std::unordered_set<ShaderDiskCacheUsage>> transferable;
+
     // The cache has been loaded at boot
     bool tried_to_load{};
 };

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_stream_buffer.cpp

@@ -15,7 +15,8 @@ MICROPROFILE_DEFINE(OpenGL_StreamBuffer, "OpenGL", "Stream Buffer Orphaning",
 
 namespace OpenGL {
 
-OGLStreamBuffer::OGLStreamBuffer(GLsizeiptr size, bool vertex_data_usage, bool prefer_coherent)
+OGLStreamBuffer::OGLStreamBuffer(GLsizeiptr size, bool vertex_data_usage, bool prefer_coherent,
+                                 bool use_persistent)
     : buffer_size(size) {
     gl_buffer.Create();
 
@@ -29,7 +30,7 @@ OGLStreamBuffer::OGLStreamBuffer(GLsizeiptr size, bool vertex_data_usage, bool p
         allocate_size *= 2;
     }
 
-    if (GLAD_GL_ARB_buffer_storage) {
+    if (use_persistent) {
         persistent = true;
         coherent = prefer_coherent;
         const GLbitfield flags =

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_stream_buffer.h

@@ -13,7 +13,8 @@ namespace OpenGL {
 
 class OGLStreamBuffer : private NonCopyable {
 public:
-    explicit OGLStreamBuffer(GLsizeiptr size, bool vertex_data_usage, bool prefer_coherent = false);
+    explicit OGLStreamBuffer(GLsizeiptr size, bool vertex_data_usage, bool prefer_coherent = false,
+                             bool use_persistent = true);
     ~OGLStreamBuffer();
 
     GLuint GetHandle() const;

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_texture_cache.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,614 @@
+// Copyright 2019 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#include "common/assert.h"
+#include "common/bit_util.h"
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "common/microprofile.h"
+#include "common/scope_exit.h"
+#include "core/core.h"
+#include "video_core/morton.h"
+#include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_resource_manager.h"
+#include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_state.h"
+#include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_texture_cache.h"
+#include "video_core/renderer_opengl/utils.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/surface_base.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/texture_cache.h"
+#include "video_core/textures/convert.h"
+#include "video_core/textures/texture.h"
+
+namespace OpenGL {
+
+using Tegra::Texture::SwizzleSource;
+using VideoCore::MortonSwizzleMode;
+
+using VideoCore::Surface::ComponentType;
+using VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat;
+using VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceCompression;
+using VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceTarget;
+using VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceType;
+
+MICROPROFILE_DEFINE(OpenGL_Texture_Upload, "OpenGL", "Texture Upload", MP_RGB(128, 192, 128));
+MICROPROFILE_DEFINE(OpenGL_Texture_Download, "OpenGL", "Texture Download", MP_RGB(128, 192, 128));
+
+namespace {
+
+struct FormatTuple {
+    GLint internal_format;
+    GLenum format;
+    GLenum type;
+    ComponentType component_type;
+    bool compressed;
+};
+
+constexpr std::array<FormatTuple, VideoCore::Surface::MaxPixelFormat> tex_format_tuples = {{
+    {GL_RGBA8, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_INT_8_8_8_8_REV, ComponentType::UNorm, false}, // ABGR8U
+    {GL_RGBA8, GL_RGBA, GL_BYTE, ComponentType::SNorm, false},                     // ABGR8S
+    {GL_RGBA8UI, GL_RGBA_INTEGER, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, ComponentType::UInt, false},   // ABGR8UI
+    {GL_RGB565, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT_5_6_5_REV, ComponentType::UNorm, false}, // B5G6R5U
+    {GL_RGB10_A2, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_INT_2_10_10_10_REV, ComponentType::UNorm,
+     false}, // A2B10G10R10U
+    {GL_RGB5_A1, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT_1_5_5_5_REV, ComponentType::UNorm, false}, // A1B5G5R5U
+    {GL_R8, GL_RED, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, ComponentType::UNorm, false},                    // R8U
+    {GL_R8UI, GL_RED_INTEGER, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, ComponentType::UInt, false},           // R8UI
+    {GL_RGBA16F, GL_RGBA, GL_HALF_FLOAT, ComponentType::Float, false},                 // RGBA16F
+    {GL_RGBA16, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT, ComponentType::UNorm, false},              // RGBA16U
+    {GL_RGBA16UI, GL_RGBA_INTEGER, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT, ComponentType::UInt, false},     // RGBA16UI
+    {GL_R11F_G11F_B10F, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_INT_10F_11F_11F_REV, ComponentType::Float,
+     false},                                                                     // R11FG11FB10F
+    {GL_RGBA32UI, GL_RGBA_INTEGER, GL_UNSIGNED_INT, ComponentType::UInt, false}, // RGBA32UI
+    {GL_COMPRESSED_RGBA_S3TC_DXT1_EXT, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_INT_8_8_8_8, ComponentType::UNorm,
+     true}, // DXT1
+    {GL_COMPRESSED_RGBA_S3TC_DXT3_EXT, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_INT_8_8_8_8, ComponentType::UNorm,
+     true}, // DXT23
+    {GL_COMPRESSED_RGBA_S3TC_DXT5_EXT, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_INT_8_8_8_8, ComponentType::UNorm,
+     true},                                                                                 // DXT45
+    {GL_COMPRESSED_RED_RGTC1, GL_RED, GL_UNSIGNED_INT_8_8_8_8, ComponentType::UNorm, true}, // DXN1
+    {GL_COMPRESSED_RG_RGTC2, GL_RG, GL_UNSIGNED_INT_8_8_8_8, ComponentType::UNorm,
+     true},                                                                     // DXN2UNORM
+    {GL_COMPRESSED_SIGNED_RG_RGTC2, GL_RG, GL_INT, ComponentType::SNorm, true}, // DXN2SNORM
+    {GL_COMPRESSED_RGBA_BPTC_UNORM, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_INT_8_8_8_8, ComponentType::UNorm,
+     true}, // BC7U
+    {GL_COMPRESSED_RGB_BPTC_UNSIGNED_FLOAT, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_INT_8_8_8_8, ComponentType::Float,
+     true}, // BC6H_UF16
+    {GL_COMPRESSED_RGB_BPTC_SIGNED_FLOAT, GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_INT_8_8_8_8, ComponentType::Float,
+     true},                                                                    // BC6H_SF16
+    {GL_RGBA8, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, ComponentType::UNorm, false},        // ASTC_2D_4X4
+    {GL_RGBA8, GL_BGRA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, ComponentType::UNorm, false},        // BGRA8
+    {GL_RGBA32F, GL_RGBA, GL_FLOAT, ComponentType::Float, false},              // RGBA32F
+    {GL_RG32F, GL_RG, GL_FLOAT, ComponentType::Float, false},                  // RG32F
+    {GL_R32F, GL_RED, GL_FLOAT, ComponentType::Float, false},                  // R32F
+    {GL_R16F, GL_RED, GL_HALF_FLOAT, ComponentType::Float, false},             // R16F
+    {GL_R16, GL_RED, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT, ComponentType::UNorm, false},          // R16U
+    {GL_R16_SNORM, GL_RED, GL_SHORT, ComponentType::SNorm, false},             // R16S
+    {GL_R16UI, GL_RED_INTEGER, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT, ComponentType::UInt, false}, // R16UI
+    {GL_R16I, GL_RED_INTEGER, GL_SHORT, ComponentType::SInt, false},           // R16I
+    {GL_RG16, GL_RG, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT, ComponentType::UNorm, false},          // RG16
+    {GL_RG16F, GL_RG, GL_HALF_FLOAT, ComponentType::Float, false},             // RG16F
+    {GL_RG16UI, GL_RG_INTEGER, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT, ComponentType::UInt, false}, // RG16UI
+    {GL_RG16I, GL_RG_INTEGER, GL_SHORT, ComponentType::SInt, false},           // RG16I
+    {GL_RG16_SNORM, GL_RG, GL_SHORT, ComponentType::SNorm, false},             // RG16S
+    {GL_RGB32F, GL_RGB, GL_FLOAT, ComponentType::Float, false},                // RGB32F
+    {GL_SRGB8_ALPHA8, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_INT_8_8_8_8_REV, ComponentType::UNorm,
+     false},                                                                   // RGBA8_SRGB
+    {GL_RG8, GL_RG, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, ComponentType::UNorm, false},            // RG8U
+    {GL_RG8, GL_RG, GL_BYTE, ComponentType::SNorm, false},                     // RG8S
+    {GL_RG32UI, GL_RG_INTEGER, GL_UNSIGNED_INT, ComponentType::UInt, false},   // RG32UI
+    {GL_R32UI, GL_RED_INTEGER, GL_UNSIGNED_INT, ComponentType::UInt, false},   // R32UI
+    {GL_RGBA8, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, ComponentType::UNorm, false},        // ASTC_2D_8X8
+    {GL_RGBA8, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, ComponentType::UNorm, false},        // ASTC_2D_8X5
+    {GL_RGBA8, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, ComponentType::UNorm, false},        // ASTC_2D_5X4
+    {GL_SRGB8_ALPHA8, GL_BGRA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, ComponentType::UNorm, false}, // BGRA8
+    // Compressed sRGB formats
+    {GL_COMPRESSED_SRGB_ALPHA_S3TC_DXT1_EXT, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_INT_8_8_8_8, ComponentType::UNorm,
+     true}, // DXT1_SRGB
+    {GL_COMPRESSED_SRGB_ALPHA_S3TC_DXT3_EXT, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_INT_8_8_8_8, ComponentType::UNorm,
+     true}, // DXT23_SRGB
+    {GL_COMPRESSED_SRGB_ALPHA_S3TC_DXT5_EXT, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_INT_8_8_8_8, ComponentType::UNorm,
+     true}, // DXT45_SRGB
+    {GL_COMPRESSED_SRGB_ALPHA_BPTC_UNORM, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_INT_8_8_8_8, ComponentType::UNorm,
+     true},                                                                    // BC7U_SRGB
+    {GL_SRGB8_ALPHA8, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, ComponentType::UNorm, false}, // ASTC_2D_4X4_SRGB
+    {GL_SRGB8_ALPHA8, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, ComponentType::UNorm, false}, // ASTC_2D_8X8_SRGB
+    {GL_SRGB8_ALPHA8, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, ComponentType::UNorm, false}, // ASTC_2D_8X5_SRGB
+    {GL_SRGB8_ALPHA8, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, ComponentType::UNorm, false}, // ASTC_2D_5X4_SRGB
+    {GL_RGBA8, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, ComponentType::UNorm, false},        // ASTC_2D_5X5
+    {GL_SRGB8_ALPHA8, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, ComponentType::UNorm, false}, // ASTC_2D_5X5_SRGB
+    {GL_RGBA8, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, ComponentType::UNorm, false},        // ASTC_2D_10X8
+    {GL_SRGB8_ALPHA8, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, ComponentType::UNorm, false}, // ASTC_2D_10X8_SRGB
+
+    // Depth formats
+    {GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT32F, GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT, GL_FLOAT, ComponentType::Float, false}, // Z32F
+    {GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT16, GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT, GL_UNSIGNED_SHORT, ComponentType::UNorm,
+     false}, // Z16
+
+    // DepthStencil formats
+    {GL_DEPTH24_STENCIL8, GL_DEPTH_STENCIL, GL_UNSIGNED_INT_24_8, ComponentType::UNorm,
+     false}, // Z24S8
+    {GL_DEPTH24_STENCIL8, GL_DEPTH_STENCIL, GL_UNSIGNED_INT_24_8, ComponentType::UNorm,
+     false}, // S8Z24
+    {GL_DEPTH32F_STENCIL8, GL_DEPTH_STENCIL, GL_FLOAT_32_UNSIGNED_INT_24_8_REV,
+     ComponentType::Float, false}, // Z32FS8
+}};
+
+const FormatTuple& GetFormatTuple(PixelFormat pixel_format, ComponentType component_type) {
+    ASSERT(static_cast<std::size_t>(pixel_format) < tex_format_tuples.size());
+    const auto& format{tex_format_tuples[static_cast<std::size_t>(pixel_format)]};
+    ASSERT(component_type == format.component_type);
+    return format;
+}
+
+GLenum GetTextureTarget(const SurfaceTarget& target) {
+    switch (target) {
+    case SurfaceTarget::TextureBuffer:
+        return GL_TEXTURE_BUFFER;
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture1D:
+        return GL_TEXTURE_1D;
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture2D:
+        return GL_TEXTURE_2D;
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture3D:
+        return GL_TEXTURE_3D;
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture1DArray:
+        return GL_TEXTURE_1D_ARRAY;
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture2DArray:
+        return GL_TEXTURE_2D_ARRAY;
+    case SurfaceTarget::TextureCubemap:
+        return GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP;
+    case SurfaceTarget::TextureCubeArray:
+        return GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_ARRAY;
+    }
+    UNREACHABLE();
+    return {};
+}
+
+GLint GetSwizzleSource(SwizzleSource source) {
+    switch (source) {
+    case SwizzleSource::Zero:
+        return GL_ZERO;
+    case SwizzleSource::R:
+        return GL_RED;
+    case SwizzleSource::G:
+        return GL_GREEN;
+    case SwizzleSource::B:
+        return GL_BLUE;
+    case SwizzleSource::A:
+        return GL_ALPHA;
+    case SwizzleSource::OneInt:
+    case SwizzleSource::OneFloat:
+        return GL_ONE;
+    }
+    UNREACHABLE();
+    return GL_NONE;
+}
+
+void ApplyTextureDefaults(const SurfaceParams& params, GLuint texture) {
+    glTextureParameteri(texture, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+    glTextureParameteri(texture, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+    glTextureParameteri(texture, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
+    glTextureParameteri(texture, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
+    glTextureParameteri(texture, GL_TEXTURE_MAX_LEVEL, params.num_levels - 1);
+    if (params.num_levels == 1) {
+        glTextureParameterf(texture, GL_TEXTURE_LOD_BIAS, 1000.0f);
+    }
+}
+
+OGLTexture CreateTexture(const SurfaceParams& params, GLenum target, GLenum internal_format,
+                         OGLBuffer& texture_buffer) {
+    OGLTexture texture;
+    texture.Create(target);
+
+    switch (params.target) {
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture1D:
+        glTextureStorage1D(texture.handle, params.emulated_levels, internal_format, params.width);
+        break;
+    case SurfaceTarget::TextureBuffer:
+        texture_buffer.Create();
+        glNamedBufferStorage(texture_buffer.handle, params.width * params.GetBytesPerPixel(),
+                             nullptr, GL_DYNAMIC_STORAGE_BIT);
+        glTextureBuffer(texture.handle, internal_format, texture_buffer.handle);
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture2D:
+    case SurfaceTarget::TextureCubemap:
+        glTextureStorage2D(texture.handle, params.emulated_levels, internal_format, params.width,
+                           params.height);
+        break;
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture3D:
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture2DArray:
+    case SurfaceTarget::TextureCubeArray:
+        glTextureStorage3D(texture.handle, params.emulated_levels, internal_format, params.width,
+                           params.height, params.depth);
+        break;
+    default:
+        UNREACHABLE();
+    }
+
+    ApplyTextureDefaults(params, texture.handle);
+
+    return texture;
+}
+
+} // Anonymous namespace
+
+CachedSurface::CachedSurface(const GPUVAddr gpu_addr, const SurfaceParams& params)
+    : VideoCommon::SurfaceBase<View>(gpu_addr, params) {
+    const auto& tuple{GetFormatTuple(params.pixel_format, params.component_type)};
+    internal_format = tuple.internal_format;
+    format = tuple.format;
+    type = tuple.type;
+    is_compressed = tuple.compressed;
+    target = GetTextureTarget(params.target);
+    texture = CreateTexture(params, target, internal_format, texture_buffer);
+    DecorateSurfaceName();
+    main_view = CreateViewInner(
+        ViewParams(params.target, 0, params.is_layered ? params.depth : 1, 0, params.num_levels),
+        true);
+}
+
+CachedSurface::~CachedSurface() = default;
+
+void CachedSurface::DownloadTexture(std::vector<u8>& staging_buffer) {
+    MICROPROFILE_SCOPE(OpenGL_Texture_Download);
+
+    SCOPE_EXIT({ glPixelStorei(GL_PACK_ROW_LENGTH, 0); });
+
+    for (u32 level = 0; level < params.emulated_levels; ++level) {
+        glPixelStorei(GL_PACK_ALIGNMENT, std::min(8U, params.GetRowAlignment(level)));
+        glPixelStorei(GL_PACK_ROW_LENGTH, static_cast<GLint>(params.GetMipWidth(level)));
+        const std::size_t mip_offset = params.GetHostMipmapLevelOffset(level);
+        if (is_compressed) {
+            glGetCompressedTextureImage(texture.handle, level,
+                                        static_cast<GLsizei>(params.GetHostMipmapSize(level)),
+                                        staging_buffer.data() + mip_offset);
+        } else {
+            glGetTextureImage(texture.handle, level, format, type,
+                              static_cast<GLsizei>(params.GetHostMipmapSize(level)),
+                              staging_buffer.data() + mip_offset);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void CachedSurface::UploadTexture(const std::vector<u8>& staging_buffer) {
+    MICROPROFILE_SCOPE(OpenGL_Texture_Upload);
+    SCOPE_EXIT({ glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ROW_LENGTH, 0); });
+    for (u32 level = 0; level < params.emulated_levels; ++level) {
+        UploadTextureMipmap(level, staging_buffer);
+    }
+}
+
+void CachedSurface::UploadTextureMipmap(u32 level, const std::vector<u8>& staging_buffer) {
+    glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT, std::min(8U, params.GetRowAlignment(level)));
+    glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ROW_LENGTH, static_cast<GLint>(params.GetMipWidth(level)));
+
+    auto compression_type = params.GetCompressionType();
+
+    const std::size_t mip_offset = compression_type == SurfaceCompression::Converted
+                                       ? params.GetConvertedMipmapOffset(level)
+                                       : params.GetHostMipmapLevelOffset(level);
+    const u8* buffer{staging_buffer.data() + mip_offset};
+    if (is_compressed) {
+        const auto image_size{static_cast<GLsizei>(params.GetHostMipmapSize(level))};
+        switch (params.target) {
+        case SurfaceTarget::Texture2D:
+            glCompressedTextureSubImage2D(texture.handle, level, 0, 0,
+                                          static_cast<GLsizei>(params.GetMipWidth(level)),
+                                          static_cast<GLsizei>(params.GetMipHeight(level)),
+                                          internal_format, image_size, buffer);
+            break;
+        case SurfaceTarget::Texture3D:
+        case SurfaceTarget::Texture2DArray:
+        case SurfaceTarget::TextureCubeArray:
+            glCompressedTextureSubImage3D(texture.handle, level, 0, 0, 0,
+                                          static_cast<GLsizei>(params.GetMipWidth(level)),
+                                          static_cast<GLsizei>(params.GetMipHeight(level)),
+                                          static_cast<GLsizei>(params.GetMipDepth(level)),
+                                          internal_format, image_size, buffer);
+            break;
+        case SurfaceTarget::TextureCubemap: {
+            const std::size_t layer_size{params.GetHostLayerSize(level)};
+            for (std::size_t face = 0; face < params.depth; ++face) {
+                glCompressedTextureSubImage3D(texture.handle, level, 0, 0, static_cast<GLint>(face),
+                                              static_cast<GLsizei>(params.GetMipWidth(level)),
+                                              static_cast<GLsizei>(params.GetMipHeight(level)), 1,
+                                              internal_format, static_cast<GLsizei>(layer_size),
+                                              buffer);
+                buffer += layer_size;
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+        default:
+            UNREACHABLE();
+        }
+    } else {
+        switch (params.target) {
+        case SurfaceTarget::Texture1D:
+            glTextureSubImage1D(texture.handle, level, 0, params.GetMipWidth(level), format, type,
+                                buffer);
+            break;
+        case SurfaceTarget::TextureBuffer:
+            ASSERT(level == 0);
+            glNamedBufferSubData(texture_buffer.handle, 0,
+                                 params.GetMipWidth(level) * params.GetBytesPerPixel(), buffer);
+            break;
+        case SurfaceTarget::Texture1DArray:
+        case SurfaceTarget::Texture2D:
+            glTextureSubImage2D(texture.handle, level, 0, 0, params.GetMipWidth(level),
+                                params.GetMipHeight(level), format, type, buffer);
+            break;
+        case SurfaceTarget::Texture3D:
+        case SurfaceTarget::Texture2DArray:
+        case SurfaceTarget::TextureCubeArray:
+            glTextureSubImage3D(
+                texture.handle, level, 0, 0, 0, static_cast<GLsizei>(params.GetMipWidth(level)),
+                static_cast<GLsizei>(params.GetMipHeight(level)),
+                static_cast<GLsizei>(params.GetMipDepth(level)), format, type, buffer);
+            break;
+        case SurfaceTarget::TextureCubemap:
+            for (std::size_t face = 0; face < params.depth; ++face) {
+                glTextureSubImage3D(texture.handle, level, 0, 0, static_cast<GLint>(face),
+                                    params.GetMipWidth(level), params.GetMipHeight(level), 1,
+                                    format, type, buffer);
+                buffer += params.GetHostLayerSize(level);
+            }
+            break;
+        default:
+            UNREACHABLE();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void CachedSurface::DecorateSurfaceName() {
+    LabelGLObject(GL_TEXTURE, texture.handle, GetGpuAddr(), params.TargetName());
+}
+
+void CachedSurfaceView::DecorateViewName(GPUVAddr gpu_addr, std::string prefix) {
+    LabelGLObject(GL_TEXTURE, texture_view.handle, gpu_addr, prefix);
+}
+
+View CachedSurface::CreateView(const ViewParams& view_key) {
+    return CreateViewInner(view_key, false);
+}
+
+View CachedSurface::CreateViewInner(const ViewParams& view_key, const bool is_proxy) {
+    auto view = std::make_shared<CachedSurfaceView>(*this, view_key, is_proxy);
+    views[view_key] = view;
+    if (!is_proxy)
+        view->DecorateViewName(gpu_addr, params.TargetName() + "V:" + std::to_string(view_count++));
+    return view;
+}
+
+CachedSurfaceView::CachedSurfaceView(CachedSurface& surface, const ViewParams& params,
+                                     const bool is_proxy)
+    : VideoCommon::ViewBase(params), surface{surface}, is_proxy{is_proxy} {
+    target = GetTextureTarget(params.target);
+    if (!is_proxy) {
+        texture_view = CreateTextureView();
+    }
+    swizzle = EncodeSwizzle(SwizzleSource::R, SwizzleSource::G, SwizzleSource::B, SwizzleSource::A);
+}
+
+CachedSurfaceView::~CachedSurfaceView() = default;
+
+void CachedSurfaceView::Attach(GLenum attachment, GLenum target) const {
+    ASSERT(params.num_layers == 1 && params.num_levels == 1);
+
+    const auto& owner_params = surface.GetSurfaceParams();
+
+    switch (owner_params.target) {
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture1D:
+        glFramebufferTexture1D(target, attachment, surface.GetTarget(), surface.GetTexture(),
+                               params.base_level);
+        break;
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture2D:
+        glFramebufferTexture2D(target, attachment, surface.GetTarget(), surface.GetTexture(),
+                               params.base_level);
+        break;
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture1DArray:
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture2DArray:
+    case SurfaceTarget::TextureCubemap:
+    case SurfaceTarget::TextureCubeArray:
+        glFramebufferTextureLayer(target, attachment, surface.GetTexture(), params.base_level,
+                                  params.base_layer);
+        break;
+    default:
+        UNIMPLEMENTED();
+    }
+}
+
+void CachedSurfaceView::ApplySwizzle(SwizzleSource x_source, SwizzleSource y_source,
+                                     SwizzleSource z_source, SwizzleSource w_source) {
+    u32 new_swizzle = EncodeSwizzle(x_source, y_source, z_source, w_source);
+    if (new_swizzle == swizzle)
+        return;
+    swizzle = new_swizzle;
+    const std::array<GLint, 4> gl_swizzle = {GetSwizzleSource(x_source), GetSwizzleSource(y_source),
+                                             GetSwizzleSource(z_source),
+                                             GetSwizzleSource(w_source)};
+    const GLuint handle = GetTexture();
+    glTextureParameteriv(handle, GL_TEXTURE_SWIZZLE_RGBA, gl_swizzle.data());
+}
+
+OGLTextureView CachedSurfaceView::CreateTextureView() const {
+    const auto& owner_params = surface.GetSurfaceParams();
+    OGLTextureView texture_view;
+    texture_view.Create();
+
+    const GLuint handle{texture_view.handle};
+    const FormatTuple& tuple{
+        GetFormatTuple(owner_params.pixel_format, owner_params.component_type)};
+
+    glTextureView(handle, target, surface.texture.handle, tuple.internal_format, params.base_level,
+                  params.num_levels, params.base_layer, params.num_layers);
+
+    ApplyTextureDefaults(owner_params, handle);
+
+    return texture_view;
+}
+
+TextureCacheOpenGL::TextureCacheOpenGL(Core::System& system,
+                                       VideoCore::RasterizerInterface& rasterizer,
+                                       const Device& device)
+    : TextureCacheBase{system, rasterizer} {
+    src_framebuffer.Create();
+    dst_framebuffer.Create();
+}
+
+TextureCacheOpenGL::~TextureCacheOpenGL() = default;
+
+Surface TextureCacheOpenGL::CreateSurface(GPUVAddr gpu_addr, const SurfaceParams& params) {
+    return std::make_shared<CachedSurface>(gpu_addr, params);
+}
+
+void TextureCacheOpenGL::ImageCopy(Surface& src_surface, Surface& dst_surface,
+                                   const VideoCommon::CopyParams& copy_params) {
+    const auto& src_params = src_surface->GetSurfaceParams();
+    const auto& dst_params = dst_surface->GetSurfaceParams();
+    if (src_params.type != dst_params.type) {
+        // A fallback is needed
+        return;
+    }
+    const auto src_handle = src_surface->GetTexture();
+    const auto src_target = src_surface->GetTarget();
+    const auto dst_handle = dst_surface->GetTexture();
+    const auto dst_target = dst_surface->GetTarget();
+    glCopyImageSubData(src_handle, src_target, copy_params.source_level, copy_params.source_x,
+                       copy_params.source_y, copy_params.source_z, dst_handle, dst_target,
+                       copy_params.dest_level, copy_params.dest_x, copy_params.dest_y,
+                       copy_params.dest_z, copy_params.width, copy_params.height,
+                       copy_params.depth);
+}
+
+void TextureCacheOpenGL::ImageBlit(View& src_view, View& dst_view,
+                                   const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Config& copy_config) {
+    const auto& src_params{src_view->GetSurfaceParams()};
+    const auto& dst_params{dst_view->GetSurfaceParams()};
+
+    OpenGLState prev_state{OpenGLState::GetCurState()};
+    SCOPE_EXIT({ prev_state.Apply(); });
+
+    OpenGLState state;
+    state.draw.read_framebuffer = src_framebuffer.handle;
+    state.draw.draw_framebuffer = dst_framebuffer.handle;
+    state.Apply();
+
+    u32 buffers{};
+
+    UNIMPLEMENTED_IF(src_params.target == SurfaceTarget::Texture3D);
+    UNIMPLEMENTED_IF(dst_params.target == SurfaceTarget::Texture3D);
+
+    if (src_params.type == SurfaceType::ColorTexture) {
+        src_view->Attach(GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_READ_FRAMEBUFFER);
+        glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_READ_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT, GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0,
+                               0);
+
+        dst_view->Attach(GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER);
+        glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT, GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0,
+                               0);
+
+        buffers = GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT;
+    } else if (src_params.type == SurfaceType::Depth) {
+        glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_READ_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 0);
+        src_view->Attach(GL_DEPTH_ATTACHMENT, GL_READ_FRAMEBUFFER);
+        glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_READ_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT, GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 0);
+
+        glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 0);
+        dst_view->Attach(GL_DEPTH_ATTACHMENT, GL_DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER);
+        glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT, GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 0);
+
+        buffers = GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT;
+    } else if (src_params.type == SurfaceType::DepthStencil) {
+        glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_READ_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 0);
+        src_view->Attach(GL_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT, GL_READ_FRAMEBUFFER);
+
+        glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 0);
+        dst_view->Attach(GL_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT, GL_DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER);
+
+        buffers = GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT | GL_STENCIL_BUFFER_BIT;
+    }
+
+    const Common::Rectangle<u32>& src_rect = copy_config.src_rect;
+    const Common::Rectangle<u32>& dst_rect = copy_config.dst_rect;
+    const bool is_linear = copy_config.filter == Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Filter::Linear;
+
+    glBlitFramebuffer(src_rect.left, src_rect.top, src_rect.right, src_rect.bottom, dst_rect.left,
+                      dst_rect.top, dst_rect.right, dst_rect.bottom, buffers,
+                      is_linear && (buffers == GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT) ? GL_LINEAR : GL_NEAREST);
+}
+
+void TextureCacheOpenGL::BufferCopy(Surface& src_surface, Surface& dst_surface) {
+    const auto& src_params = src_surface->GetSurfaceParams();
+    const auto& dst_params = dst_surface->GetSurfaceParams();
+    UNIMPLEMENTED_IF(src_params.num_levels > 1 || dst_params.num_levels > 1);
+
+    const auto source_format = GetFormatTuple(src_params.pixel_format, src_params.component_type);
+    const auto dest_format = GetFormatTuple(dst_params.pixel_format, dst_params.component_type);
+
+    const std::size_t source_size = src_surface->GetHostSizeInBytes();
+    const std::size_t dest_size = dst_surface->GetHostSizeInBytes();
+
+    const std::size_t buffer_size = std::max(source_size, dest_size);
+
+    GLuint copy_pbo_handle = FetchPBO(buffer_size);
+
+    glBindBuffer(GL_PIXEL_PACK_BUFFER, copy_pbo_handle);
+
+    if (source_format.compressed) {
+        glGetCompressedTextureImage(src_surface->GetTexture(), 0, static_cast<GLsizei>(source_size),
+                                    nullptr);
+    } else {
+        glGetTextureImage(src_surface->GetTexture(), 0, source_format.format, source_format.type,
+                          static_cast<GLsizei>(source_size), nullptr);
+    }
+    glBindBuffer(GL_PIXEL_PACK_BUFFER, 0);
+
+    glBindBuffer(GL_PIXEL_UNPACK_BUFFER, copy_pbo_handle);
+
+    const GLsizei width = static_cast<GLsizei>(dst_params.width);
+    const GLsizei height = static_cast<GLsizei>(dst_params.height);
+    const GLsizei depth = static_cast<GLsizei>(dst_params.depth);
+    if (dest_format.compressed) {
+        LOG_CRITICAL(HW_GPU, "Compressed buffer copy is unimplemented!");
+        UNREACHABLE();
+    } else {
+        switch (dst_params.target) {
+        case SurfaceTarget::Texture1D:
+            glTextureSubImage1D(dst_surface->GetTexture(), 0, 0, width, dest_format.format,
+                                dest_format.type, nullptr);
+            break;
+        case SurfaceTarget::Texture2D:
+            glTextureSubImage2D(dst_surface->GetTexture(), 0, 0, 0, width, height,
+                                dest_format.format, dest_format.type, nullptr);
+            break;
+        case SurfaceTarget::Texture3D:
+        case SurfaceTarget::Texture2DArray:
+        case SurfaceTarget::TextureCubeArray:
+            glTextureSubImage3D(dst_surface->GetTexture(), 0, 0, 0, 0, width, height, depth,
+                                dest_format.format, dest_format.type, nullptr);
+            break;
+        case SurfaceTarget::TextureCubemap:
+            glTextureSubImage3D(dst_surface->GetTexture(), 0, 0, 0, 0, width, height, depth,
+                                dest_format.format, dest_format.type, nullptr);
+            break;
+        default:
+            LOG_CRITICAL(Render_OpenGL, "Unimplemented surface target={}",
+                         static_cast<u32>(dst_params.target));
+            UNREACHABLE();
+        }
+    }
+    glBindBuffer(GL_PIXEL_UNPACK_BUFFER, 0);
+
+    glTextureBarrier();
+}
+
+GLuint TextureCacheOpenGL::FetchPBO(std::size_t buffer_size) {
+    ASSERT_OR_EXECUTE(buffer_size > 0, { return 0; });
+    const u32 l2 = Common::Log2Ceil64(static_cast<u64>(buffer_size));
+    OGLBuffer& cp = copy_pbo_cache[l2];
+    if (cp.handle == 0) {
+        const std::size_t ceil_size = 1ULL << l2;
+        cp.Create();
+        cp.MakeStreamCopy(ceil_size);
+    }
+    return cp.handle;
+}
+
+} // namespace OpenGL

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_texture_cache.h

@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+// Copyright 2019 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <array>
+#include <functional>
+#include <memory>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <glad/glad.h>
+
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "video_core/engines/shader_bytecode.h"
+#include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_device.h"
+#include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_resource_manager.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/texture_cache.h"
+
+namespace OpenGL {
+
+using VideoCommon::SurfaceParams;
+using VideoCommon::ViewParams;
+
+class CachedSurfaceView;
+class CachedSurface;
+class TextureCacheOpenGL;
+
+using Surface = std::shared_ptr<CachedSurface>;
+using View = std::shared_ptr<CachedSurfaceView>;
+using TextureCacheBase = VideoCommon::TextureCache<Surface, View>;
+
+class CachedSurface final : public VideoCommon::SurfaceBase<View> {
+    friend CachedSurfaceView;
+
+public:
+    explicit CachedSurface(GPUVAddr gpu_addr, const SurfaceParams& params);
+    ~CachedSurface();
+
+    void UploadTexture(const std::vector<u8>& staging_buffer) override;
+    void DownloadTexture(std::vector<u8>& staging_buffer) override;
+
+    GLenum GetTarget() const {
+        return target;
+    }
+
+    GLuint GetTexture() const {
+        return texture.handle;
+    }
+
+protected:
+    void DecorateSurfaceName();
+
+    View CreateView(const ViewParams& view_key) override;
+    View CreateViewInner(const ViewParams& view_key, bool is_proxy);
+
+private:
+    void UploadTextureMipmap(u32 level, const std::vector<u8>& staging_buffer);
+
+    GLenum internal_format{};
+    GLenum format{};
+    GLenum type{};
+    bool is_compressed{};
+    GLenum target{};
+    u32 view_count{};
+
+    OGLTexture texture;
+    OGLBuffer texture_buffer;
+};
+
+class CachedSurfaceView final : public VideoCommon::ViewBase {
+public:
+    explicit CachedSurfaceView(CachedSurface& surface, const ViewParams& params, bool is_proxy);
+    ~CachedSurfaceView();
+
+    /// Attaches this texture view to the current bound GL_DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER
+    void Attach(GLenum attachment, GLenum target) const;
+
+    GLuint GetTexture() const {
+        if (is_proxy) {
+            return surface.GetTexture();
+        }
+        return texture_view.handle;
+    }
+
+    const SurfaceParams& GetSurfaceParams() const {
+        return surface.GetSurfaceParams();
+    }
+
+    void ApplySwizzle(Tegra::Texture::SwizzleSource x_source,
+                      Tegra::Texture::SwizzleSource y_source,
+                      Tegra::Texture::SwizzleSource z_source,
+                      Tegra::Texture::SwizzleSource w_source);
+
+    void DecorateViewName(GPUVAddr gpu_addr, std::string prefix);
+
+private:
+    u32 EncodeSwizzle(Tegra::Texture::SwizzleSource x_source,
+                      Tegra::Texture::SwizzleSource y_source,
+                      Tegra::Texture::SwizzleSource z_source,
+                      Tegra::Texture::SwizzleSource w_source) const {
+        return (static_cast<u32>(x_source) << 24) | (static_cast<u32>(y_source) << 16) |
+               (static_cast<u32>(z_source) << 8) | static_cast<u32>(w_source);
+    }
+
+    OGLTextureView CreateTextureView() const;
+
+    CachedSurface& surface;
+    GLenum target{};
+
+    OGLTextureView texture_view;
+    u32 swizzle;
+    bool is_proxy;
+};
+
+class TextureCacheOpenGL final : public TextureCacheBase {
+public:
+    explicit TextureCacheOpenGL(Core::System& system, VideoCore::RasterizerInterface& rasterizer,
+                                const Device& device);
+    ~TextureCacheOpenGL();
+
+protected:
+    Surface CreateSurface(GPUVAddr gpu_addr, const SurfaceParams& params) override;
+
+    void ImageCopy(Surface& src_surface, Surface& dst_surface,
+                   const VideoCommon::CopyParams& copy_params) override;
+
+    void ImageBlit(View& src_view, View& dst_view,
+                   const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Config& copy_config) override;
+
+    void BufferCopy(Surface& src_surface, Surface& dst_surface) override;
+
+private:
+    GLuint FetchPBO(std::size_t buffer_size);
+
+    OGLFramebuffer src_framebuffer;
+    OGLFramebuffer dst_framebuffer;
+    std::unordered_map<u32, OGLBuffer> copy_pbo_cache;
+};
+
+} // namespace OpenGL

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/renderer_opengl.cpp

@@ -471,7 +471,6 @@ static void APIENTRY DebugHandler(GLenum source, GLenum type, GLuint id, GLenum
     }
 }
 
-/// Initialize the renderer
 bool RendererOpenGL::Init() {
     Core::Frontend::ScopeAcquireWindowContext acquire_context{render_window};
 

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/utils.cpp

@@ -5,8 +5,10 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <fmt/format.h>
 #include <glad/glad.h>
+
 #include "common/assert.h"
 #include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "common/scope_exit.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_opengl/utils.h"
 
 namespace OpenGL {
@@ -63,4 +65,4 @@ void LabelGLObject(GLenum identifier, GLuint handle, VAddr addr, std::string_vie
     glObjectLabel(identifier, handle, -1, static_cast<const GLchar*>(object_label.c_str()));
 }
 
-} // namespace OpenGL
+} // namespace OpenGL

src/video_core/renderer_opengl/utils.h

@@ -32,4 +32,4 @@ private:
 
 void LabelGLObject(GLenum identifier, GLuint handle, VAddr addr, std::string_view extra_info = {});
 
-} // namespace OpenGL
+} // namespace OpenGL

src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_shader_decompiler.cpp

@@ -935,6 +935,11 @@ private:
         return {};
     }
 
+    Id ImageStore(Operation operation) {
+        UNIMPLEMENTED();
+        return {};
+    }
+
     Id Branch(Operation operation) {
         const auto target = std::get_if<ImmediateNode>(&*operation[0]);
         UNIMPLEMENTED_IF(!target);
@@ -1326,6 +1331,8 @@ private:
         &SPIRVDecompiler::TextureQueryLod,
         &SPIRVDecompiler::TexelFetch,
 
+        &SPIRVDecompiler::ImageStore,
+
         &SPIRVDecompiler::Branch,
         &SPIRVDecompiler::PushFlowStack,
         &SPIRVDecompiler::PopFlowStack,

src/video_core/shader/decode.cpp

@@ -169,6 +169,7 @@ u32 ShaderIR::DecodeInstr(NodeBlock& bb, u32 pc) {
         {OpCode::Type::Conversion, &ShaderIR::DecodeConversion},
         {OpCode::Type::Memory, &ShaderIR::DecodeMemory},
         {OpCode::Type::Texture, &ShaderIR::DecodeTexture},
+        {OpCode::Type::Image, &ShaderIR::DecodeImage},
         {OpCode::Type::FloatSetPredicate, &ShaderIR::DecodeFloatSetPredicate},
         {OpCode::Type::IntegerSetPredicate, &ShaderIR::DecodeIntegerSetPredicate},
         {OpCode::Type::HalfSetPredicate, &ShaderIR::DecodeHalfSetPredicate},

src/video_core/shader/decode/image.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+// Copyright 2019 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <vector>
+#include <fmt/format.h>
+
+#include "common/assert.h"
+#include "common/bit_field.h"
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "common/logging/log.h"
+#include "video_core/engines/shader_bytecode.h"
+#include "video_core/shader/node_helper.h"
+#include "video_core/shader/shader_ir.h"
+
+namespace VideoCommon::Shader {
+
+using Tegra::Shader::Instruction;
+using Tegra::Shader::OpCode;
+
+namespace {
+std::size_t GetImageTypeNumCoordinates(Tegra::Shader::ImageType image_type) {
+    switch (image_type) {
+    case Tegra::Shader::ImageType::Texture1D:
+    case Tegra::Shader::ImageType::TextureBuffer:
+        return 1;
+    case Tegra::Shader::ImageType::Texture1DArray:
+    case Tegra::Shader::ImageType::Texture2D:
+        return 2;
+    case Tegra::Shader::ImageType::Texture2DArray:
+    case Tegra::Shader::ImageType::Texture3D:
+        return 3;
+    }
+    UNREACHABLE();
+    return 1;
+}
+} // Anonymous namespace
+
+u32 ShaderIR::DecodeImage(NodeBlock& bb, u32 pc) {
+    const Instruction instr = {program_code[pc]};
+    const auto opcode = OpCode::Decode(instr);
+
+    switch (opcode->get().GetId()) {
+    case OpCode::Id::SUST: {
+        UNIMPLEMENTED_IF(instr.sust.mode != Tegra::Shader::SurfaceDataMode::P);
+        UNIMPLEMENTED_IF(instr.sust.image_type == Tegra::Shader::ImageType::TextureBuffer);
+        UNIMPLEMENTED_IF(instr.sust.out_of_bounds_store != Tegra::Shader::OutOfBoundsStore::Ignore);
+        UNIMPLEMENTED_IF(instr.sust.component_mask_selector != 0xf); // Ensure we have an RGBA store
+
+        std::vector<Node> values;
+        constexpr std::size_t hardcoded_size{4};
+        for (std::size_t i = 0; i < hardcoded_size; ++i) {
+            values.push_back(GetRegister(instr.gpr0.Value() + i));
+        }
+
+        std::vector<Node> coords;
+        const std::size_t num_coords{GetImageTypeNumCoordinates(instr.sust.image_type)};
+        for (std::size_t i = 0; i < num_coords; ++i) {
+            coords.push_back(GetRegister(instr.gpr8.Value() + i));
+        }
+
+        const auto type{instr.sust.image_type};
+        const auto& image{instr.sust.is_immediate ? GetImage(instr.image, type)
+                                                  : GetBindlessImage(instr.gpr39, type)};
+        MetaImage meta{image, values};
+        const Node store{Operation(OperationCode::ImageStore, meta, std::move(coords))};
+        bb.push_back(store);
+        break;
+    }
+    default:
+        UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG("Unhandled conversion instruction: {}", opcode->get().GetName());
+    }
+
+    return pc;
+}
+
+const Image& ShaderIR::GetImage(Tegra::Shader::Image image, Tegra::Shader::ImageType type) {
+    const auto offset{static_cast<std::size_t>(image.index.Value())};
+
+    // If this image has already been used, return the existing mapping.
+    const auto itr{std::find_if(used_images.begin(), used_images.end(),
+                                [=](const Image& entry) { return entry.GetOffset() == offset; })};
+    if (itr != used_images.end()) {
+        ASSERT(itr->GetType() == type);
+        return *itr;
+    }
+
+    // Otherwise create a new mapping for this image.
+    const std::size_t next_index{used_images.size()};
+    const Image entry{offset, next_index, type};
+    return *used_images.emplace(entry).first;
+}
+
+const Image& ShaderIR::GetBindlessImage(Tegra::Shader::Register reg,
+                                        Tegra::Shader::ImageType type) {
+    const Node image_register{GetRegister(reg)};
+    const Node base_image{
+        TrackCbuf(image_register, global_code, static_cast<s64>(global_code.size()))};
+    const auto cbuf{std::get_if<CbufNode>(&*base_image)};
+    const auto cbuf_offset_imm{std::get_if<ImmediateNode>(&*cbuf->GetOffset())};
+    const auto cbuf_offset{cbuf_offset_imm->GetValue()};
+    const auto cbuf_index{cbuf->GetIndex()};
+    const auto cbuf_key{(static_cast<u64>(cbuf_index) << 32) | static_cast<u64>(cbuf_offset)};
+
+    // If this image has already been used, return the existing mapping.
+    const auto itr{std::find_if(used_images.begin(), used_images.end(),
+                                [=](const Image& entry) { return entry.GetOffset() == cbuf_key; })};
+    if (itr != used_images.end()) {
+        ASSERT(itr->GetType() == type);
+        return *itr;
+    }
+
+    // Otherwise create a new mapping for this image.
+    const std::size_t next_index{used_images.size()};
+    const Image entry{cbuf_index, cbuf_offset, next_index, type};
+    return *used_images.emplace(entry).first;
+}
+
+} // namespace VideoCommon::Shader

src/video_core/shader/decode/texture.cpp

@@ -245,6 +245,18 @@ u32 ShaderIR::DecodeTexture(NodeBlock& bb, u32 pc) {
         }
         break;
     }
+    case OpCode::Id::TLD: {
+        UNIMPLEMENTED_IF_MSG(instr.tld.aoffi, "AOFFI is not implemented");
+        UNIMPLEMENTED_IF_MSG(instr.tld.ms, "MS is not implemented");
+        UNIMPLEMENTED_IF_MSG(instr.tld.cl, "CL is not implemented");
+
+        if (instr.tld.nodep_flag) {
+            LOG_WARNING(HW_GPU, "TLD.NODEP implementation is incomplete");
+        }
+
+        WriteTexInstructionFloat(bb, instr, GetTldCode(instr));
+        break;
+    }
     case OpCode::Id::TLDS: {
         const Tegra::Shader::TextureType texture_type{instr.tlds.GetTextureType()};
         const bool is_array{instr.tlds.IsArrayTexture()};
@@ -575,6 +587,39 @@ Node4 ShaderIR::GetTld4Code(Instruction instr, TextureType texture_type, bool de
     return values;
 }
 
+Node4 ShaderIR::GetTldCode(Tegra::Shader::Instruction instr) {
+    const auto texture_type{instr.tld.texture_type};
+    const bool is_array{instr.tld.is_array};
+    const bool lod_enabled{instr.tld.GetTextureProcessMode() == TextureProcessMode::LL};
+    const std::size_t coord_count{GetCoordCount(texture_type)};
+
+    u64 gpr8_cursor{instr.gpr8.Value()};
+    const Node array_register{is_array ? GetRegister(gpr8_cursor++) : nullptr};
+
+    std::vector<Node> coords;
+    coords.reserve(coord_count);
+    for (std::size_t i = 0; i < coord_count; ++i) {
+        coords.push_back(GetRegister(gpr8_cursor++));
+    }
+
+    u64 gpr20_cursor{instr.gpr20.Value()};
+    // const Node bindless_register{is_bindless ? GetRegister(gpr20_cursor++) : nullptr};
+    const Node lod{lod_enabled ? GetRegister(gpr20_cursor++) : Immediate(0u)};
+    // const Node aoffi_register{is_aoffi ? GetRegister(gpr20_cursor++) : nullptr};
+    // const Node multisample{is_multisample ? GetRegister(gpr20_cursor++) : nullptr};
+
+    const auto& sampler = GetSampler(instr.sampler, texture_type, is_array, false);
+
+    Node4 values;
+    for (u32 element = 0; element < values.size(); ++element) {
+        auto coords_copy = coords;
+        MetaTexture meta{sampler, array_register, {}, {}, {}, lod, {}, element};
+        values[element] = Operation(OperationCode::TexelFetch, meta, std::move(coords_copy));
+    }
+
+    return values;
+}
+
 Node4 ShaderIR::GetTldsCode(Instruction instr, TextureType texture_type, bool is_array) {
     const std::size_t type_coord_count = GetCoordCount(texture_type);
     const bool lod_enabled = instr.tlds.GetTextureProcessMode() == TextureProcessMode::LL;

src/video_core/shader/node.h

@@ -146,6 +146,8 @@ enum class OperationCode {
     TextureQueryLod,        /// (MetaTexture, float[N] coords) -> float4
     TexelFetch,             /// (MetaTexture, int[N], int) -> float4
 
+    ImageStore, /// (MetaImage, float[N] coords) -> void
+
     Branch,        /// (uint branch_target) -> void
     PushFlowStack, /// (uint branch_target) -> void
     PopFlowStack,  /// () -> void
@@ -263,6 +265,48 @@ private:
     bool is_bindless{}; ///< Whether this sampler belongs to a bindless texture or not.
 };
 
+class Image {
+public:
+    explicit Image(std::size_t offset, std::size_t index, Tegra::Shader::ImageType type)
+        : offset{offset}, index{index}, type{type}, is_bindless{false} {}
+
+    explicit Image(u32 cbuf_index, u32 cbuf_offset, std::size_t index,
+                   Tegra::Shader::ImageType type)
+        : offset{(static_cast<u64>(cbuf_index) << 32) | cbuf_offset}, index{index}, type{type},
+          is_bindless{true} {}
+
+    explicit Image(std::size_t offset, std::size_t index, Tegra::Shader::ImageType type,
+                   bool is_bindless)
+        : offset{offset}, index{index}, type{type}, is_bindless{is_bindless} {}
+
+    std::size_t GetOffset() const {
+        return offset;
+    }
+
+    std::size_t GetIndex() const {
+        return index;
+    }
+
+    Tegra::Shader::ImageType GetType() const {
+        return type;
+    }
+
+    bool IsBindless() const {
+        return is_bindless;
+    }
+
+    bool operator<(const Image& rhs) const {
+        return std::tie(offset, index, type, is_bindless) <
+               std::tie(rhs.offset, rhs.index, rhs.type, rhs.is_bindless);
+    }
+
+private:
+    std::size_t offset{};
+    std::size_t index{};
+    Tegra::Shader::ImageType type{};
+    bool is_bindless{};
+};
+
 struct GlobalMemoryBase {
     u32 cbuf_index{};
     u32 cbuf_offset{};
@@ -289,8 +333,14 @@ struct MetaTexture {
     u32 element{};
 };
 
+struct MetaImage {
+    const Image& image;
+    std::vector<Node> values;
+};
+
 /// Parameters that modify an operation but are not part of any particular operand
-using Meta = std::variant<MetaArithmetic, MetaTexture, MetaStackClass, Tegra::Shader::HalfType>;
+using Meta =
+    std::variant<MetaArithmetic, MetaTexture, MetaImage, MetaStackClass, Tegra::Shader::HalfType>;
 
 /// Holds any kind of operation that can be done in the IR
 class OperationNode final {

src/video_core/shader/shader_ir.h

@@ -104,6 +104,10 @@ public:
         return used_samplers;
     }
 
+    const std::set<Image>& GetImages() const {
+        return used_images;
+    }
+
     const std::array<bool, Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::NumClipDistances>& GetClipDistances()
         const {
         return used_clip_distances;
@@ -154,6 +158,7 @@ private:
     u32 DecodeConversion(NodeBlock& bb, u32 pc);
     u32 DecodeMemory(NodeBlock& bb, u32 pc);
     u32 DecodeTexture(NodeBlock& bb, u32 pc);
+    u32 DecodeImage(NodeBlock& bb, u32 pc);
     u32 DecodeFloatSetPredicate(NodeBlock& bb, u32 pc);
     u32 DecodeIntegerSetPredicate(NodeBlock& bb, u32 pc);
     u32 DecodeHalfSetPredicate(NodeBlock& bb, u32 pc);
@@ -254,6 +259,12 @@ private:
                                       Tegra::Shader::TextureType type, bool is_array,
                                       bool is_shadow);
 
+    /// Accesses an image.
+    const Image& GetImage(Tegra::Shader::Image image, Tegra::Shader::ImageType type);
+
+    /// Access a bindless image sampler.
+    const Image& GetBindlessImage(Tegra::Shader::Register reg, Tegra::Shader::ImageType type);
+
     /// Extracts a sequence of bits from a node
     Node BitfieldExtract(Node value, u32 offset, u32 bits);
 
@@ -277,6 +288,8 @@ private:
     Node4 GetTld4Code(Tegra::Shader::Instruction instr, Tegra::Shader::TextureType texture_type,
                       bool depth_compare, bool is_array, bool is_aoffi);
 
+    Node4 GetTldCode(Tegra::Shader::Instruction instr);
+
     Node4 GetTldsCode(Tegra::Shader::Instruction instr, Tegra::Shader::TextureType texture_type,
                       bool is_array);
 
@@ -327,6 +340,7 @@ private:
     std::set<Tegra::Shader::Attribute::Index> used_output_attributes;
     std::map<u32, ConstBuffer> used_cbufs;
     std::set<Sampler> used_samplers;
+    std::set<Image> used_images;
     std::array<bool, Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::NumClipDistances> used_clip_distances{};
     std::map<GlobalMemoryBase, GlobalMemoryUsage> used_global_memory;
     bool uses_physical_attributes{}; // Shader uses AL2P or physical attribute read/writes

src/video_core/surface.cpp

@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ SurfaceTarget SurfaceTargetFromTextureType(Tegra::Texture::TextureType texture_t
     switch (texture_type) {
     case Tegra::Texture::TextureType::Texture1D:
         return SurfaceTarget::Texture1D;
+    case Tegra::Texture::TextureType::Texture1DBuffer:
+        return SurfaceTarget::TextureBuffer;
     case Tegra::Texture::TextureType::Texture2D:
     case Tegra::Texture::TextureType::Texture2DNoMipmap:
         return SurfaceTarget::Texture2D;
@@ -35,6 +37,7 @@ SurfaceTarget SurfaceTargetFromTextureType(Tegra::Texture::TextureType texture_t
 bool SurfaceTargetIsLayered(SurfaceTarget target) {
     switch (target) {
     case SurfaceTarget::Texture1D:
+    case SurfaceTarget::TextureBuffer:
     case SurfaceTarget::Texture2D:
     case SurfaceTarget::Texture3D:
         return false;
@@ -53,6 +56,7 @@ bool SurfaceTargetIsLayered(SurfaceTarget target) {
 bool SurfaceTargetIsArray(SurfaceTarget target) {
     switch (target) {
     case SurfaceTarget::Texture1D:
+    case SurfaceTarget::TextureBuffer:
     case SurfaceTarget::Texture2D:
     case SurfaceTarget::Texture3D:
     case SurfaceTarget::TextureCubemap:
@@ -304,8 +308,8 @@ PixelFormat PixelFormatFromTextureFormat(Tegra::Texture::TextureFormat format,
         return PixelFormat::Z32F;
     case Tegra::Texture::TextureFormat::Z16:
         return PixelFormat::Z16;
-    case Tegra::Texture::TextureFormat::Z24S8:
-        return PixelFormat::Z24S8;
+    case Tegra::Texture::TextureFormat::S8Z24:
+        return PixelFormat::S8Z24;
     case Tegra::Texture::TextureFormat::ZF32_X24S8:
         return PixelFormat::Z32FS8;
     case Tegra::Texture::TextureFormat::DXT1:

src/video_core/surface.h

@@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ enum class SurfaceType {
 
 enum class SurfaceTarget {
     Texture1D,
+    TextureBuffer,
     Texture2D,
     Texture3D,
     Texture1DArray,
@@ -122,71 +123,71 @@ enum class SurfaceTarget {
     TextureCubeArray,
 };
 
-constexpr std::array<u32, MaxPixelFormat> compression_factor_table = {{
-    1, // ABGR8U
-    1, // ABGR8S
-    1, // ABGR8UI
-    1, // B5G6R5U
-    1, // A2B10G10R10U
-    1, // A1B5G5R5U
-    1, // R8U
-    1, // R8UI
-    1, // RGBA16F
-    1, // RGBA16U
-    1, // RGBA16UI
-    1, // R11FG11FB10F
-    1, // RGBA32UI
-    4, // DXT1
-    4, // DXT23
-    4, // DXT45
-    4, // DXN1
-    4, // DXN2UNORM
-    4, // DXN2SNORM
-    4, // BC7U
-    4, // BC6H_UF16
-    4, // BC6H_SF16
-    4, // ASTC_2D_4X4
-    1, // BGRA8
-    1, // RGBA32F
-    1, // RG32F
-    1, // R32F
-    1, // R16F
-    1, // R16U
-    1, // R16S
-    1, // R16UI
-    1, // R16I
-    1, // RG16
-    1, // RG16F
-    1, // RG16UI
-    1, // RG16I
-    1, // RG16S
-    1, // RGB32F
-    1, // RGBA8_SRGB
-    1, // RG8U
-    1, // RG8S
-    1, // RG32UI
-    1, // R32UI
-    4, // ASTC_2D_8X8
-    4, // ASTC_2D_8X5
-    4, // ASTC_2D_5X4
-    1, // BGRA8_SRGB
-    4, // DXT1_SRGB
-    4, // DXT23_SRGB
-    4, // DXT45_SRGB
-    4, // BC7U_SRGB
-    4, // ASTC_2D_4X4_SRGB
-    4, // ASTC_2D_8X8_SRGB
-    4, // ASTC_2D_8X5_SRGB
-    4, // ASTC_2D_5X4_SRGB
-    4, // ASTC_2D_5X5
-    4, // ASTC_2D_5X5_SRGB
-    4, // ASTC_2D_10X8
-    4, // ASTC_2D_10X8_SRGB
-    1, // Z32F
-    1, // Z16
-    1, // Z24S8
-    1, // S8Z24
-    1, // Z32FS8
+constexpr std::array<u32, MaxPixelFormat> compression_factor_shift_table = {{
+    0, // ABGR8U
+    0, // ABGR8S
+    0, // ABGR8UI
+    0, // B5G6R5U
+    0, // A2B10G10R10U
+    0, // A1B5G5R5U
+    0, // R8U
+    0, // R8UI
+    0, // RGBA16F
+    0, // RGBA16U
+    0, // RGBA16UI
+    0, // R11FG11FB10F
+    0, // RGBA32UI
+    2, // DXT1
+    2, // DXT23
+    2, // DXT45
+    2, // DXN1
+    2, // DXN2UNORM
+    2, // DXN2SNORM
+    2, // BC7U
+    2, // BC6H_UF16
+    2, // BC6H_SF16
+    2, // ASTC_2D_4X4
+    0, // BGRA8
+    0, // RGBA32F
+    0, // RG32F
+    0, // R32F
+    0, // R16F
+    0, // R16U
+    0, // R16S
+    0, // R16UI
+    0, // R16I
+    0, // RG16
+    0, // RG16F
+    0, // RG16UI
+    0, // RG16I
+    0, // RG16S
+    0, // RGB32F
+    0, // RGBA8_SRGB
+    0, // RG8U
+    0, // RG8S
+    0, // RG32UI
+    0, // R32UI
+    2, // ASTC_2D_8X8
+    2, // ASTC_2D_8X5
+    2, // ASTC_2D_5X4
+    0, // BGRA8_SRGB
+    2, // DXT1_SRGB
+    2, // DXT23_SRGB
+    2, // DXT45_SRGB
+    2, // BC7U_SRGB
+    2, // ASTC_2D_4X4_SRGB
+    2, // ASTC_2D_8X8_SRGB
+    2, // ASTC_2D_8X5_SRGB
+    2, // ASTC_2D_5X4_SRGB
+    2, // ASTC_2D_5X5
+    2, // ASTC_2D_5X5_SRGB
+    2, // ASTC_2D_10X8
+    2, // ASTC_2D_10X8_SRGB
+    0, // Z32F
+    0, // Z16
+    0, // Z24S8
+    0, // S8Z24
+    0, // Z32FS8
 }};
 
 /**
@@ -195,12 +196,14 @@ constexpr std::array<u32, MaxPixelFormat> compression_factor_table = {{
  * compressed image. This is used for maintaining proper surface sizes for compressed
  * texture formats.
  */
-static constexpr u32 GetCompressionFactor(PixelFormat format) {
-    if (format == PixelFormat::Invalid)
-        return 0;
+inline constexpr u32 GetCompressionFactorShift(PixelFormat format) {
+    DEBUG_ASSERT(format != PixelFormat::Invalid);
+    DEBUG_ASSERT(static_cast<std::size_t>(format) < compression_factor_shift_table.size());
+    return compression_factor_shift_table[static_cast<std::size_t>(format)];
+}
 
-    ASSERT(static_cast<std::size_t>(format) < compression_factor_table.size());
-    return compression_factor_table[static_cast<std::size_t>(format)];
+inline constexpr u32 GetCompressionFactor(PixelFormat format) {
+    return 1U << GetCompressionFactorShift(format);
 }
 
 constexpr std::array<u32, MaxPixelFormat> block_width_table = {{
@@ -436,6 +439,88 @@ static constexpr u32 GetBytesPerPixel(PixelFormat pixel_format) {
     return GetFormatBpp(pixel_format) / CHAR_BIT;
 }
 
+enum class SurfaceCompression {
+    None,       // Not compressed
+    Compressed, // Texture is compressed
+    Converted,  // Texture is converted before upload or after download
+    Rearranged, // Texture is swizzled before upload or after download
+};
+
+constexpr std::array<SurfaceCompression, MaxPixelFormat> compression_type_table = {{
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // ABGR8U
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // ABGR8S
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // ABGR8UI
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // B5G6R5U
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // A2B10G10R10U
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // A1B5G5R5U
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // R8U
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // R8UI
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // RGBA16F
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // RGBA16U
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // RGBA16UI
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // R11FG11FB10F
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // RGBA32UI
+    SurfaceCompression::Compressed, // DXT1
+    SurfaceCompression::Compressed, // DXT23
+    SurfaceCompression::Compressed, // DXT45
+    SurfaceCompression::Compressed, // DXN1
+    SurfaceCompression::Compressed, // DXN2UNORM
+    SurfaceCompression::Compressed, // DXN2SNORM
+    SurfaceCompression::Compressed, // BC7U
+    SurfaceCompression::Compressed, // BC6H_UF16
+    SurfaceCompression::Compressed, // BC6H_SF16
+    SurfaceCompression::Converted,  // ASTC_2D_4X4
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // BGRA8
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // RGBA32F
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // RG32F
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // R32F
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // R16F
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // R16U
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // R16S
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // R16UI
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // R16I
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // RG16
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // RG16F
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // RG16UI
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // RG16I
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // RG16S
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // RGB32F
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // RGBA8_SRGB
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // RG8U
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // RG8S
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // RG32UI
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // R32UI
+    SurfaceCompression::Converted,  // ASTC_2D_8X8
+    SurfaceCompression::Converted,  // ASTC_2D_8X5
+    SurfaceCompression::Converted,  // ASTC_2D_5X4
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // BGRA8_SRGB
+    SurfaceCompression::Compressed, // DXT1_SRGB
+    SurfaceCompression::Compressed, // DXT23_SRGB
+    SurfaceCompression::Compressed, // DXT45_SRGB
+    SurfaceCompression::Compressed, // BC7U_SRGB
+    SurfaceCompression::Converted,  // ASTC_2D_4X4_SRGB
+    SurfaceCompression::Converted,  // ASTC_2D_8X8_SRGB
+    SurfaceCompression::Converted,  // ASTC_2D_8X5_SRGB
+    SurfaceCompression::Converted,  // ASTC_2D_5X4_SRGB
+    SurfaceCompression::Converted,  // ASTC_2D_5X5
+    SurfaceCompression::Converted,  // ASTC_2D_5X5_SRGB
+    SurfaceCompression::Converted,  // ASTC_2D_10X8
+    SurfaceCompression::Converted,  // ASTC_2D_10X8_SRGB
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // Z32F
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // Z16
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // Z24S8
+    SurfaceCompression::Rearranged, // S8Z24
+    SurfaceCompression::None,       // Z32FS8
+}};
+
+constexpr SurfaceCompression GetFormatCompressionType(PixelFormat format) {
+    if (format == PixelFormat::Invalid) {
+        return SurfaceCompression::None;
+    }
+    DEBUG_ASSERT(static_cast<std::size_t>(format) < compression_type_table.size());
+    return compression_type_table[static_cast<std::size_t>(format)];
+}
+
 SurfaceTarget SurfaceTargetFromTextureType(Tegra::Texture::TextureType texture_type);
 
 bool SurfaceTargetIsLayered(SurfaceTarget target);

src/video_core/texture_cache.cpp

@@ -1,386 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2019 yuzu Emulator Project
-// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
-// Refer to the license.txt file included.
-
-#include "common/alignment.h"
-#include "common/assert.h"
-#include "common/cityhash.h"
-#include "common/common_types.h"
-#include "core/core.h"
-#include "video_core/surface.h"
-#include "video_core/texture_cache.h"
-#include "video_core/textures/decoders.h"
-#include "video_core/textures/texture.h"
-
-namespace VideoCommon {
-
-using VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceTarget;
-
-using VideoCore::Surface::ComponentTypeFromDepthFormat;
-using VideoCore::Surface::ComponentTypeFromRenderTarget;
-using VideoCore::Surface::ComponentTypeFromTexture;
-using VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormatFromDepthFormat;
-using VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormatFromRenderTargetFormat;
-using VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormatFromTextureFormat;
-using VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceTargetFromTextureType;
-
-constexpr u32 GetMipmapSize(bool uncompressed, u32 mip_size, u32 tile) {
-    return uncompressed ? mip_size : std::max(1U, (mip_size + tile - 1) / tile);
-}
-
-SurfaceParams SurfaceParams::CreateForTexture(Core::System& system,
-                                              const Tegra::Texture::FullTextureInfo& config) {
-    SurfaceParams params;
-    params.is_tiled = config.tic.IsTiled();
-    params.block_width = params.is_tiled ? config.tic.BlockWidth() : 0,
-    params.block_height = params.is_tiled ? config.tic.BlockHeight() : 0,
-    params.block_depth = params.is_tiled ? config.tic.BlockDepth() : 0,
-    params.tile_width_spacing = params.is_tiled ? (1 << config.tic.tile_width_spacing.Value()) : 1;
-    params.pixel_format =
-        PixelFormatFromTextureFormat(config.tic.format, config.tic.r_type.Value(), false);
-    params.component_type = ComponentTypeFromTexture(config.tic.r_type.Value());
-    params.type = GetFormatType(params.pixel_format);
-    params.target = SurfaceTargetFromTextureType(config.tic.texture_type);
-    params.width = Common::AlignUp(config.tic.Width(), GetCompressionFactor(params.pixel_format));
-    params.height = Common::AlignUp(config.tic.Height(), GetCompressionFactor(params.pixel_format));
-    params.depth = config.tic.Depth();
-    if (params.target == SurfaceTarget::TextureCubemap ||
-        params.target == SurfaceTarget::TextureCubeArray) {
-        params.depth *= 6;
-    }
-    params.pitch = params.is_tiled ? 0 : config.tic.Pitch();
-    params.unaligned_height = config.tic.Height();
-    params.num_levels = config.tic.max_mip_level + 1;
-
-    params.CalculateCachedValues();
-    return params;
-}
-
-SurfaceParams SurfaceParams::CreateForDepthBuffer(
-    Core::System& system, u32 zeta_width, u32 zeta_height, Tegra::DepthFormat format,
-    u32 block_width, u32 block_height, u32 block_depth,
-    Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::InvMemoryLayout type) {
-    SurfaceParams params;
-    params.is_tiled = type == Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::InvMemoryLayout::BlockLinear;
-    params.block_width = 1 << std::min(block_width, 5U);
-    params.block_height = 1 << std::min(block_height, 5U);
-    params.block_depth = 1 << std::min(block_depth, 5U);
-    params.tile_width_spacing = 1;
-    params.pixel_format = PixelFormatFromDepthFormat(format);
-    params.component_type = ComponentTypeFromDepthFormat(format);
-    params.type = GetFormatType(params.pixel_format);
-    params.width = zeta_width;
-    params.height = zeta_height;
-    params.unaligned_height = zeta_height;
-    params.target = SurfaceTarget::Texture2D;
-    params.depth = 1;
-    params.num_levels = 1;
-
-    params.CalculateCachedValues();
-    return params;
-}
-
-SurfaceParams SurfaceParams::CreateForFramebuffer(Core::System& system, std::size_t index) {
-    const auto& config{system.GPU().Maxwell3D().regs.rt[index]};
-    SurfaceParams params;
-    params.is_tiled =
-        config.memory_layout.type == Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::InvMemoryLayout::BlockLinear;
-    params.block_width = 1 << config.memory_layout.block_width;
-    params.block_height = 1 << config.memory_layout.block_height;
-    params.block_depth = 1 << config.memory_layout.block_depth;
-    params.tile_width_spacing = 1;
-    params.pixel_format = PixelFormatFromRenderTargetFormat(config.format);
-    params.component_type = ComponentTypeFromRenderTarget(config.format);
-    params.type = GetFormatType(params.pixel_format);
-    if (params.is_tiled) {
-        params.width = config.width;
-    } else {
-        const u32 bpp = GetFormatBpp(params.pixel_format) / CHAR_BIT;
-        params.pitch = config.width;
-        params.width = params.pitch / bpp;
-    }
-    params.height = config.height;
-    params.depth = 1;
-    params.unaligned_height = config.height;
-    params.target = SurfaceTarget::Texture2D;
-    params.num_levels = 1;
-
-    params.CalculateCachedValues();
-    return params;
-}
-
-SurfaceParams SurfaceParams::CreateForFermiCopySurface(
-    const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Regs::Surface& config) {
-    SurfaceParams params{};
-    params.is_tiled = !config.linear;
-    params.block_width = params.is_tiled ? std::min(config.BlockWidth(), 32U) : 0,
-    params.block_height = params.is_tiled ? std::min(config.BlockHeight(), 32U) : 0,
-    params.block_depth = params.is_tiled ? std::min(config.BlockDepth(), 32U) : 0,
-    params.tile_width_spacing = 1;
-    params.pixel_format = PixelFormatFromRenderTargetFormat(config.format);
-    params.component_type = ComponentTypeFromRenderTarget(config.format);
-    params.type = GetFormatType(params.pixel_format);
-    params.width = config.width;
-    params.height = config.height;
-    params.unaligned_height = config.height;
-    // TODO(Rodrigo): Try to guess the surface target from depth and layer parameters
-    params.target = SurfaceTarget::Texture2D;
-    params.depth = 1;
-    params.num_levels = 1;
-
-    params.CalculateCachedValues();
-    return params;
-}
-
-u32 SurfaceParams::GetMipWidth(u32 level) const {
-    return std::max(1U, width >> level);
-}
-
-u32 SurfaceParams::GetMipHeight(u32 level) const {
-    return std::max(1U, height >> level);
-}
-
-u32 SurfaceParams::GetMipDepth(u32 level) const {
-    return IsLayered() ? depth : std::max(1U, depth >> level);
-}
-
-bool SurfaceParams::IsLayered() const {
-    switch (target) {
-    case SurfaceTarget::Texture1DArray:
-    case SurfaceTarget::Texture2DArray:
-    case SurfaceTarget::TextureCubeArray:
-    case SurfaceTarget::TextureCubemap:
-        return true;
-    default:
-        return false;
-    }
-}
-
-u32 SurfaceParams::GetMipBlockHeight(u32 level) const {
-    // Auto block resizing algorithm from:
-    // https://cgit.freedesktop.org/mesa/mesa/tree/src/gallium/drivers/nouveau/nv50/nv50_miptree.c
-    if (level == 0) {
-        return block_height;
-    }
-    const u32 height{GetMipHeight(level)};
-    const u32 default_block_height{GetDefaultBlockHeight(pixel_format)};
-    const u32 blocks_in_y{(height + default_block_height - 1) / default_block_height};
-    u32 block_height = 16;
-    while (block_height > 1 && blocks_in_y <= block_height * 4) {
-        block_height >>= 1;
-    }
-    return block_height;
-}
-
-u32 SurfaceParams::GetMipBlockDepth(u32 level) const {
-    if (level == 0)
-        return block_depth;
-    if (target != SurfaceTarget::Texture3D)
-        return 1;
-
-    const u32 depth{GetMipDepth(level)};
-    u32 block_depth = 32;
-    while (block_depth > 1 && depth * 2 <= block_depth) {
-        block_depth >>= 1;
-    }
-    if (block_depth == 32 && GetMipBlockHeight(level) >= 4) {
-        return 16;
-    }
-    return block_depth;
-}
-
-std::size_t SurfaceParams::GetGuestMipmapLevelOffset(u32 level) const {
-    std::size_t offset = 0;
-    for (u32 i = 0; i < level; i++) {
-        offset += GetInnerMipmapMemorySize(i, false, IsLayered(), false);
-    }
-    return offset;
-}
-
-std::size_t SurfaceParams::GetHostMipmapLevelOffset(u32 level) const {
-    std::size_t offset = 0;
-    for (u32 i = 0; i < level; i++) {
-        offset += GetInnerMipmapMemorySize(i, true, false, false);
-    }
-    return offset;
-}
-
-std::size_t SurfaceParams::GetGuestLayerSize() const {
-    return GetInnerMemorySize(false, true, false);
-}
-
-std::size_t SurfaceParams::GetHostLayerSize(u32 level) const {
-    return GetInnerMipmapMemorySize(level, true, IsLayered(), false);
-}
-
-bool SurfaceParams::IsFamiliar(const SurfaceParams& view_params) const {
-    if (std::tie(is_tiled, tile_width_spacing, pixel_format, component_type, type) !=
-        std::tie(view_params.is_tiled, view_params.tile_width_spacing, view_params.pixel_format,
-                 view_params.component_type, view_params.type)) {
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    const SurfaceTarget view_target{view_params.target};
-    if (view_target == target) {
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    switch (target) {
-    case SurfaceTarget::Texture1D:
-    case SurfaceTarget::Texture2D:
-    case SurfaceTarget::Texture3D:
-        return false;
-    case SurfaceTarget::Texture1DArray:
-        return view_target == SurfaceTarget::Texture1D;
-    case SurfaceTarget::Texture2DArray:
-        return view_target == SurfaceTarget::Texture2D;
-    case SurfaceTarget::TextureCubemap:
-        return view_target == SurfaceTarget::Texture2D ||
-               view_target == SurfaceTarget::Texture2DArray;
-    case SurfaceTarget::TextureCubeArray:
-        return view_target == SurfaceTarget::Texture2D ||
-               view_target == SurfaceTarget::Texture2DArray ||
-               view_target == SurfaceTarget::TextureCubemap;
-    default:
-        UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG("Unimplemented texture family={}", static_cast<u32>(target));
-        return false;
-    }
-}
-
-bool SurfaceParams::IsPixelFormatZeta() const {
-    return pixel_format >= VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat::MaxColorFormat &&
-           pixel_format < VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat::MaxDepthStencilFormat;
-}
-
-void SurfaceParams::CalculateCachedValues() {
-    guest_size_in_bytes = GetInnerMemorySize(false, false, false);
-
-    // ASTC is uncompressed in software, in emulated as RGBA8
-    if (IsPixelFormatASTC(pixel_format)) {
-        host_size_in_bytes = width * height * depth * 4;
-    } else {
-        host_size_in_bytes = GetInnerMemorySize(true, false, false);
-    }
-
-    switch (target) {
-    case SurfaceTarget::Texture1D:
-    case SurfaceTarget::Texture2D:
-    case SurfaceTarget::Texture3D:
-        num_layers = 1;
-        break;
-    case SurfaceTarget::Texture1DArray:
-    case SurfaceTarget::Texture2DArray:
-    case SurfaceTarget::TextureCubemap:
-    case SurfaceTarget::TextureCubeArray:
-        num_layers = depth;
-        break;
-    default:
-        UNREACHABLE();
-    }
-}
-
-std::size_t SurfaceParams::GetInnerMipmapMemorySize(u32 level, bool as_host_size, bool layer_only,
-                                                    bool uncompressed) const {
-    const bool tiled{as_host_size ? false : is_tiled};
-    const u32 tile_x{GetDefaultBlockWidth(pixel_format)};
-    const u32 tile_y{GetDefaultBlockHeight(pixel_format)};
-    const u32 width{GetMipmapSize(uncompressed, GetMipWidth(level), tile_x)};
-    const u32 height{GetMipmapSize(uncompressed, GetMipHeight(level), tile_y)};
-    const u32 depth{layer_only ? 1U : GetMipDepth(level)};
-    return Tegra::Texture::CalculateSize(tiled, GetBytesPerPixel(pixel_format), width, height,
-                                         depth, GetMipBlockHeight(level), GetMipBlockDepth(level));
-}
-
-std::size_t SurfaceParams::GetInnerMemorySize(bool as_host_size, bool layer_only,
-                                              bool uncompressed) const {
-    std::size_t size = 0;
-    for (u32 level = 0; level < num_levels; ++level) {
-        size += GetInnerMipmapMemorySize(level, as_host_size, layer_only, uncompressed);
-    }
-    if (!as_host_size && is_tiled) {
-        size = Common::AlignUp(size, Tegra::Texture::GetGOBSize() * block_height * block_depth);
-    }
-    return size;
-}
-
-std::map<u64, std::pair<u32, u32>> SurfaceParams::CreateViewOffsetMap() const {
-    std::map<u64, std::pair<u32, u32>> view_offset_map;
-    switch (target) {
-    case SurfaceTarget::Texture1D:
-    case SurfaceTarget::Texture2D:
-    case SurfaceTarget::Texture3D: {
-        constexpr u32 layer = 0;
-        for (u32 level = 0; level < num_levels; ++level) {
-            const std::size_t offset{GetGuestMipmapLevelOffset(level)};
-            view_offset_map.insert({offset, {layer, level}});
-        }
-        break;
-    }
-    case SurfaceTarget::Texture1DArray:
-    case SurfaceTarget::Texture2DArray:
-    case SurfaceTarget::TextureCubemap:
-    case SurfaceTarget::TextureCubeArray: {
-        const std::size_t layer_size{GetGuestLayerSize()};
-        for (u32 level = 0; level < num_levels; ++level) {
-            const std::size_t level_offset{GetGuestMipmapLevelOffset(level)};
-            for (u32 layer = 0; layer < num_layers; ++layer) {
-                const auto layer_offset{static_cast<std::size_t>(layer_size * layer)};
-                const std::size_t offset{level_offset + layer_offset};
-                view_offset_map.insert({offset, {layer, level}});
-            }
-        }
-        break;
-    }
-    default:
-        UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG("Unimplemented surface target {}", static_cast<u32>(target));
-    }
-    return view_offset_map;
-}
-
-bool SurfaceParams::IsViewValid(const SurfaceParams& view_params, u32 layer, u32 level) const {
-    return IsDimensionValid(view_params, level) && IsDepthValid(view_params, level) &&
-           IsInBounds(view_params, layer, level);
-}
-
-bool SurfaceParams::IsDimensionValid(const SurfaceParams& view_params, u32 level) const {
-    return view_params.width == GetMipWidth(level) && view_params.height == GetMipHeight(level);
-}
-
-bool SurfaceParams::IsDepthValid(const SurfaceParams& view_params, u32 level) const {
-    if (view_params.target != SurfaceTarget::Texture3D) {
-        return true;
-    }
-    return view_params.depth == GetMipDepth(level);
-}
-
-bool SurfaceParams::IsInBounds(const SurfaceParams& view_params, u32 layer, u32 level) const {
-    return layer + view_params.num_layers <= num_layers &&
-           level + view_params.num_levels <= num_levels;
-}
-
-std::size_t HasheableSurfaceParams::Hash() const {
-    return static_cast<std::size_t>(
-        Common::CityHash64(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(this), sizeof(*this)));
-}
-
-bool HasheableSurfaceParams::operator==(const HasheableSurfaceParams& rhs) const {
-    return std::tie(is_tiled, block_width, block_height, block_depth, tile_width_spacing, width,
-                    height, depth, pitch, unaligned_height, num_levels, pixel_format,
-                    component_type, type, target) ==
-           std::tie(rhs.is_tiled, rhs.block_width, rhs.block_height, rhs.block_depth,
-                    rhs.tile_width_spacing, rhs.width, rhs.height, rhs.depth, rhs.pitch,
-                    rhs.unaligned_height, rhs.num_levels, rhs.pixel_format, rhs.component_type,
-                    rhs.type, rhs.target);
-}
-
-std::size_t ViewKey::Hash() const {
-    return static_cast<std::size_t>(
-        Common::CityHash64(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(this), sizeof(*this)));
-}
-
-bool ViewKey::operator==(const ViewKey& rhs) const {
-    return std::tie(base_layer, num_layers, base_level, num_levels) ==
-           std::tie(rhs.base_layer, rhs.num_layers, rhs.base_level, rhs.num_levels);
-}
-
-} // namespace VideoCommon

src/video_core/texture_cache.h

@@ -1,586 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2019 yuzu Emulator Project
-// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
-// Refer to the license.txt file included.
-
-#pragma once
-
-#include <list>
-#include <memory>
-#include <set>
-#include <tuple>
-#include <type_traits>
-#include <unordered_map>
-
-#include <boost/icl/interval_map.hpp>
-#include <boost/range/iterator_range.hpp>
-
-#include "common/assert.h"
-#include "common/common_types.h"
-#include "core/memory.h"
-#include "video_core/engines/fermi_2d.h"
-#include "video_core/engines/maxwell_3d.h"
-#include "video_core/gpu.h"
-#include "video_core/rasterizer_interface.h"
-#include "video_core/surface.h"
-
-namespace Core {
-class System;
-}
-
-namespace Tegra::Texture {
-struct FullTextureInfo;
-}
-
-namespace VideoCore {
-class RasterizerInterface;
-}
-
-namespace VideoCommon {
-
-class HasheableSurfaceParams {
-public:
-    std::size_t Hash() const;
-
-    bool operator==(const HasheableSurfaceParams& rhs) const;
-
-protected:
-    // Avoid creation outside of a managed environment.
-    HasheableSurfaceParams() = default;
-
-    bool is_tiled;
-    u32 block_width;
-    u32 block_height;
-    u32 block_depth;
-    u32 tile_width_spacing;
-    u32 width;
-    u32 height;
-    u32 depth;
-    u32 pitch;
-    u32 unaligned_height;
-    u32 num_levels;
-    VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat pixel_format;
-    VideoCore::Surface::ComponentType component_type;
-    VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceType type;
-    VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceTarget target;
-};
-
-class SurfaceParams final : public HasheableSurfaceParams {
-public:
-    /// Creates SurfaceCachedParams from a texture configuration.
-    static SurfaceParams CreateForTexture(Core::System& system,
-                                          const Tegra::Texture::FullTextureInfo& config);
-
-    /// Creates SurfaceCachedParams for a depth buffer configuration.
-    static SurfaceParams CreateForDepthBuffer(
-        Core::System& system, u32 zeta_width, u32 zeta_height, Tegra::DepthFormat format,
-        u32 block_width, u32 block_height, u32 block_depth,
-        Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::InvMemoryLayout type);
-
-    /// Creates SurfaceCachedParams from a framebuffer configuration.
-    static SurfaceParams CreateForFramebuffer(Core::System& system, std::size_t index);
-
-    /// Creates SurfaceCachedParams from a Fermi2D surface configuration.
-    static SurfaceParams CreateForFermiCopySurface(
-        const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Regs::Surface& config);
-
-    bool IsTiled() const {
-        return is_tiled;
-    }
-
-    u32 GetBlockWidth() const {
-        return block_width;
-    }
-
-    u32 GetTileWidthSpacing() const {
-        return tile_width_spacing;
-    }
-
-    u32 GetWidth() const {
-        return width;
-    }
-
-    u32 GetHeight() const {
-        return height;
-    }
-
-    u32 GetDepth() const {
-        return depth;
-    }
-
-    u32 GetPitch() const {
-        return pitch;
-    }
-
-    u32 GetNumLevels() const {
-        return num_levels;
-    }
-
-    VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat GetPixelFormat() const {
-        return pixel_format;
-    }
-
-    VideoCore::Surface::ComponentType GetComponentType() const {
-        return component_type;
-    }
-
-    VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceTarget GetTarget() const {
-        return target;
-    }
-
-    VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceType GetType() const {
-        return type;
-    }
-
-    std::size_t GetGuestSizeInBytes() const {
-        return guest_size_in_bytes;
-    }
-
-    std::size_t GetHostSizeInBytes() const {
-        return host_size_in_bytes;
-    }
-
-    u32 GetNumLayers() const {
-        return num_layers;
-    }
-
-    /// Returns the width of a given mipmap level.
-    u32 GetMipWidth(u32 level) const;
-
-    /// Returns the height of a given mipmap level.
-    u32 GetMipHeight(u32 level) const;
-
-    /// Returns the depth of a given mipmap level.
-    u32 GetMipDepth(u32 level) const;
-
-    /// Returns true if these parameters are from a layered surface.
-    bool IsLayered() const;
-
-    /// Returns the block height of a given mipmap level.
-    u32 GetMipBlockHeight(u32 level) const;
-
-    /// Returns the block depth of a given mipmap level.
-    u32 GetMipBlockDepth(u32 level) const;
-
-    /// Returns the offset in bytes in guest memory of a given mipmap level.
-    std::size_t GetGuestMipmapLevelOffset(u32 level) const;
-
-    /// Returns the offset in bytes in host memory (linear) of a given mipmap level.
-    std::size_t GetHostMipmapLevelOffset(u32 level) const;
-
-    /// Returns the size of a layer in bytes in guest memory.
-    std::size_t GetGuestLayerSize() const;
-
-    /// Returns the size of a layer in bytes in host memory for a given mipmap level.
-    std::size_t GetHostLayerSize(u32 level) const;
-
-    /// Returns true if another surface can be familiar with this. This is a loosely defined term
-    /// that reflects the possibility of these two surface parameters potentially being part of a
-    /// bigger superset.
-    bool IsFamiliar(const SurfaceParams& view_params) const;
-
-    /// Returns true if the pixel format is a depth and/or stencil format.
-    bool IsPixelFormatZeta() const;
-
-    /// Creates a map that redirects an address difference to a layer and mipmap level.
-    std::map<u64, std::pair<u32, u32>> CreateViewOffsetMap() const;
-
-    /// Returns true if the passed surface view parameters is equal or a valid subset of this.
-    bool IsViewValid(const SurfaceParams& view_params, u32 layer, u32 level) const;
-
-private:
-    /// Calculates values that can be deduced from HasheableSurfaceParams.
-    void CalculateCachedValues();
-
-    /// Returns the size of a given mipmap level.
-    std::size_t GetInnerMipmapMemorySize(u32 level, bool as_host_size, bool layer_only,
-                                         bool uncompressed) const;
-
-    /// Returns the size of all mipmap levels and aligns as needed.
-    std::size_t GetInnerMemorySize(bool as_host_size, bool layer_only, bool uncompressed) const;
-
-    /// Returns true if the passed view width and height match the size of this params in a given
-    /// mipmap level.
-    bool IsDimensionValid(const SurfaceParams& view_params, u32 level) const;
-
-    /// Returns true if the passed view depth match the size of this params in a given mipmap level.
-    bool IsDepthValid(const SurfaceParams& view_params, u32 level) const;
-
-    /// Returns true if the passed view layers and mipmap levels are in bounds.
-    bool IsInBounds(const SurfaceParams& view_params, u32 layer, u32 level) const;
-
-    std::size_t guest_size_in_bytes;
-    std::size_t host_size_in_bytes;
-    u32 num_layers;
-};
-
-struct ViewKey {
-    std::size_t Hash() const;
-
-    bool operator==(const ViewKey& rhs) const;
-
-    u32 base_layer{};
-    u32 num_layers{};
-    u32 base_level{};
-    u32 num_levels{};
-};
-
-} // namespace VideoCommon
-
-namespace std {
-
-template <>
-struct hash<VideoCommon::SurfaceParams> {
-    std::size_t operator()(const VideoCommon::SurfaceParams& k) const noexcept {
-        return k.Hash();
-    }
-};
-
-template <>
-struct hash<VideoCommon::ViewKey> {
-    std::size_t operator()(const VideoCommon::ViewKey& k) const noexcept {
-        return k.Hash();
-    }
-};
-
-} // namespace std
-
-namespace VideoCommon {
-
-template <typename TView, typename TExecutionContext>
-class SurfaceBase {
-    static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable_v<TExecutionContext>);
-
-public:
-    virtual void LoadBuffer() = 0;
-
-    virtual TExecutionContext FlushBuffer(TExecutionContext exctx) = 0;
-
-    virtual TExecutionContext UploadTexture(TExecutionContext exctx) = 0;
-
-    TView* TryGetView(VAddr view_addr, const SurfaceParams& view_params) {
-        if (view_addr < cpu_addr || !params.IsFamiliar(view_params)) {
-            // It can't be a view if it's in a prior address.
-            return {};
-        }
-
-        const auto relative_offset{static_cast<u64>(view_addr - cpu_addr)};
-        const auto it{view_offset_map.find(relative_offset)};
-        if (it == view_offset_map.end()) {
-            // Couldn't find an aligned view.
-            return {};
-        }
-        const auto [layer, level] = it->second;
-
-        if (!params.IsViewValid(view_params, layer, level)) {
-            return {};
-        }
-
-        return GetView(layer, view_params.GetNumLayers(), level, view_params.GetNumLevels());
-    }
-
-    VAddr GetCpuAddr() const {
-        ASSERT(is_registered);
-        return cpu_addr;
-    }
-
-    u8* GetHostPtr() const {
-        ASSERT(is_registered);
-        return host_ptr;
-    }
-
-    CacheAddr GetCacheAddr() const {
-        ASSERT(is_registered);
-        return cache_addr;
-    }
-
-    std::size_t GetSizeInBytes() const {
-        return params.GetGuestSizeInBytes();
-    }
-
-    void MarkAsModified(bool is_modified_) {
-        is_modified = is_modified_;
-    }
-
-    const SurfaceParams& GetSurfaceParams() const {
-        return params;
-    }
-
-    TView* GetView(VAddr view_addr, const SurfaceParams& view_params) {
-        TView* view{TryGetView(view_addr, view_params)};
-        ASSERT(view != nullptr);
-        return view;
-    }
-
-    void Register(VAddr cpu_addr_, u8* host_ptr_) {
-        ASSERT(!is_registered);
-        is_registered = true;
-        cpu_addr = cpu_addr_;
-        host_ptr = host_ptr_;
-        cache_addr = ToCacheAddr(host_ptr_);
-    }
-
-    void Register(VAddr cpu_addr_) {
-        Register(cpu_addr_, Memory::GetPointer(cpu_addr_));
-    }
-
-    void Unregister() {
-        ASSERT(is_registered);
-        is_registered = false;
-    }
-
-    bool IsRegistered() const {
-        return is_registered;
-    }
-
-protected:
-    explicit SurfaceBase(const SurfaceParams& params)
-        : params{params}, view_offset_map{params.CreateViewOffsetMap()} {}
-
-    ~SurfaceBase() = default;
-
-    virtual std::unique_ptr<TView> CreateView(const ViewKey& view_key) = 0;
-
-    bool IsModified() const {
-        return is_modified;
-    }
-
-    const SurfaceParams params;
-
-private:
-    TView* GetView(u32 base_layer, u32 num_layers, u32 base_level, u32 num_levels) {
-        const ViewKey key{base_layer, num_layers, base_level, num_levels};
-        const auto [entry, is_cache_miss] = views.try_emplace(key);
-        auto& view{entry->second};
-        if (is_cache_miss) {
-            view = CreateView(key);
-        }
-        return view.get();
-    }
-
-    const std::map<u64, std::pair<u32, u32>> view_offset_map;
-
-    VAddr cpu_addr{};
-    u8* host_ptr{};
-    CacheAddr cache_addr{};
-    bool is_modified{};
-    bool is_registered{};
-    std::unordered_map<ViewKey, std::unique_ptr<TView>> views;
-};
-
-template <typename TSurface, typename TView, typename TExecutionContext>
-class TextureCache {
-    static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable_v<TExecutionContext>);
-    using ResultType = std::tuple<TView*, TExecutionContext>;
-    using IntervalMap = boost::icl::interval_map<CacheAddr, std::set<TSurface*>>;
-    using IntervalType = typename IntervalMap::interval_type;
-
-public:
-    void InvalidateRegion(CacheAddr addr, std::size_t size) {
-        for (TSurface* surface : GetSurfacesInRegion(addr, size)) {
-            if (!surface->IsRegistered()) {
-                // Skip duplicates
-                continue;
-            }
-            Unregister(surface);
-        }
-    }
-
-    ResultType GetTextureSurface(TExecutionContext exctx,
-                                 const Tegra::Texture::FullTextureInfo& config) {
-        auto& memory_manager{system.GPU().MemoryManager()};
-        const auto cpu_addr{memory_manager.GpuToCpuAddress(config.tic.Address())};
-        if (!cpu_addr) {
-            return {{}, exctx};
-        }
-        const auto params{SurfaceParams::CreateForTexture(system, config)};
-        return GetSurfaceView(exctx, *cpu_addr, params, true);
-    }
-
-    ResultType GetDepthBufferSurface(TExecutionContext exctx, bool preserve_contents) {
-        const auto& regs{system.GPU().Maxwell3D().regs};
-        if (!regs.zeta.Address() || !regs.zeta_enable) {
-            return {{}, exctx};
-        }
-
-        auto& memory_manager{system.GPU().MemoryManager()};
-        const auto cpu_addr{memory_manager.GpuToCpuAddress(regs.zeta.Address())};
-        if (!cpu_addr) {
-            return {{}, exctx};
-        }
-
-        const auto depth_params{SurfaceParams::CreateForDepthBuffer(
-            system, regs.zeta_width, regs.zeta_height, regs.zeta.format,
-            regs.zeta.memory_layout.block_width, regs.zeta.memory_layout.block_height,
-            regs.zeta.memory_layout.block_depth, regs.zeta.memory_layout.type)};
-        return GetSurfaceView(exctx, *cpu_addr, depth_params, preserve_contents);
-    }
-
-    ResultType GetColorBufferSurface(TExecutionContext exctx, std::size_t index,
-                                     bool preserve_contents) {
-        ASSERT(index < Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::NumRenderTargets);
-
-        const auto& regs{system.GPU().Maxwell3D().regs};
-        if (index >= regs.rt_control.count || regs.rt[index].Address() == 0 ||
-            regs.rt[index].format == Tegra::RenderTargetFormat::NONE) {
-            return {{}, exctx};
-        }
-
-        auto& memory_manager{system.GPU().MemoryManager()};
-        const auto& config{system.GPU().Maxwell3D().regs.rt[index]};
-        const auto cpu_addr{memory_manager.GpuToCpuAddress(
-            config.Address() + config.base_layer * config.layer_stride * sizeof(u32))};
-        if (!cpu_addr) {
-            return {{}, exctx};
-        }
-
-        return GetSurfaceView(exctx, *cpu_addr, SurfaceParams::CreateForFramebuffer(system, index),
-                              preserve_contents);
-    }
-
-    ResultType GetFermiSurface(TExecutionContext exctx,
-                               const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Regs::Surface& config) {
-        const auto cpu_addr{system.GPU().MemoryManager().GpuToCpuAddress(config.Address())};
-        ASSERT(cpu_addr);
-        return GetSurfaceView(exctx, *cpu_addr, SurfaceParams::CreateForFermiCopySurface(config),
-                              true);
-    }
-
-    TSurface* TryFindFramebufferSurface(const u8* host_ptr) const {
-        const auto it{registered_surfaces.find(ToCacheAddr(host_ptr))};
-        return it != registered_surfaces.end() ? *it->second.begin() : nullptr;
-    }
-
-protected:
-    TextureCache(Core::System& system, VideoCore::RasterizerInterface& rasterizer)
-        : system{system}, rasterizer{rasterizer} {}
-
-    ~TextureCache() = default;
-
-    virtual ResultType TryFastGetSurfaceView(TExecutionContext exctx, VAddr cpu_addr, u8* host_ptr,
-                                             const SurfaceParams& params, bool preserve_contents,
-                                             const std::vector<TSurface*>& overlaps) = 0;
-
-    virtual std::unique_ptr<TSurface> CreateSurface(const SurfaceParams& params) = 0;
-
-    void Register(TSurface* surface, VAddr cpu_addr, u8* host_ptr) {
-        surface->Register(cpu_addr, host_ptr);
-        registered_surfaces.add({GetSurfaceInterval(surface), {surface}});
-        rasterizer.UpdatePagesCachedCount(surface->GetCpuAddr(), surface->GetSizeInBytes(), 1);
-    }
-
-    void Unregister(TSurface* surface) {
-        registered_surfaces.subtract({GetSurfaceInterval(surface), {surface}});
-        rasterizer.UpdatePagesCachedCount(surface->GetCpuAddr(), surface->GetSizeInBytes(), -1);
-        surface->Unregister();
-    }
-
-    TSurface* GetUncachedSurface(const SurfaceParams& params) {
-        if (TSurface* surface = TryGetReservedSurface(params); surface)
-            return surface;
-        // No reserved surface available, create a new one and reserve it
-        auto new_surface{CreateSurface(params)};
-        TSurface* surface{new_surface.get()};
-        ReserveSurface(params, std::move(new_surface));
-        return surface;
-    }
-
-    Core::System& system;
-
-private:
-    ResultType GetSurfaceView(TExecutionContext exctx, VAddr cpu_addr, const SurfaceParams& params,
-                              bool preserve_contents) {
-        const auto host_ptr{Memory::GetPointer(cpu_addr)};
-        const auto cache_addr{ToCacheAddr(host_ptr)};
-        const auto overlaps{GetSurfacesInRegion(cache_addr, params.GetGuestSizeInBytes())};
-        if (overlaps.empty()) {
-            return LoadSurfaceView(exctx, cpu_addr, host_ptr, params, preserve_contents);
-        }
-
-        if (overlaps.size() == 1) {
-            if (TView* view = overlaps[0]->TryGetView(cpu_addr, params); view)
-                return {view, exctx};
-        }
-
-        TView* fast_view;
-        std::tie(fast_view, exctx) =
-            TryFastGetSurfaceView(exctx, cpu_addr, host_ptr, params, preserve_contents, overlaps);
-
-        for (TSurface* surface : overlaps) {
-            if (!fast_view) {
-                // Flush even when we don't care about the contents, to preserve memory not written
-                // by the new surface.
-                exctx = surface->FlushBuffer(exctx);
-            }
-            Unregister(surface);
-        }
-
-        if (fast_view) {
-            return {fast_view, exctx};
-        }
-
-        return LoadSurfaceView(exctx, cpu_addr, host_ptr, params, preserve_contents);
-    }
-
-    ResultType LoadSurfaceView(TExecutionContext exctx, VAddr cpu_addr, u8* host_ptr,
-                               const SurfaceParams& params, bool preserve_contents) {
-        TSurface* new_surface{GetUncachedSurface(params)};
-        Register(new_surface, cpu_addr, host_ptr);
-        if (preserve_contents) {
-            exctx = LoadSurface(exctx, new_surface);
-        }
-        return {new_surface->GetView(cpu_addr, params), exctx};
-    }
-
-    TExecutionContext LoadSurface(TExecutionContext exctx, TSurface* surface) {
-        surface->LoadBuffer();
-        exctx = surface->UploadTexture(exctx);
-        surface->MarkAsModified(false);
-        return exctx;
-    }
-
-    std::vector<TSurface*> GetSurfacesInRegion(CacheAddr cache_addr, std::size_t size) const {
-        if (size == 0) {
-            return {};
-        }
-        const IntervalType interval{cache_addr, cache_addr + size};
-
-        std::vector<TSurface*> surfaces;
-        for (auto& pair : boost::make_iterator_range(registered_surfaces.equal_range(interval))) {
-            surfaces.push_back(*pair.second.begin());
-        }
-        return surfaces;
-    }
-
-    void ReserveSurface(const SurfaceParams& params, std::unique_ptr<TSurface> surface) {
-        surface_reserve[params].push_back(std::move(surface));
-    }
-
-    TSurface* TryGetReservedSurface(const SurfaceParams& params) {
-        auto search{surface_reserve.find(params)};
-        if (search == surface_reserve.end()) {
-            return {};
-        }
-        for (auto& surface : search->second) {
-            if (!surface->IsRegistered()) {
-                return surface.get();
-            }
-        }
-        return {};
-    }
-
-    IntervalType GetSurfaceInterval(TSurface* surface) const {
-        return IntervalType::right_open(surface->GetCacheAddr(),
-                                        surface->GetCacheAddr() + surface->GetSizeInBytes());
-    }
-
-    VideoCore::RasterizerInterface& rasterizer;
-
-    IntervalMap registered_surfaces;
-
-    /// The surface reserve is a "backup" cache, this is where we put unique surfaces that have
-    /// previously been used. This is to prevent surfaces from being constantly created and
-    /// destroyed when used with different surface parameters.
-    std::unordered_map<SurfaceParams, std::list<std::unique_ptr<TSurface>>> surface_reserve;
-};
-
-} // namespace VideoCommon

src/video_core/texture_cache/copy_params.h

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+// Copyright 2019 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+
+namespace VideoCommon {
+
+struct CopyParams {
+    constexpr CopyParams(u32 source_x, u32 source_y, u32 source_z, u32 dest_x, u32 dest_y,
+                         u32 dest_z, u32 source_level, u32 dest_level, u32 width, u32 height,
+                         u32 depth)
+        : source_x{source_x}, source_y{source_y}, source_z{source_z}, dest_x{dest_x},
+          dest_y{dest_y}, dest_z{dest_z}, source_level{source_level},
+          dest_level{dest_level}, width{width}, height{height}, depth{depth} {}
+
+    constexpr CopyParams(u32 width, u32 height, u32 depth, u32 level)
+        : source_x{}, source_y{}, source_z{}, dest_x{}, dest_y{}, dest_z{}, source_level{level},
+          dest_level{level}, width{width}, height{height}, depth{depth} {}
+
+    u32 source_x;
+    u32 source_y;
+    u32 source_z;
+    u32 dest_x;
+    u32 dest_y;
+    u32 dest_z;
+    u32 source_level;
+    u32 dest_level;
+    u32 width;
+    u32 height;
+    u32 depth;
+};
+
+} // namespace VideoCommon

src/video_core/texture_cache/surface_base.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,300 @@
+// Copyright 2019 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#include "common/assert.h"
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "common/microprofile.h"
+#include "video_core/memory_manager.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/surface_base.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/surface_params.h"
+#include "video_core/textures/convert.h"
+
+namespace VideoCommon {
+
+MICROPROFILE_DEFINE(GPU_Load_Texture, "GPU", "Texture Load", MP_RGB(128, 192, 128));
+MICROPROFILE_DEFINE(GPU_Flush_Texture, "GPU", "Texture Flush", MP_RGB(128, 192, 128));
+
+using Tegra::Texture::ConvertFromGuestToHost;
+using VideoCore::MortonSwizzleMode;
+using VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceCompression;
+
+StagingCache::StagingCache() = default;
+
+StagingCache::~StagingCache() = default;
+
+SurfaceBaseImpl::SurfaceBaseImpl(GPUVAddr gpu_addr, const SurfaceParams& params)
+    : params{params}, mipmap_sizes(params.num_levels),
+      mipmap_offsets(params.num_levels), gpu_addr{gpu_addr}, host_memory_size{
+                                                                 params.GetHostSizeInBytes()} {
+    std::size_t offset = 0;
+    for (u32 level = 0; level < params.num_levels; ++level) {
+        const std::size_t mipmap_size{params.GetGuestMipmapSize(level)};
+        mipmap_sizes[level] = mipmap_size;
+        mipmap_offsets[level] = offset;
+        offset += mipmap_size;
+    }
+    layer_size = offset;
+    if (params.is_layered) {
+        if (params.is_tiled) {
+            layer_size =
+                SurfaceParams::AlignLayered(layer_size, params.block_height, params.block_depth);
+        }
+        guest_memory_size = layer_size * params.depth;
+    } else {
+        guest_memory_size = layer_size;
+    }
+}
+
+MatchTopologyResult SurfaceBaseImpl::MatchesTopology(const SurfaceParams& rhs) const {
+    const u32 src_bpp{params.GetBytesPerPixel()};
+    const u32 dst_bpp{rhs.GetBytesPerPixel()};
+    const bool ib1 = params.IsBuffer();
+    const bool ib2 = rhs.IsBuffer();
+    if (std::tie(src_bpp, params.is_tiled, ib1) == std::tie(dst_bpp, rhs.is_tiled, ib2)) {
+        const bool cb1 = params.IsCompressed();
+        const bool cb2 = rhs.IsCompressed();
+        if (cb1 == cb2) {
+            return MatchTopologyResult::FullMatch;
+        }
+        return MatchTopologyResult::CompressUnmatch;
+    }
+    return MatchTopologyResult::None;
+}
+
+MatchStructureResult SurfaceBaseImpl::MatchesStructure(const SurfaceParams& rhs) const {
+    // Buffer surface Check
+    if (params.IsBuffer()) {
+        const std::size_t wd1 = params.width * params.GetBytesPerPixel();
+        const std::size_t wd2 = rhs.width * rhs.GetBytesPerPixel();
+        if (wd1 == wd2) {
+            return MatchStructureResult::FullMatch;
+        }
+        return MatchStructureResult::None;
+    }
+
+    // Linear Surface check
+    if (!params.is_tiled) {
+        if (std::tie(params.width, params.height, params.pitch) ==
+            std::tie(rhs.width, rhs.height, rhs.pitch)) {
+            return MatchStructureResult::FullMatch;
+        }
+        return MatchStructureResult::None;
+    }
+
+    // Tiled Surface check
+    if (std::tie(params.depth, params.block_width, params.block_height, params.block_depth,
+                 params.tile_width_spacing, params.num_levels) ==
+        std::tie(rhs.depth, rhs.block_width, rhs.block_height, rhs.block_depth,
+                 rhs.tile_width_spacing, rhs.num_levels)) {
+        if (std::tie(params.width, params.height) == std::tie(rhs.width, rhs.height)) {
+            return MatchStructureResult::FullMatch;
+        }
+        const u32 ws = SurfaceParams::ConvertWidth(rhs.GetBlockAlignedWidth(), params.pixel_format,
+                                                   rhs.pixel_format);
+        const u32 hs =
+            SurfaceParams::ConvertHeight(rhs.height, params.pixel_format, rhs.pixel_format);
+        const u32 w1 = params.GetBlockAlignedWidth();
+        if (std::tie(w1, params.height) == std::tie(ws, hs)) {
+            return MatchStructureResult::SemiMatch;
+        }
+    }
+    return MatchStructureResult::None;
+}
+
+std::optional<std::pair<u32, u32>> SurfaceBaseImpl::GetLayerMipmap(
+    const GPUVAddr candidate_gpu_addr) const {
+    if (gpu_addr == candidate_gpu_addr) {
+        return {{0, 0}};
+    }
+    if (candidate_gpu_addr < gpu_addr) {
+        return {};
+    }
+    const auto relative_address{static_cast<GPUVAddr>(candidate_gpu_addr - gpu_addr)};
+    const auto layer{static_cast<u32>(relative_address / layer_size)};
+    const GPUVAddr mipmap_address = relative_address - layer_size * layer;
+    const auto mipmap_it =
+        Common::BinaryFind(mipmap_offsets.begin(), mipmap_offsets.end(), mipmap_address);
+    if (mipmap_it == mipmap_offsets.end()) {
+        return {};
+    }
+    const auto level{static_cast<u32>(std::distance(mipmap_offsets.begin(), mipmap_it))};
+    return std::make_pair(layer, level);
+}
+
+std::vector<CopyParams> SurfaceBaseImpl::BreakDownLayered(const SurfaceParams& in_params) const {
+    const u32 layers{params.depth};
+    const u32 mipmaps{params.num_levels};
+    std::vector<CopyParams> result;
+    result.reserve(static_cast<std::size_t>(layers) * static_cast<std::size_t>(mipmaps));
+
+    for (u32 layer = 0; layer < layers; layer++) {
+        for (u32 level = 0; level < mipmaps; level++) {
+            const u32 width = SurfaceParams::IntersectWidth(params, in_params, level, level);
+            const u32 height = SurfaceParams::IntersectHeight(params, in_params, level, level);
+            result.emplace_back(width, height, layer, level);
+        }
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+std::vector<CopyParams> SurfaceBaseImpl::BreakDownNonLayered(const SurfaceParams& in_params) const {
+    const u32 mipmaps{params.num_levels};
+    std::vector<CopyParams> result;
+    result.reserve(mipmaps);
+
+    for (u32 level = 0; level < mipmaps; level++) {
+        const u32 width = SurfaceParams::IntersectWidth(params, in_params, level, level);
+        const u32 height = SurfaceParams::IntersectHeight(params, in_params, level, level);
+        const u32 depth{std::min(params.GetMipDepth(level), in_params.GetMipDepth(level))};
+        result.emplace_back(width, height, depth, level);
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+void SurfaceBaseImpl::SwizzleFunc(MortonSwizzleMode mode, u8* memory, const SurfaceParams& params,
+                                  u8* buffer, u32 level) {
+    const u32 width{params.GetMipWidth(level)};
+    const u32 height{params.GetMipHeight(level)};
+    const u32 block_height{params.GetMipBlockHeight(level)};
+    const u32 block_depth{params.GetMipBlockDepth(level)};
+
+    std::size_t guest_offset{mipmap_offsets[level]};
+    if (params.is_layered) {
+        std::size_t host_offset{0};
+        const std::size_t guest_stride = layer_size;
+        const std::size_t host_stride = params.GetHostLayerSize(level);
+        for (u32 layer = 0; layer < params.depth; ++layer) {
+            MortonSwizzle(mode, params.pixel_format, width, block_height, height, block_depth, 1,
+                          params.tile_width_spacing, buffer + host_offset, memory + guest_offset);
+            guest_offset += guest_stride;
+            host_offset += host_stride;
+        }
+    } else {
+        MortonSwizzle(mode, params.pixel_format, width, block_height, height, block_depth,
+                      params.GetMipDepth(level), params.tile_width_spacing, buffer,
+                      memory + guest_offset);
+    }
+}
+
+void SurfaceBaseImpl::LoadBuffer(Tegra::MemoryManager& memory_manager,
+                                 StagingCache& staging_cache) {
+    MICROPROFILE_SCOPE(GPU_Load_Texture);
+    auto& staging_buffer = staging_cache.GetBuffer(0);
+    u8* host_ptr;
+    is_continuous = memory_manager.IsBlockContinuous(gpu_addr, guest_memory_size);
+
+    // Handle continuouty
+    if (is_continuous) {
+        // Use physical memory directly
+        host_ptr = memory_manager.GetPointer(gpu_addr);
+        if (!host_ptr) {
+            return;
+        }
+    } else {
+        // Use an extra temporal buffer
+        auto& tmp_buffer = staging_cache.GetBuffer(1);
+        tmp_buffer.resize(guest_memory_size);
+        host_ptr = tmp_buffer.data();
+        memory_manager.ReadBlockUnsafe(gpu_addr, host_ptr, guest_memory_size);
+    }
+
+    if (params.is_tiled) {
+        ASSERT_MSG(params.block_width == 0, "Block width is defined as {} on texture target {}",
+                   params.block_width, static_cast<u32>(params.target));
+        for (u32 level = 0; level < params.num_levels; ++level) {
+            const std::size_t host_offset{params.GetHostMipmapLevelOffset(level)};
+            SwizzleFunc(MortonSwizzleMode::MortonToLinear, host_ptr, params,
+                        staging_buffer.data() + host_offset, level);
+        }
+    } else {
+        ASSERT_MSG(params.num_levels == 1, "Linear mipmap loading is not implemented");
+        const u32 bpp{params.GetBytesPerPixel()};
+        const u32 block_width{params.GetDefaultBlockWidth()};
+        const u32 block_height{params.GetDefaultBlockHeight()};
+        const u32 width{(params.width + block_width - 1) / block_width};
+        const u32 height{(params.height + block_height - 1) / block_height};
+        const u32 copy_size{width * bpp};
+        if (params.pitch == copy_size) {
+            std::memcpy(staging_buffer.data(), host_ptr, params.GetHostSizeInBytes());
+        } else {
+            const u8* start{host_ptr};
+            u8* write_to{staging_buffer.data()};
+            for (u32 h = height; h > 0; --h) {
+                std::memcpy(write_to, start, copy_size);
+                start += params.pitch;
+                write_to += copy_size;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    auto compression_type = params.GetCompressionType();
+    if (compression_type == SurfaceCompression::None ||
+        compression_type == SurfaceCompression::Compressed)
+        return;
+
+    for (u32 level_up = params.num_levels; level_up > 0; --level_up) {
+        const u32 level = level_up - 1;
+        const std::size_t in_host_offset{params.GetHostMipmapLevelOffset(level)};
+        const std::size_t out_host_offset = compression_type == SurfaceCompression::Rearranged
+                                                ? in_host_offset
+                                                : params.GetConvertedMipmapOffset(level);
+        u8* in_buffer = staging_buffer.data() + in_host_offset;
+        u8* out_buffer = staging_buffer.data() + out_host_offset;
+        ConvertFromGuestToHost(in_buffer, out_buffer, params.pixel_format,
+                               params.GetMipWidth(level), params.GetMipHeight(level),
+                               params.GetMipDepth(level), true, true);
+    }
+}
+
+void SurfaceBaseImpl::FlushBuffer(Tegra::MemoryManager& memory_manager,
+                                  StagingCache& staging_cache) {
+    MICROPROFILE_SCOPE(GPU_Flush_Texture);
+    auto& staging_buffer = staging_cache.GetBuffer(0);
+    u8* host_ptr;
+
+    // Handle continuouty
+    if (is_continuous) {
+        // Use physical memory directly
+        host_ptr = memory_manager.GetPointer(gpu_addr);
+        if (!host_ptr) {
+            return;
+        }
+    } else {
+        // Use an extra temporal buffer
+        auto& tmp_buffer = staging_cache.GetBuffer(1);
+        tmp_buffer.resize(guest_memory_size);
+        host_ptr = tmp_buffer.data();
+    }
+
+    if (params.is_tiled) {
+        ASSERT_MSG(params.block_width == 0, "Block width is defined as {}", params.block_width);
+        for (u32 level = 0; level < params.num_levels; ++level) {
+            const std::size_t host_offset{params.GetHostMipmapLevelOffset(level)};
+            SwizzleFunc(MortonSwizzleMode::LinearToMorton, host_ptr, params,
+                        staging_buffer.data() + host_offset, level);
+        }
+    } else {
+        ASSERT(params.target == SurfaceTarget::Texture2D);
+        ASSERT(params.num_levels == 1);
+
+        const u32 bpp{params.GetBytesPerPixel()};
+        const u32 copy_size{params.width * bpp};
+        if (params.pitch == copy_size) {
+            std::memcpy(host_ptr, staging_buffer.data(), guest_memory_size);
+        } else {
+            u8* start{host_ptr};
+            const u8* read_to{staging_buffer.data()};
+            for (u32 h = params.height; h > 0; --h) {
+                std::memcpy(start, read_to, copy_size);
+                start += params.pitch;
+                read_to += copy_size;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if (!is_continuous) {
+        memory_manager.WriteBlockUnsafe(gpu_addr, host_ptr, guest_memory_size);
+    }
+}
+
+} // namespace VideoCommon

src/video_core/texture_cache/surface_base.h

@@ -0,0 +1,317 @@
+// Copyright 2019 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "common/assert.h"
+#include "common/binary_find.h"
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "video_core/gpu.h"
+#include "video_core/morton.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/copy_params.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/surface_params.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/surface_view.h"
+
+namespace Tegra {
+class MemoryManager;
+}
+
+namespace VideoCommon {
+
+using VideoCore::MortonSwizzleMode;
+using VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceTarget;
+
+enum class MatchStructureResult : u32 {
+    FullMatch = 0,
+    SemiMatch = 1,
+    None = 2,
+};
+
+enum class MatchTopologyResult : u32 {
+    FullMatch = 0,
+    CompressUnmatch = 1,
+    None = 2,
+};
+
+class StagingCache {
+public:
+    explicit StagingCache();
+    ~StagingCache();
+
+    std::vector<u8>& GetBuffer(std::size_t index) {
+        return staging_buffer[index];
+    }
+
+    const std::vector<u8>& GetBuffer(std::size_t index) const {
+        return staging_buffer[index];
+    }
+
+    void SetSize(std::size_t size) {
+        staging_buffer.resize(size);
+    }
+
+private:
+    std::vector<std::vector<u8>> staging_buffer;
+};
+
+class SurfaceBaseImpl {
+public:
+    void LoadBuffer(Tegra::MemoryManager& memory_manager, StagingCache& staging_cache);
+
+    void FlushBuffer(Tegra::MemoryManager& memory_manager, StagingCache& staging_cache);
+
+    GPUVAddr GetGpuAddr() const {
+        return gpu_addr;
+    }
+
+    bool Overlaps(const CacheAddr start, const CacheAddr end) const {
+        return (cache_addr < end) && (cache_addr_end > start);
+    }
+
+    bool IsInside(const GPUVAddr other_start, const GPUVAddr other_end) {
+        const GPUVAddr gpu_addr_end = gpu_addr + guest_memory_size;
+        return (gpu_addr <= other_start && other_end <= gpu_addr_end);
+    }
+
+    // Use only when recycling a surface
+    void SetGpuAddr(const GPUVAddr new_addr) {
+        gpu_addr = new_addr;
+    }
+
+    VAddr GetCpuAddr() const {
+        return cpu_addr;
+    }
+
+    void SetCpuAddr(const VAddr new_addr) {
+        cpu_addr = new_addr;
+    }
+
+    CacheAddr GetCacheAddr() const {
+        return cache_addr;
+    }
+
+    CacheAddr GetCacheAddrEnd() const {
+        return cache_addr_end;
+    }
+
+    void SetCacheAddr(const CacheAddr new_addr) {
+        cache_addr = new_addr;
+        cache_addr_end = new_addr + guest_memory_size;
+    }
+
+    const SurfaceParams& GetSurfaceParams() const {
+        return params;
+    }
+
+    std::size_t GetSizeInBytes() const {
+        return guest_memory_size;
+    }
+
+    std::size_t GetHostSizeInBytes() const {
+        return host_memory_size;
+    }
+
+    std::size_t GetMipmapSize(const u32 level) const {
+        return mipmap_sizes[level];
+    }
+
+    void MarkAsContinuous(const bool is_continuous) {
+        this->is_continuous = is_continuous;
+    }
+
+    bool IsContinuous() const {
+        return is_continuous;
+    }
+
+    bool IsLinear() const {
+        return !params.is_tiled;
+    }
+
+    bool MatchFormat(VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat pixel_format) const {
+        return params.pixel_format == pixel_format;
+    }
+
+    VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat GetFormat() const {
+        return params.pixel_format;
+    }
+
+    bool MatchTarget(VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceTarget target) const {
+        return params.target == target;
+    }
+
+    MatchTopologyResult MatchesTopology(const SurfaceParams& rhs) const;
+
+    MatchStructureResult MatchesStructure(const SurfaceParams& rhs) const;
+
+    bool MatchesSubTexture(const SurfaceParams& rhs, const GPUVAddr other_gpu_addr) const {
+        return std::tie(gpu_addr, params.target, params.num_levels) ==
+                   std::tie(other_gpu_addr, rhs.target, rhs.num_levels) &&
+               params.target == SurfaceTarget::Texture2D && params.num_levels == 1;
+    }
+
+    std::optional<std::pair<u32, u32>> GetLayerMipmap(const GPUVAddr candidate_gpu_addr) const;
+
+    std::vector<CopyParams> BreakDown(const SurfaceParams& in_params) const {
+        return params.is_layered ? BreakDownLayered(in_params) : BreakDownNonLayered(in_params);
+    }
+
+protected:
+    explicit SurfaceBaseImpl(GPUVAddr gpu_addr, const SurfaceParams& params);
+    ~SurfaceBaseImpl() = default;
+
+    virtual void DecorateSurfaceName() = 0;
+
+    const SurfaceParams params;
+    std::size_t layer_size;
+    std::size_t guest_memory_size;
+    const std::size_t host_memory_size;
+    GPUVAddr gpu_addr{};
+    CacheAddr cache_addr{};
+    CacheAddr cache_addr_end{};
+    VAddr cpu_addr{};
+    bool is_continuous{};
+
+    std::vector<std::size_t> mipmap_sizes;
+    std::vector<std::size_t> mipmap_offsets;
+
+private:
+    void SwizzleFunc(MortonSwizzleMode mode, u8* memory, const SurfaceParams& params, u8* buffer,
+                     u32 level);
+
+    std::vector<CopyParams> BreakDownLayered(const SurfaceParams& in_params) const;
+
+    std::vector<CopyParams> BreakDownNonLayered(const SurfaceParams& in_params) const;
+};
+
+template <typename TView>
+class SurfaceBase : public SurfaceBaseImpl {
+public:
+    virtual void UploadTexture(const std::vector<u8>& staging_buffer) = 0;
+
+    virtual void DownloadTexture(std::vector<u8>& staging_buffer) = 0;
+
+    void MarkAsModified(const bool is_modified_, const u64 tick) {
+        is_modified = is_modified_ || is_target;
+        modification_tick = tick;
+    }
+
+    void MarkAsRenderTarget(const bool is_target) {
+        this->is_target = is_target;
+    }
+
+    void MarkAsPicked(const bool is_picked) {
+        this->is_picked = is_picked;
+    }
+
+    bool IsModified() const {
+        return is_modified;
+    }
+
+    bool IsProtected() const {
+        // Only 3D Slices are to be protected
+        return is_target && params.block_depth > 0;
+    }
+
+    bool IsRenderTarget() const {
+        return is_target;
+    }
+
+    bool IsRegistered() const {
+        return is_registered;
+    }
+
+    bool IsPicked() const {
+        return is_picked;
+    }
+
+    void MarkAsRegistered(bool is_reg) {
+        is_registered = is_reg;
+    }
+
+    u64 GetModificationTick() const {
+        return modification_tick;
+    }
+
+    TView EmplaceOverview(const SurfaceParams& overview_params) {
+        const u32 num_layers{(params.is_layered && !overview_params.is_layered) ? 1 : params.depth};
+        return GetView(ViewParams(overview_params.target, 0, num_layers, 0, params.num_levels));
+    }
+
+    std::optional<TView> EmplaceIrregularView(const SurfaceParams& view_params,
+                                              const GPUVAddr view_addr,
+                                              const std::size_t candidate_size, const u32 mipmap,
+                                              const u32 layer) {
+        const auto layer_mipmap{GetLayerMipmap(view_addr + candidate_size)};
+        if (!layer_mipmap) {
+            return {};
+        }
+        const u32 end_layer{layer_mipmap->first};
+        const u32 end_mipmap{layer_mipmap->second};
+        if (layer != end_layer) {
+            if (mipmap == 0 && end_mipmap == 0) {
+                return GetView(ViewParams(view_params.target, layer, end_layer - layer + 1, 0, 1));
+            }
+            return {};
+        } else {
+            return GetView(
+                ViewParams(view_params.target, layer, 1, mipmap, end_mipmap - mipmap + 1));
+        }
+    }
+
+    std::optional<TView> EmplaceView(const SurfaceParams& view_params, const GPUVAddr view_addr,
+                                     const std::size_t candidate_size) {
+        if (params.target == SurfaceTarget::Texture3D ||
+            (params.num_levels == 1 && !params.is_layered) ||
+            view_params.target == SurfaceTarget::Texture3D) {
+            return {};
+        }
+        const auto layer_mipmap{GetLayerMipmap(view_addr)};
+        if (!layer_mipmap) {
+            return {};
+        }
+        const u32 layer{layer_mipmap->first};
+        const u32 mipmap{layer_mipmap->second};
+        if (GetMipmapSize(mipmap) != candidate_size) {
+            return EmplaceIrregularView(view_params, view_addr, candidate_size, mipmap, layer);
+        }
+        return GetView(ViewParams(view_params.target, layer, 1, mipmap, 1));
+    }
+
+    TView GetMainView() const {
+        return main_view;
+    }
+
+protected:
+    explicit SurfaceBase(const GPUVAddr gpu_addr, const SurfaceParams& params)
+        : SurfaceBaseImpl(gpu_addr, params) {}
+
+    ~SurfaceBase() = default;
+
+    virtual TView CreateView(const ViewParams& view_key) = 0;
+
+    TView main_view;
+    std::unordered_map<ViewParams, TView> views;
+
+private:
+    TView GetView(const ViewParams& key) {
+        const auto [entry, is_cache_miss] = views.try_emplace(key);
+        auto& view{entry->second};
+        if (is_cache_miss) {
+            view = CreateView(key);
+        }
+        return view;
+    }
+
+    bool is_modified{};
+    bool is_target{};
+    bool is_registered{};
+    bool is_picked{};
+    u64 modification_tick{};
+};
+
+} // namespace VideoCommon

src/video_core/texture_cache/surface_params.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,334 @@
+// Copyright 2019 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#include <map>
+
+#include "common/alignment.h"
+#include "common/bit_util.h"
+#include "core/core.h"
+#include "video_core/engines/shader_bytecode.h"
+#include "video_core/surface.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/surface_params.h"
+
+namespace VideoCommon {
+
+using VideoCore::Surface::ComponentTypeFromDepthFormat;
+using VideoCore::Surface::ComponentTypeFromRenderTarget;
+using VideoCore::Surface::ComponentTypeFromTexture;
+using VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat;
+using VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormatFromDepthFormat;
+using VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormatFromRenderTargetFormat;
+using VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormatFromTextureFormat;
+using VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceTarget;
+using VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceTargetFromTextureType;
+using VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceType;
+
+SurfaceTarget TextureType2SurfaceTarget(Tegra::Shader::TextureType type, bool is_array) {
+    switch (type) {
+    case Tegra::Shader::TextureType::Texture1D: {
+        if (is_array)
+            return SurfaceTarget::Texture1DArray;
+        else
+            return SurfaceTarget::Texture1D;
+    }
+    case Tegra::Shader::TextureType::Texture2D: {
+        if (is_array)
+            return SurfaceTarget::Texture2DArray;
+        else
+            return SurfaceTarget::Texture2D;
+    }
+    case Tegra::Shader::TextureType::Texture3D: {
+        ASSERT(!is_array);
+        return SurfaceTarget::Texture3D;
+    }
+    case Tegra::Shader::TextureType::TextureCube: {
+        if (is_array)
+            return SurfaceTarget::TextureCubeArray;
+        else
+            return SurfaceTarget::TextureCubemap;
+    }
+    default: {
+        UNREACHABLE();
+        return SurfaceTarget::Texture2D;
+    }
+    }
+}
+
+namespace {
+constexpr u32 GetMipmapSize(bool uncompressed, u32 mip_size, u32 tile) {
+    return uncompressed ? mip_size : std::max(1U, (mip_size + tile - 1) / tile);
+}
+} // Anonymous namespace
+
+SurfaceParams SurfaceParams::CreateForTexture(Core::System& system,
+                                              const Tegra::Texture::FullTextureInfo& config,
+                                              const VideoCommon::Shader::Sampler& entry) {
+    SurfaceParams params;
+    params.is_tiled = config.tic.IsTiled();
+    params.srgb_conversion = config.tic.IsSrgbConversionEnabled();
+    params.block_width = params.is_tiled ? config.tic.BlockWidth() : 0,
+    params.block_height = params.is_tiled ? config.tic.BlockHeight() : 0,
+    params.block_depth = params.is_tiled ? config.tic.BlockDepth() : 0,
+    params.tile_width_spacing = params.is_tiled ? (1 << config.tic.tile_width_spacing.Value()) : 1;
+    params.pixel_format = PixelFormatFromTextureFormat(config.tic.format, config.tic.r_type.Value(),
+                                                       params.srgb_conversion);
+    params.type = GetFormatType(params.pixel_format);
+    if (entry.IsShadow() && params.type == SurfaceType::ColorTexture) {
+        switch (params.pixel_format) {
+        case PixelFormat::R16U:
+        case PixelFormat::R16F: {
+            params.pixel_format = PixelFormat::Z16;
+            break;
+        }
+        case PixelFormat::R32F: {
+            params.pixel_format = PixelFormat::Z32F;
+            break;
+        }
+        default: {
+            UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG("Unimplemented shadow convert format: {}",
+                              static_cast<u32>(params.pixel_format));
+        }
+        }
+        params.type = GetFormatType(params.pixel_format);
+    }
+    params.component_type = ComponentTypeFromTexture(config.tic.r_type.Value());
+    params.type = GetFormatType(params.pixel_format);
+    // TODO: on 1DBuffer we should use the tic info.
+    if (!config.tic.IsBuffer()) {
+        params.target = TextureType2SurfaceTarget(entry.GetType(), entry.IsArray());
+        params.width = config.tic.Width();
+        params.height = config.tic.Height();
+        params.depth = config.tic.Depth();
+        params.pitch = params.is_tiled ? 0 : config.tic.Pitch();
+        if (params.target == SurfaceTarget::TextureCubemap ||
+            params.target == SurfaceTarget::TextureCubeArray) {
+            params.depth *= 6;
+        }
+        params.num_levels = config.tic.max_mip_level + 1;
+        params.emulated_levels = std::min(params.num_levels, params.MaxPossibleMipmap());
+        params.is_layered = params.IsLayered();
+    } else {
+        params.target = SurfaceTarget::TextureBuffer;
+        params.width = config.tic.Width();
+        params.pitch = params.width * params.GetBytesPerPixel();
+        params.height = 1;
+        params.depth = 1;
+        params.num_levels = 1;
+        params.emulated_levels = 1;
+        params.is_layered = false;
+    }
+    return params;
+}
+
+SurfaceParams SurfaceParams::CreateForDepthBuffer(
+    Core::System& system, u32 zeta_width, u32 zeta_height, Tegra::DepthFormat format,
+    u32 block_width, u32 block_height, u32 block_depth,
+    Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::InvMemoryLayout type) {
+    SurfaceParams params;
+    params.is_tiled = type == Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::InvMemoryLayout::BlockLinear;
+    params.srgb_conversion = false;
+    params.block_width = std::min(block_width, 5U);
+    params.block_height = std::min(block_height, 5U);
+    params.block_depth = std::min(block_depth, 5U);
+    params.tile_width_spacing = 1;
+    params.pixel_format = PixelFormatFromDepthFormat(format);
+    params.component_type = ComponentTypeFromDepthFormat(format);
+    params.type = GetFormatType(params.pixel_format);
+    params.width = zeta_width;
+    params.height = zeta_height;
+    params.target = SurfaceTarget::Texture2D;
+    params.depth = 1;
+    params.pitch = 0;
+    params.num_levels = 1;
+    params.emulated_levels = 1;
+    params.is_layered = false;
+    return params;
+}
+
+SurfaceParams SurfaceParams::CreateForFramebuffer(Core::System& system, std::size_t index) {
+    const auto& config{system.GPU().Maxwell3D().regs.rt[index]};
+    SurfaceParams params;
+    params.is_tiled =
+        config.memory_layout.type == Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::InvMemoryLayout::BlockLinear;
+    params.srgb_conversion = config.format == Tegra::RenderTargetFormat::BGRA8_SRGB ||
+                             config.format == Tegra::RenderTargetFormat::RGBA8_SRGB;
+    params.block_width = config.memory_layout.block_width;
+    params.block_height = config.memory_layout.block_height;
+    params.block_depth = config.memory_layout.block_depth;
+    params.tile_width_spacing = 1;
+    params.pixel_format = PixelFormatFromRenderTargetFormat(config.format);
+    params.component_type = ComponentTypeFromRenderTarget(config.format);
+    params.type = GetFormatType(params.pixel_format);
+    if (params.is_tiled) {
+        params.pitch = 0;
+        params.width = config.width;
+    } else {
+        const u32 bpp = GetFormatBpp(params.pixel_format) / CHAR_BIT;
+        params.pitch = config.width;
+        params.width = params.pitch / bpp;
+    }
+    params.height = config.height;
+    params.depth = 1;
+    params.target = SurfaceTarget::Texture2D;
+    params.num_levels = 1;
+    params.emulated_levels = 1;
+    params.is_layered = false;
+    return params;
+}
+
+SurfaceParams SurfaceParams::CreateForFermiCopySurface(
+    const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Regs::Surface& config) {
+    SurfaceParams params{};
+    params.is_tiled = !config.linear;
+    params.srgb_conversion = config.format == Tegra::RenderTargetFormat::BGRA8_SRGB ||
+                             config.format == Tegra::RenderTargetFormat::RGBA8_SRGB;
+    params.block_width = params.is_tiled ? std::min(config.BlockWidth(), 5U) : 0,
+    params.block_height = params.is_tiled ? std::min(config.BlockHeight(), 5U) : 0,
+    params.block_depth = params.is_tiled ? std::min(config.BlockDepth(), 5U) : 0,
+    params.tile_width_spacing = 1;
+    params.pixel_format = PixelFormatFromRenderTargetFormat(config.format);
+    params.component_type = ComponentTypeFromRenderTarget(config.format);
+    params.type = GetFormatType(params.pixel_format);
+    params.width = config.width;
+    params.height = config.height;
+    params.pitch = config.pitch;
+    // TODO(Rodrigo): Try to guess the surface target from depth and layer parameters
+    params.target = SurfaceTarget::Texture2D;
+    params.depth = 1;
+    params.num_levels = 1;
+    params.emulated_levels = 1;
+    params.is_layered = params.IsLayered();
+    return params;
+}
+
+bool SurfaceParams::IsLayered() const {
+    switch (target) {
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture1DArray:
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture2DArray:
+    case SurfaceTarget::TextureCubemap:
+    case SurfaceTarget::TextureCubeArray:
+        return true;
+    default:
+        return false;
+    }
+}
+
+// Auto block resizing algorithm from:
+// https://cgit.freedesktop.org/mesa/mesa/tree/src/gallium/drivers/nouveau/nv50/nv50_miptree.c
+u32 SurfaceParams::GetMipBlockHeight(u32 level) const {
+    if (level == 0) {
+        return this->block_height;
+    }
+
+    const u32 height_new{GetMipHeight(level)};
+    const u32 default_block_height{GetDefaultBlockHeight()};
+    const u32 blocks_in_y{(height_new + default_block_height - 1) / default_block_height};
+    const u32 block_height_new = Common::Log2Ceil32(blocks_in_y);
+    return std::clamp(block_height_new, 3U, 7U) - 3U;
+}
+
+u32 SurfaceParams::GetMipBlockDepth(u32 level) const {
+    if (level == 0) {
+        return this->block_depth;
+    }
+    if (is_layered) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    const u32 depth_new{GetMipDepth(level)};
+    const u32 block_depth_new = Common::Log2Ceil32(depth_new);
+    if (block_depth_new > 4) {
+        return 5 - (GetMipBlockHeight(level) >= 2);
+    }
+    return block_depth_new;
+}
+
+std::size_t SurfaceParams::GetGuestMipmapLevelOffset(u32 level) const {
+    std::size_t offset = 0;
+    for (u32 i = 0; i < level; i++) {
+        offset += GetInnerMipmapMemorySize(i, false, false);
+    }
+    return offset;
+}
+
+std::size_t SurfaceParams::GetHostMipmapLevelOffset(u32 level) const {
+    std::size_t offset = 0;
+    for (u32 i = 0; i < level; i++) {
+        offset += GetInnerMipmapMemorySize(i, true, false) * GetNumLayers();
+    }
+    return offset;
+}
+
+std::size_t SurfaceParams::GetConvertedMipmapOffset(u32 level) const {
+    std::size_t offset = 0;
+    for (u32 i = 0; i < level; i++) {
+        offset += GetConvertedMipmapSize(i);
+    }
+    return offset;
+}
+
+std::size_t SurfaceParams::GetConvertedMipmapSize(u32 level) const {
+    constexpr std::size_t rgba8_bpp = 4ULL;
+    const std::size_t width_t = GetMipWidth(level);
+    const std::size_t height_t = GetMipHeight(level);
+    const std::size_t depth_t = is_layered ? depth : GetMipDepth(level);
+    return width_t * height_t * depth_t * rgba8_bpp;
+}
+
+std::size_t SurfaceParams::GetLayerSize(bool as_host_size, bool uncompressed) const {
+    std::size_t size = 0;
+    for (u32 level = 0; level < num_levels; ++level) {
+        size += GetInnerMipmapMemorySize(level, as_host_size, uncompressed);
+    }
+    if (is_tiled && is_layered) {
+        return Common::AlignBits(size,
+                                 Tegra::Texture::GetGOBSizeShift() + block_height + block_depth);
+    }
+    return size;
+}
+
+std::size_t SurfaceParams::GetInnerMipmapMemorySize(u32 level, bool as_host_size,
+                                                    bool uncompressed) const {
+    const bool tiled{as_host_size ? false : is_tiled};
+    const u32 width{GetMipmapSize(uncompressed, GetMipWidth(level), GetDefaultBlockWidth())};
+    const u32 height{GetMipmapSize(uncompressed, GetMipHeight(level), GetDefaultBlockHeight())};
+    const u32 depth{is_layered ? 1U : GetMipDepth(level)};
+    return Tegra::Texture::CalculateSize(tiled, GetBytesPerPixel(), width, height, depth,
+                                         GetMipBlockHeight(level), GetMipBlockDepth(level));
+}
+
+bool SurfaceParams::operator==(const SurfaceParams& rhs) const {
+    return std::tie(is_tiled, block_width, block_height, block_depth, tile_width_spacing, width,
+                    height, depth, pitch, num_levels, pixel_format, component_type, type, target) ==
+           std::tie(rhs.is_tiled, rhs.block_width, rhs.block_height, rhs.block_depth,
+                    rhs.tile_width_spacing, rhs.width, rhs.height, rhs.depth, rhs.pitch,
+                    rhs.num_levels, rhs.pixel_format, rhs.component_type, rhs.type, rhs.target);
+}
+
+std::string SurfaceParams::TargetName() const {
+    switch (target) {
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture1D:
+        return "1D";
+    case SurfaceTarget::TextureBuffer:
+        return "TexBuffer";
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture2D:
+        return "2D";
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture3D:
+        return "3D";
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture1DArray:
+        return "1DArray";
+    case SurfaceTarget::Texture2DArray:
+        return "2DArray";
+    case SurfaceTarget::TextureCubemap:
+        return "Cube";
+    case SurfaceTarget::TextureCubeArray:
+        return "CubeArray";
+    default:
+        LOG_CRITICAL(HW_GPU, "Unimplemented surface_target={}", static_cast<u32>(target));
+        UNREACHABLE();
+        return fmt::format("TUK({})", static_cast<u32>(target));
+    }
+}
+
+} // namespace VideoCommon

src/video_core/texture_cache/surface_params.h

@@ -0,0 +1,286 @@
+// Copyright 2019 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <map>
+
+#include "common/alignment.h"
+#include "common/bit_util.h"
+#include "common/cityhash.h"
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "video_core/engines/fermi_2d.h"
+#include "video_core/engines/maxwell_3d.h"
+#include "video_core/shader/shader_ir.h"
+#include "video_core/surface.h"
+#include "video_core/textures/decoders.h"
+
+namespace VideoCommon {
+
+using VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceCompression;
+
+class SurfaceParams {
+public:
+    /// Creates SurfaceCachedParams from a texture configuration.
+    static SurfaceParams CreateForTexture(Core::System& system,
+                                          const Tegra::Texture::FullTextureInfo& config,
+                                          const VideoCommon::Shader::Sampler& entry);
+
+    /// Creates SurfaceCachedParams for a depth buffer configuration.
+    static SurfaceParams CreateForDepthBuffer(
+        Core::System& system, u32 zeta_width, u32 zeta_height, Tegra::DepthFormat format,
+        u32 block_width, u32 block_height, u32 block_depth,
+        Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::InvMemoryLayout type);
+
+    /// Creates SurfaceCachedParams from a framebuffer configuration.
+    static SurfaceParams CreateForFramebuffer(Core::System& system, std::size_t index);
+
+    /// Creates SurfaceCachedParams from a Fermi2D surface configuration.
+    static SurfaceParams CreateForFermiCopySurface(
+        const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Regs::Surface& config);
+
+    std::size_t Hash() const {
+        return static_cast<std::size_t>(
+            Common::CityHash64(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(this), sizeof(*this)));
+    }
+
+    bool operator==(const SurfaceParams& rhs) const;
+
+    bool operator!=(const SurfaceParams& rhs) const {
+        return !operator==(rhs);
+    }
+
+    std::size_t GetGuestSizeInBytes() const {
+        return GetInnerMemorySize(false, false, false);
+    }
+
+    std::size_t GetHostSizeInBytes() const {
+        std::size_t host_size_in_bytes;
+        if (GetCompressionType() == SurfaceCompression::Converted) {
+            constexpr std::size_t rgb8_bpp = 4ULL;
+            // ASTC is uncompressed in software, in emulated as RGBA8
+            host_size_in_bytes = 0;
+            for (u32 level = 0; level < num_levels; ++level) {
+                host_size_in_bytes += GetConvertedMipmapSize(level);
+            }
+        } else {
+            host_size_in_bytes = GetInnerMemorySize(true, false, false);
+        }
+        return host_size_in_bytes;
+    }
+
+    u32 GetBlockAlignedWidth() const {
+        return Common::AlignUp(width, 64 / GetBytesPerPixel());
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the width of a given mipmap level.
+    u32 GetMipWidth(u32 level) const {
+        return std::max(1U, width >> level);
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the height of a given mipmap level.
+    u32 GetMipHeight(u32 level) const {
+        return std::max(1U, height >> level);
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the depth of a given mipmap level.
+    u32 GetMipDepth(u32 level) const {
+        return is_layered ? depth : std::max(1U, depth >> level);
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the block height of a given mipmap level.
+    u32 GetMipBlockHeight(u32 level) const;
+
+    /// Returns the block depth of a given mipmap level.
+    u32 GetMipBlockDepth(u32 level) const;
+
+    /// Returns the best possible row/pitch alignment for the surface.
+    u32 GetRowAlignment(u32 level) const {
+        const u32 bpp =
+            GetCompressionType() == SurfaceCompression::Converted ? 4 : GetBytesPerPixel();
+        return 1U << Common::CountTrailingZeroes32(GetMipWidth(level) * bpp);
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the offset in bytes in guest memory of a given mipmap level.
+    std::size_t GetGuestMipmapLevelOffset(u32 level) const;
+
+    /// Returns the offset in bytes in host memory (linear) of a given mipmap level.
+    std::size_t GetHostMipmapLevelOffset(u32 level) const;
+
+    /// Returns the offset in bytes in host memory (linear) of a given mipmap level
+    /// for a texture that is converted in host gpu.
+    std::size_t GetConvertedMipmapOffset(u32 level) const;
+
+    /// Returns the size in bytes in guest memory of a given mipmap level.
+    std::size_t GetGuestMipmapSize(u32 level) const {
+        return GetInnerMipmapMemorySize(level, false, false);
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the size in bytes in host memory (linear) of a given mipmap level.
+    std::size_t GetHostMipmapSize(u32 level) const {
+        return GetInnerMipmapMemorySize(level, true, false) * GetNumLayers();
+    }
+
+    std::size_t GetConvertedMipmapSize(u32 level) const;
+
+    /// Returns the size of a layer in bytes in guest memory.
+    std::size_t GetGuestLayerSize() const {
+        return GetLayerSize(false, false);
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the size of a layer in bytes in host memory for a given mipmap level.
+    std::size_t GetHostLayerSize(u32 level) const {
+        ASSERT(target != VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceTarget::Texture3D);
+        return GetInnerMipmapMemorySize(level, true, false);
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the max possible mipmap that the texture can have in host gpu
+    u32 MaxPossibleMipmap() const {
+        const u32 max_mipmap_w = Common::Log2Ceil32(width) + 1U;
+        const u32 max_mipmap_h = Common::Log2Ceil32(height) + 1U;
+        const u32 max_mipmap = std::max(max_mipmap_w, max_mipmap_h);
+        if (target != VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceTarget::Texture3D)
+            return max_mipmap;
+        return std::max(max_mipmap, Common::Log2Ceil32(depth) + 1U);
+    }
+
+    /// Returns if the guest surface is a compressed surface.
+    bool IsCompressed() const {
+        return GetDefaultBlockHeight() > 1 || GetDefaultBlockWidth() > 1;
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the default block width.
+    u32 GetDefaultBlockWidth() const {
+        return VideoCore::Surface::GetDefaultBlockWidth(pixel_format);
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the default block height.
+    u32 GetDefaultBlockHeight() const {
+        return VideoCore::Surface::GetDefaultBlockHeight(pixel_format);
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the bits per pixel.
+    u32 GetBitsPerPixel() const {
+        return VideoCore::Surface::GetFormatBpp(pixel_format);
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the bytes per pixel.
+    u32 GetBytesPerPixel() const {
+        return VideoCore::Surface::GetBytesPerPixel(pixel_format);
+    }
+
+    /// Returns true if the pixel format is a depth and/or stencil format.
+    bool IsPixelFormatZeta() const {
+        return pixel_format >= VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat::MaxColorFormat &&
+               pixel_format < VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat::MaxDepthStencilFormat;
+    }
+
+    /// Returns how the compression should be handled for this texture.
+    SurfaceCompression GetCompressionType() const {
+        return VideoCore::Surface::GetFormatCompressionType(pixel_format);
+    }
+
+    /// Returns is the surface is a TextureBuffer type of surface.
+    bool IsBuffer() const {
+        return target == VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceTarget::TextureBuffer;
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the debug name of the texture for use in graphic debuggers.
+    std::string TargetName() const;
+
+    // Helper used for out of class size calculations
+    static std::size_t AlignLayered(const std::size_t out_size, const u32 block_height,
+                                    const u32 block_depth) {
+        return Common::AlignBits(out_size,
+                                 Tegra::Texture::GetGOBSizeShift() + block_height + block_depth);
+    }
+
+    /// Converts a width from a type of surface into another. This helps represent the
+    /// equivalent value between compressed/non-compressed textures.
+    static u32 ConvertWidth(u32 width, VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat pixel_format_from,
+                            VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat pixel_format_to) {
+        const u32 bw1 = VideoCore::Surface::GetDefaultBlockWidth(pixel_format_from);
+        const u32 bw2 = VideoCore::Surface::GetDefaultBlockWidth(pixel_format_to);
+        return (width * bw2 + bw1 - 1) / bw1;
+    }
+
+    /// Converts a height from a type of surface into another. This helps represent the
+    /// equivalent value between compressed/non-compressed textures.
+    static u32 ConvertHeight(u32 height, VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat pixel_format_from,
+                             VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat pixel_format_to) {
+        const u32 bh1 = VideoCore::Surface::GetDefaultBlockHeight(pixel_format_from);
+        const u32 bh2 = VideoCore::Surface::GetDefaultBlockHeight(pixel_format_to);
+        return (height * bh2 + bh1 - 1) / bh1;
+    }
+
+    // Finds the maximun possible width between 2 2D layers of different formats
+    static u32 IntersectWidth(const SurfaceParams& src_params, const SurfaceParams& dst_params,
+                              const u32 src_level, const u32 dst_level) {
+        const u32 bw1 = src_params.GetDefaultBlockWidth();
+        const u32 bw2 = dst_params.GetDefaultBlockWidth();
+        const u32 t_src_width = (src_params.GetMipWidth(src_level) * bw2 + bw1 - 1) / bw1;
+        const u32 t_dst_width = (dst_params.GetMipWidth(dst_level) * bw1 + bw2 - 1) / bw2;
+        return std::min(t_src_width, t_dst_width);
+    }
+
+    // Finds the maximun possible height between 2 2D layers of different formats
+    static u32 IntersectHeight(const SurfaceParams& src_params, const SurfaceParams& dst_params,
+                               const u32 src_level, const u32 dst_level) {
+        const u32 bh1 = src_params.GetDefaultBlockHeight();
+        const u32 bh2 = dst_params.GetDefaultBlockHeight();
+        const u32 t_src_height = (src_params.GetMipHeight(src_level) * bh2 + bh1 - 1) / bh1;
+        const u32 t_dst_height = (dst_params.GetMipHeight(dst_level) * bh1 + bh2 - 1) / bh2;
+        return std::min(t_src_height, t_dst_height);
+    }
+
+    bool is_tiled;
+    bool srgb_conversion;
+    bool is_layered;
+    u32 block_width;
+    u32 block_height;
+    u32 block_depth;
+    u32 tile_width_spacing;
+    u32 width;
+    u32 height;
+    u32 depth;
+    u32 pitch;
+    u32 num_levels;
+    u32 emulated_levels;
+    VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat pixel_format;
+    VideoCore::Surface::ComponentType component_type;
+    VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceType type;
+    VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceTarget target;
+
+private:
+    /// Returns the size of a given mipmap level inside a layer.
+    std::size_t GetInnerMipmapMemorySize(u32 level, bool as_host_size, bool uncompressed) const;
+
+    /// Returns the size of all mipmap levels and aligns as needed.
+    std::size_t GetInnerMemorySize(bool as_host_size, bool layer_only, bool uncompressed) const {
+        return GetLayerSize(as_host_size, uncompressed) * (layer_only ? 1U : depth);
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the size of a layer
+    std::size_t GetLayerSize(bool as_host_size, bool uncompressed) const;
+
+    std::size_t GetNumLayers() const {
+        return is_layered ? depth : 1;
+    }
+
+    /// Returns true if these parameters are from a layered surface.
+    bool IsLayered() const;
+};
+
+} // namespace VideoCommon
+
+namespace std {
+
+template <>
+struct hash<VideoCommon::SurfaceParams> {
+    std::size_t operator()(const VideoCommon::SurfaceParams& k) const noexcept {
+        return k.Hash();
+    }
+};
+
+} // namespace std

src/video_core/texture_cache/surface_view.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+// Copyright 2019 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#include <tuple>
+
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/surface_view.h"
+
+namespace VideoCommon {
+
+std::size_t ViewParams::Hash() const {
+    return static_cast<std::size_t>(base_layer) ^ static_cast<std::size_t>(num_layers << 16) ^
+           (static_cast<std::size_t>(base_level) << 24) ^
+           (static_cast<std::size_t>(num_levels) << 32) ^ (static_cast<std::size_t>(target) << 36);
+}
+
+bool ViewParams::operator==(const ViewParams& rhs) const {
+    return std::tie(base_layer, num_layers, base_level, num_levels, target) ==
+           std::tie(rhs.base_layer, rhs.num_layers, rhs.base_level, rhs.num_levels, rhs.target);
+}
+
+} // namespace VideoCommon

src/video_core/texture_cache/surface_view.h

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+// Copyright 2019 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <functional>
+
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "video_core/surface.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/surface_params.h"
+
+namespace VideoCommon {
+
+struct ViewParams {
+    ViewParams(VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceTarget target, u32 base_layer, u32 num_layers,
+               u32 base_level, u32 num_levels)
+        : target{target}, base_layer{base_layer}, num_layers{num_layers}, base_level{base_level},
+          num_levels{num_levels} {}
+
+    std::size_t Hash() const;
+
+    bool operator==(const ViewParams& rhs) const;
+
+    VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceTarget target{};
+    u32 base_layer{};
+    u32 num_layers{};
+    u32 base_level{};
+    u32 num_levels{};
+
+    bool IsLayered() const {
+        switch (target) {
+        case VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceTarget::Texture1DArray:
+        case VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceTarget::Texture2DArray:
+        case VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceTarget::TextureCubemap:
+        case VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceTarget::TextureCubeArray:
+            return true;
+        default:
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+};
+
+class ViewBase {
+public:
+    ViewBase(const ViewParams& params) : params{params} {}
+
+    const ViewParams& GetViewParams() const {
+        return params;
+    }
+
+protected:
+    ViewParams params;
+};
+
+} // namespace VideoCommon
+
+namespace std {
+
+template <>
+struct hash<VideoCommon::ViewParams> {
+    std::size_t operator()(const VideoCommon::ViewParams& k) const noexcept {
+        return k.Hash();
+    }
+};
+
+} // namespace std

src/video_core/texture_cache/texture_cache.h

@@ -0,0 +1,814 @@
+// Copyright 2019 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv2 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <array>
+#include <memory>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <set>
+#include <tuple>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <boost/icl/interval_map.hpp>
+#include <boost/range/iterator_range.hpp>
+
+#include "common/assert.h"
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "common/math_util.h"
+#include "core/core.h"
+#include "core/memory.h"
+#include "core/settings.h"
+#include "video_core/engines/fermi_2d.h"
+#include "video_core/engines/maxwell_3d.h"
+#include "video_core/gpu.h"
+#include "video_core/memory_manager.h"
+#include "video_core/rasterizer_interface.h"
+#include "video_core/surface.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/copy_params.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/surface_base.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/surface_params.h"
+#include "video_core/texture_cache/surface_view.h"
+
+namespace Tegra::Texture {
+struct FullTextureInfo;
+}
+
+namespace VideoCore {
+class RasterizerInterface;
+}
+
+namespace VideoCommon {
+
+using VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat;
+
+using VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceTarget;
+using RenderTargetConfig = Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::RenderTargetConfig;
+
+template <typename TSurface, typename TView>
+class TextureCache {
+    using IntervalMap = boost::icl::interval_map<CacheAddr, std::set<TSurface>>;
+    using IntervalType = typename IntervalMap::interval_type;
+
+public:
+    void InvalidateRegion(CacheAddr addr, std::size_t size) {
+        std::lock_guard lock{mutex};
+
+        for (const auto& surface : GetSurfacesInRegion(addr, size)) {
+            Unregister(surface);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /***
+     * `Guard` guarantees that rendertargets don't unregister themselves if the
+     * collide. Protection is currently only done on 3D slices.
+     ***/
+    void GuardRenderTargets(bool new_guard) {
+        guard_render_targets = new_guard;
+    }
+
+    void GuardSamplers(bool new_guard) {
+        guard_samplers = new_guard;
+    }
+
+    void FlushRegion(CacheAddr addr, std::size_t size) {
+        std::lock_guard lock{mutex};
+
+        auto surfaces = GetSurfacesInRegion(addr, size);
+        if (surfaces.empty()) {
+            return;
+        }
+        std::sort(surfaces.begin(), surfaces.end(), [](const TSurface& a, const TSurface& b) {
+            return a->GetModificationTick() < b->GetModificationTick();
+        });
+        for (const auto& surface : surfaces) {
+            FlushSurface(surface);
+        }
+    }
+
+    TView GetTextureSurface(const Tegra::Texture::FullTextureInfo& config,
+                            const VideoCommon::Shader::Sampler& entry) {
+        std::lock_guard lock{mutex};
+        const auto gpu_addr{config.tic.Address()};
+        if (!gpu_addr) {
+            return {};
+        }
+        const auto params{SurfaceParams::CreateForTexture(system, config, entry)};
+        const auto [surface, view] = GetSurface(gpu_addr, params, true, false);
+        if (guard_samplers) {
+            sampled_textures.push_back(surface);
+        }
+        return view;
+    }
+
+    bool TextureBarrier() {
+        const bool any_rt =
+            std::any_of(sampled_textures.begin(), sampled_textures.end(),
+                        [](const auto& surface) { return surface->IsRenderTarget(); });
+        sampled_textures.clear();
+        return any_rt;
+    }
+
+    TView GetDepthBufferSurface(bool preserve_contents) {
+        std::lock_guard lock{mutex};
+        auto& maxwell3d = system.GPU().Maxwell3D();
+
+        if (!maxwell3d.dirty_flags.zeta_buffer) {
+            return depth_buffer.view;
+        }
+        maxwell3d.dirty_flags.zeta_buffer = false;
+
+        const auto& regs{maxwell3d.regs};
+        const auto gpu_addr{regs.zeta.Address()};
+        if (!gpu_addr || !regs.zeta_enable) {
+            SetEmptyDepthBuffer();
+            return {};
+        }
+        const auto depth_params{SurfaceParams::CreateForDepthBuffer(
+            system, regs.zeta_width, regs.zeta_height, regs.zeta.format,
+            regs.zeta.memory_layout.block_width, regs.zeta.memory_layout.block_height,
+            regs.zeta.memory_layout.block_depth, regs.zeta.memory_layout.type)};
+        auto surface_view = GetSurface(gpu_addr, depth_params, preserve_contents, true);
+        if (depth_buffer.target)
+            depth_buffer.target->MarkAsRenderTarget(false);
+        depth_buffer.target = surface_view.first;
+        depth_buffer.view = surface_view.second;
+        if (depth_buffer.target)
+            depth_buffer.target->MarkAsRenderTarget(true);
+        return surface_view.second;
+    }
+
+    TView GetColorBufferSurface(std::size_t index, bool preserve_contents) {
+        std::lock_guard lock{mutex};
+        ASSERT(index < Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::NumRenderTargets);
+        auto& maxwell3d = system.GPU().Maxwell3D();
+        if (!maxwell3d.dirty_flags.color_buffer[index]) {
+            return render_targets[index].view;
+        }
+        maxwell3d.dirty_flags.color_buffer.reset(index);
+
+        const auto& regs{maxwell3d.regs};
+        if (index >= regs.rt_control.count || regs.rt[index].Address() == 0 ||
+            regs.rt[index].format == Tegra::RenderTargetFormat::NONE) {
+            SetEmptyColorBuffer(index);
+            return {};
+        }
+
+        const auto& config{regs.rt[index]};
+        const auto gpu_addr{config.Address()};
+        if (!gpu_addr) {
+            SetEmptyColorBuffer(index);
+            return {};
+        }
+
+        auto surface_view = GetSurface(gpu_addr, SurfaceParams::CreateForFramebuffer(system, index),
+                                       preserve_contents, true);
+        if (render_targets[index].target)
+            render_targets[index].target->MarkAsRenderTarget(false);
+        render_targets[index].target = surface_view.first;
+        render_targets[index].view = surface_view.second;
+        if (render_targets[index].target)
+            render_targets[index].target->MarkAsRenderTarget(true);
+        return surface_view.second;
+    }
+
+    void MarkColorBufferInUse(std::size_t index) {
+        if (auto& render_target = render_targets[index].target) {
+            render_target->MarkAsModified(true, Tick());
+        }
+    }
+
+    void MarkDepthBufferInUse() {
+        if (depth_buffer.target) {
+            depth_buffer.target->MarkAsModified(true, Tick());
+        }
+    }
+
+    void SetEmptyDepthBuffer() {
+        if (depth_buffer.target == nullptr) {
+            return;
+        }
+        depth_buffer.target->MarkAsRenderTarget(false);
+        depth_buffer.target = nullptr;
+        depth_buffer.view = nullptr;
+    }
+
+    void SetEmptyColorBuffer(std::size_t index) {
+        if (render_targets[index].target == nullptr) {
+            return;
+        }
+        render_targets[index].target->MarkAsRenderTarget(false);
+        render_targets[index].target = nullptr;
+        render_targets[index].view = nullptr;
+    }
+
+    void DoFermiCopy(const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Regs::Surface& src_config,
+                     const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Regs::Surface& dst_config,
+                     const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Config& copy_config) {
+        std::lock_guard lock{mutex};
+        std::pair<TSurface, TView> dst_surface = GetFermiSurface(dst_config);
+        std::pair<TSurface, TView> src_surface = GetFermiSurface(src_config);
+        ImageBlit(src_surface.second, dst_surface.second, copy_config);
+        dst_surface.first->MarkAsModified(true, Tick());
+    }
+
+    TSurface TryFindFramebufferSurface(const u8* host_ptr) {
+        const CacheAddr cache_addr = ToCacheAddr(host_ptr);
+        if (!cache_addr) {
+            return nullptr;
+        }
+        const CacheAddr page = cache_addr >> registry_page_bits;
+        std::vector<TSurface>& list = registry[page];
+        for (auto& surface : list) {
+            if (surface->GetCacheAddr() == cache_addr) {
+                return surface;
+            }
+        }
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    u64 Tick() {
+        return ++ticks;
+    }
+
+protected:
+    TextureCache(Core::System& system, VideoCore::RasterizerInterface& rasterizer)
+        : system{system}, rasterizer{rasterizer} {
+        for (std::size_t i = 0; i < Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::NumRenderTargets; i++) {
+            SetEmptyColorBuffer(i);
+        }
+
+        SetEmptyDepthBuffer();
+        staging_cache.SetSize(2);
+
+        const auto make_siblings = [this](PixelFormat a, PixelFormat b) {
+            siblings_table[static_cast<std::size_t>(a)] = b;
+            siblings_table[static_cast<std::size_t>(b)] = a;
+        };
+        std::fill(siblings_table.begin(), siblings_table.end(), PixelFormat::Invalid);
+        make_siblings(PixelFormat::Z16, PixelFormat::R16U);
+        make_siblings(PixelFormat::Z32F, PixelFormat::R32F);
+        make_siblings(PixelFormat::Z32FS8, PixelFormat::RG32F);
+
+        sampled_textures.reserve(64);
+    }
+
+    ~TextureCache() = default;
+
+    virtual TSurface CreateSurface(GPUVAddr gpu_addr, const SurfaceParams& params) = 0;
+
+    virtual void ImageCopy(TSurface& src_surface, TSurface& dst_surface,
+                           const CopyParams& copy_params) = 0;
+
+    virtual void ImageBlit(TView& src_view, TView& dst_view,
+                           const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Config& copy_config) = 0;
+
+    // Depending on the backend, a buffer copy can be slow as it means deoptimizing the texture
+    // and reading it from a sepparate buffer.
+    virtual void BufferCopy(TSurface& src_surface, TSurface& dst_surface) = 0;
+
+    void Register(TSurface surface) {
+        const GPUVAddr gpu_addr = surface->GetGpuAddr();
+        const CacheAddr cache_ptr = ToCacheAddr(system.GPU().MemoryManager().GetPointer(gpu_addr));
+        const std::size_t size = surface->GetSizeInBytes();
+        const std::optional<VAddr> cpu_addr =
+            system.GPU().MemoryManager().GpuToCpuAddress(gpu_addr);
+        if (!cache_ptr || !cpu_addr) {
+            LOG_CRITICAL(HW_GPU, "Failed to register surface with unmapped gpu_address 0x{:016x}",
+                         gpu_addr);
+            return;
+        }
+        const bool continuous = system.GPU().MemoryManager().IsBlockContinuous(gpu_addr, size);
+        surface->MarkAsContinuous(continuous);
+        surface->SetCacheAddr(cache_ptr);
+        surface->SetCpuAddr(*cpu_addr);
+        RegisterInnerCache(surface);
+        surface->MarkAsRegistered(true);
+        rasterizer.UpdatePagesCachedCount(*cpu_addr, size, 1);
+    }
+
+    void Unregister(TSurface surface) {
+        if (guard_render_targets && surface->IsProtected()) {
+            return;
+        }
+        const GPUVAddr gpu_addr = surface->GetGpuAddr();
+        const CacheAddr cache_ptr = surface->GetCacheAddr();
+        const std::size_t size = surface->GetSizeInBytes();
+        const VAddr cpu_addr = surface->GetCpuAddr();
+        rasterizer.UpdatePagesCachedCount(cpu_addr, size, -1);
+        UnregisterInnerCache(surface);
+        surface->MarkAsRegistered(false);
+        ReserveSurface(surface->GetSurfaceParams(), surface);
+    }
+
+    TSurface GetUncachedSurface(const GPUVAddr gpu_addr, const SurfaceParams& params) {
+        if (const auto surface = TryGetReservedSurface(params); surface) {
+            surface->SetGpuAddr(gpu_addr);
+            return surface;
+        }
+        // No reserved surface available, create a new one and reserve it
+        auto new_surface{CreateSurface(gpu_addr, params)};
+        return new_surface;
+    }
+
+    std::pair<TSurface, TView> GetFermiSurface(
+        const Tegra::Engines::Fermi2D::Regs::Surface& config) {
+        SurfaceParams params = SurfaceParams::CreateForFermiCopySurface(config);
+        const GPUVAddr gpu_addr = config.Address();
+        return GetSurface(gpu_addr, params, true, false);
+    }
+
+    Core::System& system;
+
+private:
+    enum class RecycleStrategy : u32 {
+        Ignore = 0,
+        Flush = 1,
+        BufferCopy = 3,
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * `PickStrategy` takes care of selecting a proper strategy to deal with a texture recycle.
+     * @param overlaps, the overlapping surfaces registered in the cache.
+     * @param params, the paremeters on the new surface.
+     * @param gpu_addr, the starting address of the new surface.
+     * @param untopological, tells the recycler that the texture has no way to match the overlaps
+     * due to topological reasons.
+     **/
+    RecycleStrategy PickStrategy(std::vector<TSurface>& overlaps, const SurfaceParams& params,
+                                 const GPUVAddr gpu_addr, const MatchTopologyResult untopological) {
+        if (Settings::values.use_accurate_gpu_emulation) {
+            return RecycleStrategy::Flush;
+        }
+        // 3D Textures decision
+        if (params.block_depth > 1 || params.target == SurfaceTarget::Texture3D) {
+            return RecycleStrategy::Flush;
+        }
+        for (auto s : overlaps) {
+            const auto& s_params = s->GetSurfaceParams();
+            if (s_params.block_depth > 1 || s_params.target == SurfaceTarget::Texture3D) {
+                return RecycleStrategy::Flush;
+            }
+        }
+        // Untopological decision
+        if (untopological == MatchTopologyResult::CompressUnmatch) {
+            return RecycleStrategy::Flush;
+        }
+        if (untopological == MatchTopologyResult::FullMatch && !params.is_tiled) {
+            return RecycleStrategy::Flush;
+        }
+        return RecycleStrategy::Ignore;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     *  `RecycleSurface` es a method we use to decide what to do with textures we can't resolve in
+     *the cache It has 2 implemented strategies: Ignore and Flush. Ignore just unregisters all the
+     *overlaps and loads the new texture. Flush, flushes all the overlaps into memory and loads the
+     *new surface from that data.
+     * @param overlaps, the overlapping surfaces registered in the cache.
+     * @param params, the paremeters on the new surface.
+     * @param gpu_addr, the starting address of the new surface.
+     * @param preserve_contents, tells if the new surface should be loaded from meory or left blank
+     * @param untopological, tells the recycler that the texture has no way to match the overlaps
+     * due to topological reasons.
+     **/
+    std::pair<TSurface, TView> RecycleSurface(std::vector<TSurface>& overlaps,
+                                              const SurfaceParams& params, const GPUVAddr gpu_addr,
+                                              const bool preserve_contents,
+                                              const MatchTopologyResult untopological) {
+        const bool do_load = preserve_contents && Settings::values.use_accurate_gpu_emulation;
+        for (auto& surface : overlaps) {
+            Unregister(surface);
+        }
+        switch (PickStrategy(overlaps, params, gpu_addr, untopological)) {
+        case RecycleStrategy::Ignore: {
+            return InitializeSurface(gpu_addr, params, do_load);
+        }
+        case RecycleStrategy::Flush: {
+            std::sort(overlaps.begin(), overlaps.end(),
+                      [](const TSurface& a, const TSurface& b) -> bool {
+                          return a->GetModificationTick() < b->GetModificationTick();
+                      });
+            for (auto& surface : overlaps) {
+                FlushSurface(surface);
+            }
+            return InitializeSurface(gpu_addr, params, preserve_contents);
+        }
+        case RecycleStrategy::BufferCopy: {
+            auto new_surface = GetUncachedSurface(gpu_addr, params);
+            BufferCopy(overlaps[0], new_surface);
+            return {new_surface, new_surface->GetMainView()};
+        }
+        default: {
+            UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG("Unimplemented Texture Cache Recycling Strategy!");
+            return InitializeSurface(gpu_addr, params, do_load);
+        }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * `RebuildSurface` this method takes a single surface and recreates into another that
+     * may differ in format, target or width alingment.
+     * @param current_surface, the registered surface in the cache which we want to convert.
+     * @param params, the new surface params which we'll use to recreate the surface.
+     **/
+    std::pair<TSurface, TView> RebuildSurface(TSurface current_surface, const SurfaceParams& params,
+                                              bool is_render) {
+        const auto gpu_addr = current_surface->GetGpuAddr();
+        const auto& cr_params = current_surface->GetSurfaceParams();
+        TSurface new_surface;
+        if (cr_params.pixel_format != params.pixel_format && !is_render &&
+            GetSiblingFormat(cr_params.pixel_format) == params.pixel_format) {
+            SurfaceParams new_params = params;
+            new_params.pixel_format = cr_params.pixel_format;
+            new_params.component_type = cr_params.component_type;
+            new_params.type = cr_params.type;
+            new_surface = GetUncachedSurface(gpu_addr, new_params);
+        } else {
+            new_surface = GetUncachedSurface(gpu_addr, params);
+        }
+        const auto& final_params = new_surface->GetSurfaceParams();
+        if (cr_params.type != final_params.type ||
+            (cr_params.component_type != final_params.component_type)) {
+            BufferCopy(current_surface, new_surface);
+        } else {
+            std::vector<CopyParams> bricks = current_surface->BreakDown(final_params);
+            for (auto& brick : bricks) {
+                ImageCopy(current_surface, new_surface, brick);
+            }
+        }
+        Unregister(current_surface);
+        Register(new_surface);
+        new_surface->MarkAsModified(current_surface->IsModified(), Tick());
+        return {new_surface, new_surface->GetMainView()};
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * `ManageStructuralMatch` this method takes a single surface and checks with the new surface's
+     * params if it's an exact match, we return the main view of the registered surface. If it's
+     * formats don't match, we rebuild the surface. We call this last method a `Mirage`. If formats
+     * match but the targets don't, we create an overview View of the registered surface.
+     * @param current_surface, the registered surface in the cache which we want to convert.
+     * @param params, the new surface params which we want to check.
+     **/
+    std::pair<TSurface, TView> ManageStructuralMatch(TSurface current_surface,
+                                                     const SurfaceParams& params, bool is_render) {
+        const bool is_mirage = !current_surface->MatchFormat(params.pixel_format);
+        const bool matches_target = current_surface->MatchTarget(params.target);
+        const auto match_check = [&]() -> std::pair<TSurface, TView> {
+            if (matches_target) {
+                return {current_surface, current_surface->GetMainView()};
+            }
+            return {current_surface, current_surface->EmplaceOverview(params)};
+        };
+        if (!is_mirage) {
+            return match_check();
+        }
+        if (!is_render && GetSiblingFormat(current_surface->GetFormat()) == params.pixel_format) {
+            return match_check();
+        }
+        return RebuildSurface(current_surface, params, is_render);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * `TryReconstructSurface` unlike `RebuildSurface` where we know the registered surface
+     * matches the candidate in some way, we got no guarantess here. We try to see if the overlaps
+     * are sublayers/mipmaps of the new surface, if they all match we end up recreating a surface
+     * for them, else we return nothing.
+     * @param overlaps, the overlapping surfaces registered in the cache.
+     * @param params, the paremeters on the new surface.
+     * @param gpu_addr, the starting address of the new surface.
+     **/
+    std::optional<std::pair<TSurface, TView>> TryReconstructSurface(std::vector<TSurface>& overlaps,
+                                                                    const SurfaceParams& params,
+                                                                    const GPUVAddr gpu_addr) {
+        if (params.target == SurfaceTarget::Texture3D) {
+            return {};
+        }
+        bool modified = false;
+        TSurface new_surface = GetUncachedSurface(gpu_addr, params);
+        u32 passed_tests = 0;
+        for (auto& surface : overlaps) {
+            const SurfaceParams& src_params = surface->GetSurfaceParams();
+            if (src_params.is_layered || src_params.num_levels > 1) {
+                // We send this cases to recycle as they are more complex to handle
+                return {};
+            }
+            const std::size_t candidate_size = surface->GetSizeInBytes();
+            auto mipmap_layer{new_surface->GetLayerMipmap(surface->GetGpuAddr())};
+            if (!mipmap_layer) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            const auto [layer, mipmap] = *mipmap_layer;
+            if (new_surface->GetMipmapSize(mipmap) != candidate_size) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            modified |= surface->IsModified();
+            // Now we got all the data set up
+            const u32 width = SurfaceParams::IntersectWidth(src_params, params, 0, mipmap);
+            const u32 height = SurfaceParams::IntersectHeight(src_params, params, 0, mipmap);
+            const CopyParams copy_params(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, layer, 0, mipmap, width, height, 1);
+            passed_tests++;
+            ImageCopy(surface, new_surface, copy_params);
+        }
+        if (passed_tests == 0) {
+            return {};
+            // In Accurate GPU all tests should pass, else we recycle
+        } else if (Settings::values.use_accurate_gpu_emulation && passed_tests != overlaps.size()) {
+            return {};
+        }
+        for (auto surface : overlaps) {
+            Unregister(surface);
+        }
+        new_surface->MarkAsModified(modified, Tick());
+        Register(new_surface);
+        return {{new_surface, new_surface->GetMainView()}};
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * `GetSurface` gets the starting address and parameters of a candidate surface and tries
+     * to find a matching surface within the cache. This is done in 3 big steps. The first is to
+     * check the 1st Level Cache in order to find an exact match, if we fail, we move to step 2.
+     * Step 2 is checking if there are any overlaps at all, if none, we just load the texture from
+     * memory else we move to step 3. Step 3 consists on figuring the relationship between the
+     * candidate texture and the overlaps. We divide the scenarios depending if there's 1 or many
+     * overlaps. If there's many, we just try to reconstruct a new surface out of them based on the
+     * candidate's parameters, if we fail, we recycle. When there's only 1 overlap then we have to
+     * check if the candidate is a view (layer/mipmap) of the overlap or if the registered surface
+     * is a mipmap/layer of the candidate. In this last case we reconstruct a new surface.
+     * @param gpu_addr, the starting address of the candidate surface.
+     * @param params, the paremeters on the candidate surface.
+     * @param preserve_contents, tells if the new surface should be loaded from meory or left blank.
+     **/
+    std::pair<TSurface, TView> GetSurface(const GPUVAddr gpu_addr, const SurfaceParams& params,
+                                          bool preserve_contents, bool is_render) {
+        const auto host_ptr{system.GPU().MemoryManager().GetPointer(gpu_addr)};
+        const auto cache_addr{ToCacheAddr(host_ptr)};
+
+        // Step 0: guarantee a valid surface
+        if (!cache_addr) {
+            // Return a null surface if it's invalid
+            SurfaceParams new_params = params;
+            new_params.width = 1;
+            new_params.height = 1;
+            new_params.depth = 1;
+            new_params.block_height = 0;
+            new_params.block_depth = 0;
+            return InitializeSurface(gpu_addr, new_params, false);
+        }
+
+        // Step 1
+        // Check Level 1 Cache for a fast structural match. If candidate surface
+        // matches at certain level we are pretty much done.
+        if (const auto iter = l1_cache.find(cache_addr); iter != l1_cache.end()) {
+            TSurface& current_surface = iter->second;
+            const auto topological_result = current_surface->MatchesTopology(params);
+            if (topological_result != MatchTopologyResult::FullMatch) {
+                std::vector<TSurface> overlaps{current_surface};
+                return RecycleSurface(overlaps, params, gpu_addr, preserve_contents,
+                                      topological_result);
+            }
+            const auto struct_result = current_surface->MatchesStructure(params);
+            if (struct_result != MatchStructureResult::None &&
+                (params.target != SurfaceTarget::Texture3D ||
+                 current_surface->MatchTarget(params.target))) {
+                if (struct_result == MatchStructureResult::FullMatch) {
+                    return ManageStructuralMatch(current_surface, params, is_render);
+                } else {
+                    return RebuildSurface(current_surface, params, is_render);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Step 2
+        // Obtain all possible overlaps in the memory region
+        const std::size_t candidate_size = params.GetGuestSizeInBytes();
+        auto overlaps{GetSurfacesInRegion(cache_addr, candidate_size)};
+
+        // If none are found, we are done. we just load the surface and create it.
+        if (overlaps.empty()) {
+            return InitializeSurface(gpu_addr, params, preserve_contents);
+        }
+
+        // Step 3
+        // Now we need to figure the relationship between the texture and its overlaps
+        // we do a topological test to ensure we can find some relationship. If it fails
+        // inmediatly recycle the texture
+        for (const auto& surface : overlaps) {
+            const auto topological_result = surface->MatchesTopology(params);
+            if (topological_result != MatchTopologyResult::FullMatch) {
+                return RecycleSurface(overlaps, params, gpu_addr, preserve_contents,
+                                      topological_result);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Split cases between 1 overlap or many.
+        if (overlaps.size() == 1) {
+            TSurface current_surface = overlaps[0];
+            // First check if the surface is within the overlap. If not, it means
+            // two things either the candidate surface is a supertexture of the overlap
+            // or they don't match in any known way.
+            if (!current_surface->IsInside(gpu_addr, gpu_addr + candidate_size)) {
+                if (current_surface->GetGpuAddr() == gpu_addr) {
+                    std::optional<std::pair<TSurface, TView>> view =
+                        TryReconstructSurface(overlaps, params, gpu_addr);
+                    if (view) {
+                        return *view;
+                    }
+                }
+                return RecycleSurface(overlaps, params, gpu_addr, preserve_contents,
+                                      MatchTopologyResult::FullMatch);
+            }
+            // Now we check if the candidate is a mipmap/layer of the overlap
+            std::optional<TView> view =
+                current_surface->EmplaceView(params, gpu_addr, candidate_size);
+            if (view) {
+                const bool is_mirage = !current_surface->MatchFormat(params.pixel_format);
+                if (is_mirage) {
+                    // On a mirage view, we need to recreate the surface under this new view
+                    // and then obtain a view again.
+                    SurfaceParams new_params = current_surface->GetSurfaceParams();
+                    const u32 wh = SurfaceParams::ConvertWidth(
+                        new_params.width, new_params.pixel_format, params.pixel_format);
+                    const u32 hh = SurfaceParams::ConvertHeight(
+                        new_params.height, new_params.pixel_format, params.pixel_format);
+                    new_params.width = wh;
+                    new_params.height = hh;
+                    new_params.pixel_format = params.pixel_format;
+                    std::pair<TSurface, TView> pair =
+                        RebuildSurface(current_surface, new_params, is_render);
+                    std::optional<TView> mirage_view =
+                        pair.first->EmplaceView(params, gpu_addr, candidate_size);
+                    if (mirage_view)
+                        return {pair.first, *mirage_view};
+                    return RecycleSurface(overlaps, params, gpu_addr, preserve_contents,
+                                          MatchTopologyResult::FullMatch);
+                }
+                return {current_surface, *view};
+            }
+            // The next case is unsafe, so if we r in accurate GPU, just skip it
+            if (Settings::values.use_accurate_gpu_emulation) {
+                return RecycleSurface(overlaps, params, gpu_addr, preserve_contents,
+                                      MatchTopologyResult::FullMatch);
+            }
+            // This is the case the texture is a part of the parent.
+            if (current_surface->MatchesSubTexture(params, gpu_addr)) {
+                return RebuildSurface(current_surface, params, is_render);
+            }
+        } else {
+            // If there are many overlaps, odds are they are subtextures of the candidate
+            // surface. We try to construct a new surface based on the candidate parameters,
+            // using the overlaps. If a single overlap fails, this will fail.
+            std::optional<std::pair<TSurface, TView>> view =
+                TryReconstructSurface(overlaps, params, gpu_addr);
+            if (view) {
+                return *view;
+            }
+        }
+        // We failed all the tests, recycle the overlaps into a new texture.
+        return RecycleSurface(overlaps, params, gpu_addr, preserve_contents,
+                              MatchTopologyResult::FullMatch);
+    }
+
+    std::pair<TSurface, TView> InitializeSurface(GPUVAddr gpu_addr, const SurfaceParams& params,
+                                                 bool preserve_contents) {
+        auto new_surface{GetUncachedSurface(gpu_addr, params)};
+        Register(new_surface);
+        if (preserve_contents) {
+            LoadSurface(new_surface);
+        }
+        return {new_surface, new_surface->GetMainView()};
+    }
+
+    void LoadSurface(const TSurface& surface) {
+        staging_cache.GetBuffer(0).resize(surface->GetHostSizeInBytes());
+        surface->LoadBuffer(system.GPU().MemoryManager(), staging_cache);
+        surface->UploadTexture(staging_cache.GetBuffer(0));
+        surface->MarkAsModified(false, Tick());
+    }
+
+    void FlushSurface(const TSurface& surface) {
+        if (!surface->IsModified()) {
+            return;
+        }
+        staging_cache.GetBuffer(0).resize(surface->GetHostSizeInBytes());
+        surface->DownloadTexture(staging_cache.GetBuffer(0));
+        surface->FlushBuffer(system.GPU().MemoryManager(), staging_cache);
+        surface->MarkAsModified(false, Tick());
+    }
+
+    void RegisterInnerCache(TSurface& surface) {
+        const CacheAddr cache_addr = surface->GetCacheAddr();
+        CacheAddr start = cache_addr >> registry_page_bits;
+        const CacheAddr end = (surface->GetCacheAddrEnd() - 1) >> registry_page_bits;
+        l1_cache[cache_addr] = surface;
+        while (start <= end) {
+            registry[start].push_back(surface);
+            start++;
+        }
+    }
+
+    void UnregisterInnerCache(TSurface& surface) {
+        const CacheAddr cache_addr = surface->GetCacheAddr();
+        CacheAddr start = cache_addr >> registry_page_bits;
+        const CacheAddr end = (surface->GetCacheAddrEnd() - 1) >> registry_page_bits;
+        l1_cache.erase(cache_addr);
+        while (start <= end) {
+            auto& reg{registry[start]};
+            reg.erase(std::find(reg.begin(), reg.end(), surface));
+            start++;
+        }
+    }
+
+    std::vector<TSurface> GetSurfacesInRegion(const CacheAddr cache_addr, const std::size_t size) {
+        if (size == 0) {
+            return {};
+        }
+        const CacheAddr cache_addr_end = cache_addr + size;
+        CacheAddr start = cache_addr >> registry_page_bits;
+        const CacheAddr end = (cache_addr_end - 1) >> registry_page_bits;
+        std::vector<TSurface> surfaces;
+        while (start <= end) {
+            std::vector<TSurface>& list = registry[start];
+            for (auto& surface : list) {
+                if (!surface->IsPicked() && surface->Overlaps(cache_addr, cache_addr_end)) {
+                    surface->MarkAsPicked(true);
+                    surfaces.push_back(surface);
+                }
+            }
+            start++;
+        }
+        for (auto& surface : surfaces) {
+            surface->MarkAsPicked(false);
+        }
+        return surfaces;
+    }
+
+    void ReserveSurface(const SurfaceParams& params, TSurface surface) {
+        surface_reserve[params].push_back(std::move(surface));
+    }
+
+    TSurface TryGetReservedSurface(const SurfaceParams& params) {
+        auto search{surface_reserve.find(params)};
+        if (search == surface_reserve.end()) {
+            return {};
+        }
+        for (auto& surface : search->second) {
+            if (!surface->IsRegistered()) {
+                return surface;
+            }
+        }
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    constexpr PixelFormat GetSiblingFormat(PixelFormat format) const {
+        return siblings_table[static_cast<std::size_t>(format)];
+    }
+
+    struct FramebufferTargetInfo {
+        TSurface target;
+        TView view;
+    };
+
+    VideoCore::RasterizerInterface& rasterizer;
+
+    u64 ticks{};
+
+    // Guards the cache for protection conflicts.
+    bool guard_render_targets{};
+    bool guard_samplers{};
+
+    // The siblings table is for formats that can inter exchange with one another
+    // without causing issues. This is only valid when a conflict occurs on a non
+    // rendering use.
+    std::array<PixelFormat, static_cast<std::size_t>(PixelFormat::Max)> siblings_table;
+
+    // The internal Cache is different for the Texture Cache. It's based on buckets
+    // of 1MB. This fits better for the purpose of this cache as textures are normaly
+    // large in size.
+    static constexpr u64 registry_page_bits{20};
+    static constexpr u64 registry_page_size{1 << registry_page_bits};
+    std::unordered_map<CacheAddr, std::vector<TSurface>> registry;
+
+    // The L1 Cache is used for fast texture lookup before checking the overlaps
+    // This avoids calculating size and other stuffs.
+    std::unordered_map<CacheAddr, TSurface> l1_cache;
+
+    /// The surface reserve is a "backup" cache, this is where we put unique surfaces that have
+    /// previously been used. This is to prevent surfaces from being constantly created and
+    /// destroyed when used with different surface parameters.
+    std::unordered_map<SurfaceParams, std::vector<TSurface>> surface_reserve;
+    std::array<FramebufferTargetInfo, Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::NumRenderTargets>
+        render_targets;
+    FramebufferTargetInfo depth_buffer;
+
+    std::vector<TSurface> sampled_textures;
+
+    StagingCache staging_cache;
+    std::recursive_mutex mutex;
+};
+
+} // namespace VideoCommon

src/video_core/textures/convert.cpp

@@ -62,19 +62,19 @@ static void ConvertZ24S8ToS8Z24(u8* data, u32 width, u32 height) {
     SwapS8Z24ToZ24S8<true>(data, width, height);
 }
 
-void ConvertFromGuestToHost(u8* data, PixelFormat pixel_format, u32 width, u32 height, u32 depth,
-                            bool convert_astc, bool convert_s8z24) {
+void ConvertFromGuestToHost(u8* in_data, u8* out_data, PixelFormat pixel_format, u32 width,
+                            u32 height, u32 depth, bool convert_astc, bool convert_s8z24) {
     if (convert_astc && IsPixelFormatASTC(pixel_format)) {
         // Convert ASTC pixel formats to RGBA8, as most desktop GPUs do not support ASTC.
         u32 block_width{};
         u32 block_height{};
         std::tie(block_width, block_height) = GetASTCBlockSize(pixel_format);
-        const std::vector<u8> rgba8_data =
-            Tegra::Texture::ASTC::Decompress(data, width, height, depth, block_width, block_height);
-        std::copy(rgba8_data.begin(), rgba8_data.end(), data);
+        const std::vector<u8> rgba8_data = Tegra::Texture::ASTC::Decompress(
+            in_data, width, height, depth, block_width, block_height);
+        std::copy(rgba8_data.begin(), rgba8_data.end(), out_data);
 
     } else if (convert_s8z24 && pixel_format == PixelFormat::S8Z24) {
-        Tegra::Texture::ConvertS8Z24ToZ24S8(data, width, height);
+        Tegra::Texture::ConvertS8Z24ToZ24S8(in_data, width, height);
     }
 }
 
@@ -90,4 +90,4 @@ void ConvertFromHostToGuest(u8* data, PixelFormat pixel_format, u32 width, u32 h
     }
 }
 
-} // namespace Tegra::Texture
+} // namespace Tegra::Texture

src/video_core/textures/convert.h

@@ -12,10 +12,11 @@ enum class PixelFormat;
 
 namespace Tegra::Texture {
 
-void ConvertFromGuestToHost(u8* data, VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat pixel_format, u32 width,
-                            u32 height, u32 depth, bool convert_astc, bool convert_s8z24);
+void ConvertFromGuestToHost(u8* in_data, u8* out_data, VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat pixel_format,
+                            u32 width, u32 height, u32 depth, bool convert_astc,
+                            bool convert_s8z24);
 
 void ConvertFromHostToGuest(u8* data, VideoCore::Surface::PixelFormat pixel_format, u32 width,
                             u32 height, u32 depth, bool convert_astc, bool convert_s8z24);
 
-} // namespace Tegra::Texture
+} // namespace Tegra::Texture

src/video_core/textures/decoders.cpp

@@ -36,10 +36,16 @@ struct alignas(64) SwizzleTable {
     std::array<std::array<u16, M>, N> values{};
 };
 
-constexpr u32 gob_size_x = 64;
-constexpr u32 gob_size_y = 8;
-constexpr u32 gob_size_z = 1;
-constexpr u32 gob_size = gob_size_x * gob_size_y * gob_size_z;
+constexpr u32 gob_size_x_shift = 6;
+constexpr u32 gob_size_y_shift = 3;
+constexpr u32 gob_size_z_shift = 0;
+constexpr u32 gob_size_shift = gob_size_x_shift + gob_size_y_shift + gob_size_z_shift;
+
+constexpr u32 gob_size_x = 1U << gob_size_x_shift;
+constexpr u32 gob_size_y = 1U << gob_size_y_shift;
+constexpr u32 gob_size_z = 1U << gob_size_z_shift;
+constexpr u32 gob_size = 1U << gob_size_shift;
+
 constexpr u32 fast_swizzle_align = 16;
 
 constexpr auto legacy_swizzle_table = SwizzleTable<gob_size_y, gob_size_x, gob_size_z>();
@@ -171,14 +177,16 @@ void SwizzledData(u8* const swizzled_data, u8* const unswizzled_data, const bool
 void CopySwizzledData(u32 width, u32 height, u32 depth, u32 bytes_per_pixel,
                       u32 out_bytes_per_pixel, u8* const swizzled_data, u8* const unswizzled_data,
                       bool unswizzle, u32 block_height, u32 block_depth, u32 width_spacing) {
+    const u32 block_height_size{1U << block_height};
+    const u32 block_depth_size{1U << block_depth};
     if (bytes_per_pixel % 3 != 0 && (width * bytes_per_pixel) % fast_swizzle_align == 0) {
         SwizzledData<true>(swizzled_data, unswizzled_data, unswizzle, width, height, depth,
-                           bytes_per_pixel, out_bytes_per_pixel, block_height, block_depth,
-                           width_spacing);
+                           bytes_per_pixel, out_bytes_per_pixel, block_height_size,
+                           block_depth_size, width_spacing);
     } else {
         SwizzledData<false>(swizzled_data, unswizzled_data, unswizzle, width, height, depth,
-                            bytes_per_pixel, out_bytes_per_pixel, block_height, block_depth,
-                            width_spacing);
+                            bytes_per_pixel, out_bytes_per_pixel, block_height_size,
+                            block_depth_size, width_spacing);
     }
 }
 
@@ -248,7 +256,9 @@ std::vector<u8> UnswizzleTexture(u8* address, u32 tile_size_x, u32 tile_size_y,
 }
 
 void SwizzleSubrect(u32 subrect_width, u32 subrect_height, u32 source_pitch, u32 swizzled_width,
-                    u32 bytes_per_pixel, u8* swizzled_data, u8* unswizzled_data, u32 block_height) {
+                    u32 bytes_per_pixel, u8* swizzled_data, u8* unswizzled_data,
+                    u32 block_height_bit) {
+    const u32 block_height = 1U << block_height_bit;
     const u32 image_width_in_gobs{(swizzled_width * bytes_per_pixel + (gob_size_x - 1)) /
                                   gob_size_x};
     for (u32 line = 0; line < subrect_height; ++line) {
@@ -269,8 +279,9 @@ void SwizzleSubrect(u32 subrect_width, u32 subrect_height, u32 source_pitch, u32
 }
 
 void UnswizzleSubrect(u32 subrect_width, u32 subrect_height, u32 dest_pitch, u32 swizzled_width,
-                      u32 bytes_per_pixel, u8* swizzled_data, u8* unswizzled_data, u32 block_height,
-                      u32 offset_x, u32 offset_y) {
+                      u32 bytes_per_pixel, u8* swizzled_data, u8* unswizzled_data,
+                      u32 block_height_bit, u32 offset_x, u32 offset_y) {
+    const u32 block_height = 1U << block_height_bit;
     for (u32 line = 0; line < subrect_height; ++line) {
         const u32 y2 = line + offset_y;
         const u32 gob_address_y = (y2 / (gob_size_y * block_height)) * gob_size * block_height +
@@ -289,8 +300,9 @@ void UnswizzleSubrect(u32 subrect_width, u32 subrect_height, u32 dest_pitch, u32
 }
 
 void SwizzleKepler(const u32 width, const u32 height, const u32 dst_x, const u32 dst_y,
-                   const u32 block_height, const std::size_t copy_size, const u8* source_data,
+                   const u32 block_height_bit, const std::size_t copy_size, const u8* source_data,
                    u8* swizzle_data) {
+    const u32 block_height = 1U << block_height_bit;
     const u32 image_width_in_gobs{(width + gob_size_x - 1) / gob_size_x};
     std::size_t count = 0;
     for (std::size_t y = dst_y; y < height && count < copy_size; ++y) {
@@ -356,9 +368,9 @@ std::vector<u8> DecodeTexture(const std::vector<u8>& texture_data, TextureFormat
 std::size_t CalculateSize(bool tiled, u32 bytes_per_pixel, u32 width, u32 height, u32 depth,
                           u32 block_height, u32 block_depth) {
     if (tiled) {
-        const u32 aligned_width = Common::AlignUp(width * bytes_per_pixel, gob_size_x);
-        const u32 aligned_height = Common::AlignUp(height, gob_size_y * block_height);
-        const u32 aligned_depth = Common::AlignUp(depth, gob_size_z * block_depth);
+        const u32 aligned_width = Common::AlignBits(width * bytes_per_pixel, gob_size_x_shift);
+        const u32 aligned_height = Common::AlignBits(height, gob_size_y_shift + block_height);
+        const u32 aligned_depth = Common::AlignBits(depth, gob_size_z_shift + block_depth);
         return aligned_width * aligned_height * aligned_depth;
     } else {
         return width * height * depth * bytes_per_pixel;

src/video_core/textures/decoders.h

@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ namespace Tegra::Texture {
 
 // GOBSize constant. Calculated by 64 bytes in x multiplied by 8 y coords, represents
 // an small rect of (64/bytes_per_pixel)X8.
-inline std::size_t GetGOBSize() {
-    return 512;
+inline std::size_t GetGOBSizeShift() {
+    return 9;
 }
 
 /// Unswizzles a swizzled texture without changing its format.

src/video_core/textures/texture.h

@@ -52,9 +52,9 @@ enum class TextureFormat : u32 {
     DXT45 = 0x26,
     DXN1 = 0x27,
     DXN2 = 0x28,
-    Z24S8 = 0x29,
+    S8Z24 = 0x29,
     X8Z24 = 0x2a,
-    S8Z24 = 0x2b,
+    Z24S8 = 0x2b,
     X4V4Z24__COV4R4V = 0x2c,
     X4V4Z24__COV8R8V = 0x2d,
     V8Z24__COV4R12V = 0x2e,
@@ -172,12 +172,16 @@ struct TICEntry {
         BitField<26, 1, u32> use_header_opt_control;
         BitField<27, 1, u32> depth_texture;
         BitField<28, 4, u32> max_mip_level;
+
+        BitField<0, 16, u32> buffer_high_width_minus_one;
     };
     union {
         BitField<0, 16, u32> width_minus_1;
         BitField<22, 1, u32> srgb_conversion;
         BitField<23, 4, TextureType> texture_type;
         BitField<29, 3, u32> border_size;
+
+        BitField<0, 16, u32> buffer_low_width_minus_one;
     };
     union {
         BitField<0, 16, u32> height_minus_1;
@@ -206,7 +210,10 @@ struct TICEntry {
     }
 
     u32 Width() const {
-        return width_minus_1 + 1;
+        if (header_version != TICHeaderVersion::OneDBuffer) {
+            return width_minus_1 + 1;
+        }
+        return (buffer_high_width_minus_one << 16) | buffer_low_width_minus_one;
     }
 
     u32 Height() const {
@@ -219,20 +226,17 @@ struct TICEntry {
 
     u32 BlockWidth() const {
         ASSERT(IsTiled());
-        // The block height is stored in log2 format.
-        return 1 << block_width;
+        return block_width;
     }
 
     u32 BlockHeight() const {
         ASSERT(IsTiled());
-        // The block height is stored in log2 format.
-        return 1 << block_height;
+        return block_height;
     }
 
     u32 BlockDepth() const {
         ASSERT(IsTiled());
-        // The block height is stored in log2 format.
-        return 1 << block_depth;
+        return block_depth;
     }
 
     bool IsTiled() const {
@@ -240,6 +244,15 @@ struct TICEntry {
                header_version == TICHeaderVersion::BlockLinearColorKey;
     }
 
+    bool IsLineal() const {
+        return header_version == TICHeaderVersion::Pitch ||
+               header_version == TICHeaderVersion::PitchColorKey;
+    }
+
+    bool IsBuffer() const {
+        return header_version == TICHeaderVersion::OneDBuffer;
+    }
+
     bool IsSrgbConversionEnabled() const {
         return srgb_conversion != 0;
     }

src/yuzu/main.cpp

@@ -750,6 +750,9 @@ void GMainWindow::OnDisplayTitleBars(bool show) {
 QStringList GMainWindow::GetUnsupportedGLExtensions() {
     QStringList unsupported_ext;
 
+    if (!GLAD_GL_ARB_buffer_storage) {
+        unsupported_ext.append(QStringLiteral("ARB_buffer_storage"));
+    }
     if (!GLAD_GL_ARB_direct_state_access) {
         unsupported_ext.append(QStringLiteral("ARB_direct_state_access"));
     }

src/yuzu_cmd/emu_window/emu_window_sdl2_gl.cpp

@@ -52,6 +52,10 @@ private:
 bool EmuWindow_SDL2_GL::SupportsRequiredGLExtensions() {
     std::vector<std::string> unsupported_ext;
 
+    if (!GLAD_GL_ARB_buffer_storage)
+        unsupported_ext.push_back("ARB_buffer_storage");
+    if (!GLAD_GL_ARB_direct_state_access)
+        unsupported_ext.push_back("ARB_direct_state_access");
     if (!GLAD_GL_ARB_vertex_type_10f_11f_11f_rev)
         unsupported_ext.push_back("ARB_vertex_type_10f_11f_11f_rev");
     if (!GLAD_GL_ARB_texture_mirror_clamp_to_edge)